I want to do testing using selenium webdriver in Jmeter. And i was using By.linkText to find an element, and assert whether the element exists or not.
var elements = WDS.browser.findElements(pkg.By.linkText("Tools"));
eval(elements.length != 0);
But it seems if replace 'Tools' with any other string like 'asfasdsa' it will return True, and my test is passing. It seems By.linkText doesnt work in JMeter. Is there any other alternate way to find an element in webpage other than By.id??
Also, is this a good way to verify whether an element is present?
Selenium works just fine, I'm not sure what you're trying to do with eval(elements.length != 0); function call, it will return false but fail to see where and how you're using this value
If you want to fail the WebDriver Sampler when the number of returned elements is 0 you need to do this a little bit differently, in particular conditionally call WDS.sampleResult.setSuccessful() function
Suggested code change:
WDS.sampleResult.sampleStart()
WDS.browser.get('http://example.com')
var elements = WDS.browser.findElements(org.openqa.selenium.By.linkText('More information...'))
if (elements.length == 0) {
WDS.sampleResult.setSuccessful(false)
WDS.sampleResult.setResponseMessage('Failed to find any element matching the criteria')
}
WDS.sampleResult.sampleEnd()
The above code will pass as long as you don't change More information... to something else.
See The WebDriver Sampler: Your Top 10 Questions Answered for more WebDriver Sampler tops and tricks
You can use xpath:
Using text():
var elements = WDS.browser.findElements(pkg.By.xpath("//*[text()='Tools']"));
eval(elements.length != 0);
Using contains():
var elements = WDS.browser.findElements(pkg.By.xpath("//*[contains(., 'Tools')]"));
eval(elements.length != 0);
Related
I am working on this project were I need to verify that each item in list is loaded on page. However I am a bit confused how to create the xpath as the text is inside an tag.
I first need need get the element and then assert if that item is displayed. The below first line works however assertion gives an error.
WebElement costRequest = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Cost')]"));
Assert.assertEquals(true, costRequest.isDisplayed());
log.info("Verify cost request");
You should use expected conditions - wait for the element to be visible instead of what you are doing now since driver.findElement returns the web element at the moment the element exists, but still not completed so it's not yet displayed.
So do something like this:
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 20);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Cost')]")));
WebElement costRequest = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[contains(text(),'Cost')]"));
Assert.assertEquals(true, costRequest.isDisplayed());
log.info("Verify cost request");
As we know iframe can be counted using frameslist but that doesn't work for me and gives blank output although frame count gives me count as 2. I'm using Selenium WebDriver and Java.
Basically I want to get img source's data-mce-src starts with cid and dfsrc ends with # according to below screenshot.
I tried :
public static final String imageAttachment="css=img[data-mce-src^='cid']&&[data-mce-src$='#']";
which works fine using sIsElementPresent in selenium 1.0 but it fails in webdriver using findElement. In fact it doesn't identify iframe itself.
Expected:
css=img[data-mce-src^='cid']&&[data-mce-src$='#'] element present?
Code:
WebElement we = null;
List <WebElement> framesList = webDriver().findElements(By.tagName("iframe"));
for (WebElement frame:framesList){
System.out.println(frame.getText()); // returns nothing
}
int listSize = framesList.size();
webDriver().findElement(By.xpath("//iframe"));
System.out.println(listSize);
Also tried:
webDriver().switchTo().frame(webDriver().findElements(By.tagName("iframe"));
we = webDriver().findElement(By.cssSelector("html body div img"));
System.out.println(we.getAttribute("src")); // returns nothing
You should try as below :-
webDriver().switchTo().frame("Editor1_body_ifr");
we = webDriver().findElement(By.cssSelector("body#tinymce img"));
System.out.println(we.getAttribute("src"));
try {
webDriver().switchTo().frame("Editor1_body_ifr");
we = webDriver().findElement(By.cssSelector("html body img"));
System.out.println(we.getAttribute("src"));
System.out.println(we.getAttribute("data-mce-src"));
System.out.println(we.getAttribute("dfsrc"));
} finally {
webDriver.switchTo().defaultContent();
}
I am working on an automation project which uses shadow DOMs extensively.
I use the execute_script function to access shadow root elements.
For example:
root = driver.execute_script('return document.querySelector(".flex.vertical.layout").shadowRoot')
Then I use the root element to access the elements within.
Since we have shadow root elements at many levels, this is annoying me a lot.
Is there any better solution to access elements within shadow root elements?
I am using Chrome 2.20 driver.
By googling I found another workaround for this problem - which is using the "/deep/ combinator".
For example, I was able to access all the shadow roots elements with
driver.find_elements_by_css_selector('body/deep/.layout.horizontal.center')
This will have access to the element with the compound class name layout horizontal center regardless of the number of shadow roots it has.
But this only works for the chromedriver and /deep/ is a deprecated approach.
The WebDriver spec still doesn't have anything specific to say about Shadow DOM.
Nor the Selenium project pages - which is understandable, as they closely follow the spec. Yet there is some low-level code in existence.
So, the short answer is: no, there is no special support in the spec, in Selenium's WebDriver API or implementation code at present.
Yes, the capability seems to exist in ChromeDriver 2.14 (as a wrapper around Chrome). However, as far as I can tell there are no Selenium or WebDriver-level bindings to let you use it.
But for more detail and possible workarounds, see also: Accessing Shadow DOM tree with Selenium, also: Accessing elements in the shadow DOM, and especially: Finding elements in the shadow DOM
You can write extension methods to operate on IWebElement to expand the root as below.
public static class SeleniumExtension
{
public static IWebElement ExpandRootElement(this IWebElement element, IWebDriver driver)
{
return (IWebElement)((IJavaScriptExecutor)driver)
.ExecuteScript("return arguments[0].shadowRoot", element);
}
}
You can use the above extension method to traverse through the element's hierarchy to reach the element of interest.
By downloads_manager_ShadowDom= By.TagName("downloads-manager");
By downloadToolBarShadowDom = By.CssSelector("downloads-toolbar");
By toolBarElement = By.CssSelector("cr-toolbar");
IWebElement ToolBarElement = driver.FindElement(downloads_manager_ShadowDom).ExpandRootElement(driver).FindElement(downloadToolBarShadowDom).ExpandRootElement(driver).FindElement(toolBarElement);
Trying to have this automated on Chrome I came up with an inelegant solution of recursively searching through each shadow dom explicitly using:
driver.executeScript(scriptToRun, cssSelector);
Here's the javascript (passed as a string):
function recursiveSearch(element, target) {
let result = element.querySelector(target);
if (result) { return result; }
let subElements = element.querySelectorAll("*");
for (let i = 0; i < subElements.length; i++) {
let subElement = subElements[i];
if (subElement && subElement.shadowRoot) {
let result = recursiveSearch(subElement.shadowRoot, target);
if (result) return result;
}
}
}
return recursiveSearch(document, arguments[0]);
Since the contents of a shadowRoot might be empty initially one can use driver.wait and until.elementIsVisible to avoid returning a null element.
Async example:
return await driver.wait(until.elementIsVisible(await driver.wait(async () => {
return await driver.executeScript(scriptToRun, cssSelector);
}, timeOut)));
Alternatively
My previous solution was to traverse the elements with shadowdoms explicitly, but is less autonomous. Same as above but with this script:
let element = document.querySelector(arguments[0][0]);
let selectors = arguments[0].slice(1);
for (i = 0; i < selectors.length; i++) {
if (!element || !element.shadowRoot) {return false;}
element = element.shadowRoot.querySelector(selectors[i]);
}
return element;
Where selectors would be something like:
['parentElement1', 'parentElement2', 'targetElement']
Sidenote
I found that running my automation tests on Firefox Quantum 57.0 doesn't suffer from hidden shadow doms, and any element can be found with a simple:
driver.findElement(searchQuery);
Since you use often that you may create a function, then the above becomes:
def select_shadow_element_by_css_selector(selector):
running_script = 'return document.querySelector("%s").shadowRoot' % selector
element = driver.execute_script(running_script)
return element
shadow_section = select_shadow_element_by_css_selector(".flex.vertical.layout")
shadow_section.find_element_by_css(".flex")
on the resulting element you can put any of the methods:
find_element_by_id
find_element_by_name
find_element_by_xpath
find_element_by_link_text
find_element_by_partial_link_text
find_element_by_tag_name
find_element_by_class_name
find_element_by_css_selector
To find multiple elements (these methods will return a list):
find_elements_by_name
find_elements_by_xpath
find_elements_by_link_text
find_elements_by_partial_link_text
find_elements_by_tag_name
find_elements_by_class_name
find_elements_by_css_selector
later edit:
Sometime the shadow host elements are hidden withing shadow trees that's why the best way to do it is to use the selenium selectors to find the shadow host elements and inject the script just to take the shadow root: :
def expand_shadow_element(element):
shadow_root = driver.execute_script('return arguments[0].shadowRoot', element)
return shadow_root
#the above becomes
shadow_section = expand_shadow_element(find_element_by_tag_name("neon-animatable"))
shadow_section.find_element_by_css(".flex")
To put this into perspective I just added a testable example with Chrome's download page, clicking the search button needs open 3 nested shadow root elements:
import selenium
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
def expand_shadow_element(element):
shadow_root = driver.execute_script('return arguments[0].shadowRoot', element)
return shadow_root
selenium.__file__
driver.get("chrome://downloads")
root1 = driver.find_element_by_tag_name('downloads-manager')
shadow_root1 = expand_shadow_element(root1)
root2 = shadow_root1.find_element_by_css_selector('downloads-toolbar')
shadow_root2 = expand_shadow_element(root2)
root3 = shadow_root2.find_element_by_css_selector('cr-search-field')
shadow_root3 = expand_shadow_element(root3)
search_button = shadow_root3.find_element_by_css_selector("#search-button")
search_button.click()
Not sure it works in all browsers, but for me
::shadow works fine in chromedriver 2.38 For example:
div::shadow div span::shadow a
Maybe you may use IJavaScriptExecutor?
IWebDriver driver;
IJavaScriptExecutor jsExecutor = (IJavaScriptExecutor)driver;
jsExecutor.ExecuteScript('yourShadowDom.func()');
I have been testing using Selenium WebDriver and I have been looking for an XPath code to get the value of the attribute of an HTML element as part of my regression testing. But I couldn't find a good answer.
Here is my sample html element:
<div class="firstdiv" alt="testdiv"></div>
I want to get the value of the "alt" attribute using the XPath. I have an XPath to get to the div element using the class attribute which is:
//div[#class="firstdiv"]
Now, I am looking for an XPath code to get the value of the "alt" attribute. The assumption is that I don't know what is the value of the "alt" attribute.
You can use the getAttribute() method.
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[#class='firstdiv']")).getAttribute("alt");
Using C#, .Net 4.5, and Selenium 2.45
Use findElements to capture firstdiv elements into a collection.
var firstDivCollection = driver.findElements(By.XPath("//div[#class='firstdiv']"));
Then iterate over the collection.
foreach (var div in firstDivCollection) {
div.GetAttribute("alt");
}
Just use executeScript and do XPath or querySelector/getAttribute in browser. Other solutions are wrong, because it takes forever to call getAttribute for each element from Selenium if you have more than a few.
var hrefsPromise = driver.executeScript(`
var elements = document.querySelectorAll('div.firstdiv');
elements = Array.prototype.slice.call(elements);
return elements.map(function (element) {
return element.getAttribute('alt');
});
`);
Selenium Xpath can only return elements.
You should pass javascript function that executes xpaths and returns strings to selenium.
I'm not sure why they made it this way. Xpath should support returning strings.
I am trying to use Selenium's Xpath ability to be able to find an set of elements. I have used FirePath on FireFox to create and test the Xpath that I have come up with and that is working just fine but when I use the Xpath in my c# test with Selenium nothing is returned.
var MiElements = this._driver.FindElements(By.XPath("//div[#class='context-menu-item' and descendant::div[text()='Action Selected Jobs']]"));
and the Html looks like this:-
Can Anyone please point me right as everything that I have read the web says to me that this Xpath is correct.
Thanking you all in-advance.
Please post the actual HTML, so we can simply "drop it in" into a HTML file and try it ourselves but I noticed that there is a trailing space at the end of the class name:
<div title="Actions Selected Jobs." class="context-menu-item " .....
So force XPath to strip the trailing spaces first:
var MiElements = this._driver.FindElements(By.XPath("//div[normalize-space(#class)='context-menu-item' and descendant::div[text()='Action Selected Jobs']]"));
Perhaps you don't take into consideration the time that the elements need to load and you look for them when they aren't yet "searchable". UPDATE I skipped examples regarding this issue. See Slanec's comment.
Anyway, Selenium recommends to avoid searching by xpath whenever it is possible, because of being slower and more "fragile".
You could find your element like this:
//see the method code below
WebElement div = findDivByTitle("Action Selected Jobs");
//example of searching for one (first found) element
if (div != null) {
WebElement myElement = div.findElement(By.className("context-menu-item"));
}
......
//example of searching for all the elements
if (div != null) {
WebElement myElement = div.findElements(By.className("context-menu-item-inner"));
}
//try to wrap the code above in convenient method/s with expressive names
//and separate it from test code
......
WebElement findDivByTitle(final String divTitle) {
List<WebElement> foundDivs = this._driver.findElements(By.tagName("div"));
for (WebElement div : foundDivs) {
if (element.getAttribute("title").equals(divTitle)) {
return element;
}
}
return null;
}
This is approximate code (based on your explanation), you should adapt it better to your purposes. Again, remember to take the load time into account and to separate your utility code from the test code.
Hope it helps.