How to activate rewrite URL from apache2 with Linux - apache

Question

I recently transfered all my websites from Windows to KUbuntu via virtual machine. And now I can't access a part of my website that is using rewrite URL...
I've already activated rewrite module with sudo a2enmod rewrite and AllowOverride in apache2 conf and restarted apache but that still does not work...
At the start, I got 404 errors (without default.conf AllowOverride things)
And now I've got a 500 internal error. How don't know how to proceed next, I Googled that problem, but nothing helped me.
EDIT: The 500 internal error happened from my .htaccess:
Header add Access-Control-Allow-Origin "*"
My default.conf:
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster#localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
<Directory /var/www/html>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride all
Order allow,deny
allow from all
RewriteEngine on
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
My .htaccess
Options -Indexes
RewriteEngine on
# RewriteCond %{DOCUMENT_ROOT}%{REQUEST_URI} !-f
# %{HTTP_HOST} = domain
# %{REQUEST_URI} = /vl_web/...
# rewrite pages
RewriteRule ^login$ ./login.php [L]
RewriteRule ^reglement$ ./rules.php [L]
RewriteRule ^changelog$ ./changelog.php [L]
RewriteRule ^government/lspd/$ ./government/panel/?team=LSPD [L]
RewriteRule ^government/bcso/$ ./government/panel/?team=BCSO [L]
# 404 image
# RewriteRule \.(gif|jpe?g|png|bmp) ./assets/img/misc/404.png [NC,L]
# Ht Errors
ErrorDocument 404 /vl_web/assets/resources/hterr/index.php?error=404
ErrorDocument 403 /vl_web/assets/resources/hterr/index.php?error=403
ErrorDocument 500 /vl_web/assets/resources/hterr/index.php?error=500
ErrorDocument 503 /vl_web/assets/resources/hterr/index.php?error=503
Any idea ?

Answer 1

error in my .htaccess /var/www/html/vl_web/.htaccess: Invalid command 'Header', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration
Header is part of mod_headers, which needs to be _enabled. mod_headers is considered an "Extension", in other words:
A module with "Extension" status is not normally compiled and loaded into the server. To enable the module and its functionality, you may need to change the server build configuration files and re-compile Apache. (Source: https://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/module-dict.html#Status)
Although, this will often just need "enabling" in the server config. (Requiring a webserver restart.)
php errors (that do not happen on windows so that's pretty weird): Undefined index: nom in /var/www/html/vl_web/government/panel/files/index/row2.php on line 35, referer: http://192.168.1.29/vl_web/government/
Differences in PHP versions and/or different (default) error_reporting levels could account for the differences in behaviour here. Notably, "Undefined index" messages became an E_WARNING in PHP 7 - previously this was an E_NOTICE.
'LimitInternalRecursion' errors: Request exceeded the limit of 10 internal redirects due to probable configuration error. Use 'LimitInternalRecursion' to increase the limit if necessary. Use 'LogLevel debug' to get a backtrace., referer: http://192.168.1.29/vl_web/
This is most probably caused by rewrites in your .htaccess file.
Please add the contents of your .htaccess file to you question.
Of note here is that Windows is a case-insenstive filesystem and Linux is not. The same directive might not match on Linux.
Aside:
<Directory /var/www/html>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
AllowOverride all
Order allow,deny
allow from all
RewriteEngine on
</Directory>
You probably want to disable MultiViews (you are explicitly enabling it above). If you are doing much with mod_rewrite (in .htaccess) then MultiViews can often result in conflicts (depends what you are doing).
Do you really want to enable directory Indexes?
Order and Allow are Apache 2.2 directives. You are evidentally on Apache 2.4 so should be using the Require directive instead.
You do not need to enable the RewriteEngine here unless you are using it in this scope (you are not). If you are using .htaccess then this will most probably override this anyway.
In other words, this should probably be written:
<Directory /var/www/html>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>