SQL Check Current time is between two DATETIME columns - sql

I need to check whether the current time is between two datetime column values.
And I only need to check the time is between the range and I don't want to check the date.
I know how to check a date is exists between a daterange like below
SELECT
*
FROM
Table1 T
WHERE
CAST(GETDATE() AS DATE) BETWEEN T.StartDate AND T.EndDate
We have stored start date and end date as folllows..
StartDate - 1900-01-01 08:00:00.000
EndDate - 1900-01-01 19:00:00.000
Is there something similar to this to check whether the time is exists in a date range?


if you only want to check time
SELECT *
FROM Table1 T
WHERE CAST(GETDATE() AS TIME) BETWEEN cast(T.StartDate as TIME) AND cast(T.EndDate as TIME)


Something like this I guess
declare #d1 datetime ='20171220 10:00'
, #d2 datetime = '20171220 12:00'
, #t time ='11:00';
select 'Yes' where #t between cast(#d1 as time) and cast(#d2 as time);


It worked when I tried like below
SELECT *
FROM Table1 T
WHERE CAST(GETDATE() AS TIME) BETWEEN CAST(T.StartDate AS TIME) AND CAST(T.EndDateAS TIME)


CONVERT() to TIME and then back to DATETIME and compare
WHERE CONVERT(DATETIME, CONVERT(TIME, GETDATE()))
BETWEEN T.StartDate AND T.EndDate

Related

SQL Column Concatenation whilst keeping the datatype of first column [duplicate]

In an extract I am dealing with, I have 2 datetime columns. One column stores the dates and another the times as shown.
How can I query the table to combine these two fields into 1 column of type datetime?
Dates
2009-03-12 00:00:00.000
2009-03-26 00:00:00.000
2009-03-26 00:00:00.000
Times
1899-12-30 12:30:00.000
1899-12-30 10:00:00.000
1899-12-30 10:00:00.000

You can simply add the two.
if the Time part of your Date column is always zero
and the Date part of your Time column is also always zero (base date: January 1, 1900)
Adding them returns the correct result.
SELECT Combined = MyDate + MyTime FROM MyTable
Rationale (kudos to ErikE/dnolan)
It works like this due to the way the date is stored as two 4-byte
Integers with the left 4-bytes being the date and the right
4-bytes being the time. Its like doing $0001 0000 + $0000 0001 =
$0001 0001
Edit regarding new SQL Server 2008 types
Date and Time are types introduced in SQL Server 2008. If you insist on adding, you can use Combined = CAST(MyDate AS DATETIME) + CAST(MyTime AS DATETIME)
Edit2 regarding loss of precision in SQL Server 2008 and up (kudos to Martin Smith)
Have a look at How to combine date and time to datetime2 in SQL Server? to prevent loss of precision using SQL Server 2008 and up.

If the time element of your date column and the date element of your time column are both zero then Lieven's answer is what you need. If you can't guarantee that will always be the case then it becomes slightly more complicated:
SELECT DATEADD(day, 0, DATEDIFF(day, 0, your_date_column)) +
DATEADD(day, 0 - DATEDIFF(day, 0, your_time_column), your_time_column)
FROM your_table

This is an alternative solution without any char conversions:
DATEADD(ms, DATEDIFF(ms, '00:00:00', [Time]), CONVERT(DATETIME, [Date]))
You will only get milliseconds accuracy this way, but that would normally be OK. I have tested this in SQL Server 2008.

This worked for me
CAST(Tbl.date as DATETIME) + CAST(Tbl.TimeFrom AS TIME)
(on SQL 2008 R2)

If you're not using SQL Server 2008 (i.e. you only have a DateTime data type), you can use the following (admittedly rough and ready) TSQL to achieve what you want:
DECLARE #DateOnly AS datetime
DECLARE #TimeOnly AS datetime
SET #DateOnly = '07 aug 2009 00:00:00'
SET #TimeOnly = '01 jan 1899 10:11:23'
-- Gives Date Only.
SELECT DATEADD(dd, 0, DATEDIFF(dd, 0, #DateOnly))
-- Gives Time Only.
SELECT DATEADD(Day, -DATEDIFF(Day, 0, #TimeOnly), #TimeOnly)
-- Concatenates Date and Time parts.
SELECT
CAST(
DATEADD(dd, 0, DATEDIFF(dd, 0, #DateOnly)) + ' ' +
DATEADD(Day, -DATEDIFF(Day, 0, #TimeOnly), #TimeOnly)
as datetime)
It's rough and ready, but it works!

If both of your fields are datetime then simply adding those will work.
eg:
Declare #d datetime, #t datetime
set #d = '2009-03-12 00:00:00.000';
set #t = '1899-12-30 12:30:00.000';
select #d + #t
If you used Date & Time datatype then just cast the time to datetime
eg:
Declare #d date, #t time
set #d = '2009-03-12';
set #t = '12:30:00.000';
select #d + cast(#t as datetime)

This was my solution which ignores the date value of the time column
CAST(Tbl.date as DATETIME) + CAST(CAST(Tbl.TimeFrom AS TIME) as DATETIME)
Hope this helps others

Convert the first date stored in a datetime field to a string, then convert the time stored in a datetime field to string, append the two and convert back to a datetime field all using known conversion formats.
Convert(datetime, Convert(char(10), MYDATETIMEFIELD, 103) + ' ' + Convert(char(8), MYTIMEFIELD, 108), 103)

Convert both field into DATETIME :
SELECT CAST(#DateField as DATETIME) + CAST(#TimeField AS DATETIME)
and if you're using Getdate() use this first:
DECLARE #FechaActual DATETIME = CONVERT(DATE, GETDATE());
SELECT CAST(#FechaActual as DATETIME) + CAST(#HoraInicioTurno AS DATETIME)

I had many errors as stated above so I did it like this
try_parse(concat(convert(date,Arrival_date),' ',arrival_time) as datetime) AS ArrivalDateTime
It worked for me.

Finding this works for two dates where you want time from one and date from the other:
declare #Time as datetime = '2021-11-19 12:34'
declare #Date as datetime = '2021-10-10'
SELECT #time + datediff(day, #Time, #Date)

DECLARE #Dates table ([Date] datetime);
DECLARE #Times table ([Time] datetime);
INSERT INTO #Dates VALUES('2009-03-12 00:00:00.000');
INSERT INTO #Dates VALUES('2009-03-26 00:00:00.000');
INSERT INTO #Dates VALUES('2009-03-30 00:00:00.000');
INSERT INTO #Times VALUES('1899-12-30 12:30:00.000');
INSERT INTO #Times VALUES('1899-12-30 10:00:00.000');
INSERT INTO #Times VALUES('1899-12-30 10:00:00.000');
WITH Dates (ID, [Date])
AS (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY [Date]), [Date] FROM #Dates
), Times (ID, [Time])
AS (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY [Time]), [Time] FROM #Times
)
SELECT Dates.[Date] + Times.[Time] FROM Dates
JOIN Times ON Times.ID = Dates.ID
Prints:
2009-03-12 10:00:00.000
2009-03-26 10:00:00.000
2009-03-30 12:30:00.000

To combine date from a datetime column and time from another datetime column this is the best fastest solution for you:
select cast(cast(DateColumn as date) as datetime) + cast(TimeColumn as datetime) from YourTable

SELECT CAST(CAST(#DateField As Date) As DateTime) + CAST(CAST(#TimeField As Time) As DateTime)

Another way is to use CONCATand CAST, be aware, that you need to use DATETIME2(x) to make it work. You can set x to anything between 0-7 7 meaning no precision loss.
DECLARE #date date = '2018-03-12'
DECLARE #time time = '07:00:00.0000000'
SELECT CAST(CONCAT(#date, ' ', #time) AS DATETIME2(7))
Returns 2018-03-12 07:00:00.0000000
Tested on SQL Server 14

simply concatenate both , but cast them first as below
select cast(concat(Cast(DateField as varchar), ' ', Cast(TimeField as varchar)) as datetime) as DateWithTime from TableName;

select s.SalesID from SalesTbl s
where cast(cast(s.SaleDate as date) as datetime) + cast(cast(s.SaleCreatedDate as time) as datetime) between #FromDate and #ToDate

The existing answers do not address the datetime2 datatype so I will add mine:
Assuming that you want to add a time value to a datetime2 value where:
The datetime2 value could contain non-zero time component and/or fractional seconds
The time value could contain the value 23:59:59.9999999 which is 86,399.9999999 seconds, 86,399,999,999.9 microseconds or 86,399,999,999,900 nanoseconds¹
Due to the limitations of dateadd function¹ you must add them in two steps:
Convert the time value to seconds and use dateadd(second, ...)
Extract the nanoseconds from the time value and use dateadd(nanosecond, ...) to add them to the date calculated above
declare #dv datetime2 = '2000-01-01 12:34:56.7890123';
declare #tv time = '23:59:59.9999999';
select dateadd(
nanosecond,
datepart(nanosecond, #tv),
dateadd(
second,
datepart(hour, #tv) * 60 * 60 + datepart(minute, #tv) * 60 + datepart(second, #tv),
#dv
)
);
-- 2000-01-02 12:34:56.7890122
¹ Nanosecond values might not fit in int datatype which dateadd function expects.

SELECT CAST(your_date_column AS date) + CAST(your_time_column AS datetime) FROM your_table
Works like a charm

I ran into similar situation where I had to merge Date and Time fields to DateTime field. None of the above mentioned solution work, specially adding two fields as the data type for addition of these 2 fields is not same.
I created below solution, where I added hour and then minute part to the date. This worked beautifully for me. Please check it out and do let me know if you get into any issues.
;with tbl
as
(
select StatusTime = '12/30/1899 5:17:00 PM', StatusDate = '7/24/2019 12:00:00 AM'
)
select DATEADD(MI, DATEPART(MINUTE,CAST(tbl.StatusTime AS TIME)),DATEADD(HH, DATEPART(HOUR,CAST(tbl.StatusTime AS TIME)), CAST(tbl.StatusDate as DATETIME)))
from tbl
Result: 2019-07-24 17:17:00.000

How can I find out if getDate() is between 2 time(7) timestamps?

I have an application that sends alerts if the temperature exceeds limits, but I only want to send alerts if it happens at certain times of the day.  I'm using time(7) datatype to store those times.  I need it to be flexible enough to cross midnight, so I could have the following times:
time_on  time_off
08:00:00  17:00:00
00:00:00  12:00:00
21:00:00  09:00:00
How can I figure out if CONVERT(time(7), getdate()) is between any of those combinations?

You can do:
select a.*
from alerttimes a
where (time_on <= time_off and cast(getdate() as time) >= time_on and cast(getdate() as time) < time_off) or
(time_on > time_off and cast(getdate() as time) <= time_on and cast(getdate() as time) >= time_off);
This handles the issue with your table, which is that some period include midnight.

You can add TIME to a datetime value. Here we truncate the current GetDate() to midnight via Declare #D datetime = convert(date,GetDate())
Declare #YourTable table (time_on time,time_off time)
Insert Into #YourTable values
('08:00:00','17:00:00'),
('00:00:00','12:00:00'),
('21:00:00','09:00:00'),
('00:00:00','12:00:00'), -- Added for illustration
('12:00:00','00:00:00') -- Added for illustration
Declare #D datetime = convert(date,GetDate())
Select *
From #YourTable
Where GetDate() >= #D+convert(datetime,time_on)
and GetDate() <= #D+convert(datetime,time_off)+case when time_off<=time_on then 1 else 0 end
Returns
time_on time_off
12:00:00.0000000 00:00:00.0000000
My current Datetime was 2017-04-02 18:33:53.803 which did not satisfy any of the original criteria, so I added two records for illustration
Or, if you don't want to declare #D
Select *
From #YourTable
Where GetDate() >= convert(datetime,convert(date,GetDate()))+convert(datetime,time_on)
and GetDate() <= convert(datetime,convert(date,GetDate()))+convert(datetime,time_off)+case when time_off<=time_on then 1 else 0 end

SQL Server Date comparison throws error

Please help on this, how independent query works but comparison is failing for below code,I am trying to compare only dates not time so tried the query like this.
SELECT CAST(getdate() AS DATE)---'2/9/2017 12:00:00 AM'
SELECT CAST('2017/01/15' AS DATE)----'1/15/2017 12:00:00 AM'
SELECT CAST(getdate() AS DATE) > CAST('2017/01/15' AS DATE); -- Error SQLSTATE 42000

You need to put this condition into context. For instance like this
SELECT case when CAST(getdate() AS DATE) > CAST('2017/01/15' AS DATE)
then 1
else 0
end

Try something like this:
DECLARE #nowDate DATE
SELECT #nowDate = CAST(getdate() AS DATE)
DECLARE #otherDate DATE
SELECT #otherDate = CAST('2017/01/15' AS DATE)
SELECT DATEDIFF(DAY, #nowDate, #otherDate)

SELECT CAST(getdate() AS DATE)---'2/9/2017 12:00:00 AM'
SELECT CAST('2017/01/15' AS DATE)----'1/15/2017 12:00:00 AM'
SELECT IIF(CAST(getdate() AS DATE) > CAST('2017/01/15' AS DATE),1,0); --good, you must use iif (or case when ) for predicates

You cannot compare in SELECT, you can use below code to determinate if date is greater or not than current date, or it is today.
DECLARE #DATE NVARCHAR(20) = '2017/01/15'
IF (CAST(getdate() AS DATE) > CAST(#DATE AS DATE))
PRINT 'Selected date is in past'
ELSE IF (CAST(getdate() AS DATE) = CAST(#DATE AS DATE))
PRINT 'Selected date is today'
ELSE
PRINT 'Selected date is in future'

You can try DATEDIFF() to find out difference between 2 dates.
select DATEDIFF( DAY,(CAST('2017/01/15' AS DATE)) ,(CAST(getdate() AS DATE)))

How to differentiate two time timeperiod between two columns?

I wanna know how to differentiate a time period in a day between two columns like in time and out time?

DATEDIFF
DATEDIFF (datepart , startdate , enddate)
The datepart you have mentioend in your question is day. You can use any of day, d and dd
Sample
DECLARE #inTime DATETIME, #outTime DATETIME
SET #inTime = '2015-05-01 12:10:09'
SET #outTime = '2015-05-22 05:15:36'
SELECT DATEDIFF(DAY, #inTime, #outTime) AS timedifferentiate
In a query
SELECT ,inTime
,outTime
DATEDIFF(DAY, inTime, outTime) AS timedifferentiate
FROM yourTable

Just use a minus operator, and convert to time
SELECT
CONVERT(time, -- Note the time datatype range is 00:00:00.0000000 through 23:59:59.9999999
CONVERT(datetime, '2015-04-01 19:03') -- Out time
- CONVERT(datetime, '2015-04-01 09:02') -- In time
) TimeDiff

How to combine date from one field with time from another field - MS SQL Server

In an extract I am dealing with, I have 2 datetime columns. One column stores the dates and another the times as shown.
How can I query the table to combine these two fields into 1 column of type datetime?
Dates
2009-03-12 00:00:00.000
2009-03-26 00:00:00.000
2009-03-26 00:00:00.000
Times
1899-12-30 12:30:00.000
1899-12-30 10:00:00.000
1899-12-30 10:00:00.000

You can simply add the two.
if the Time part of your Date column is always zero
and the Date part of your Time column is also always zero (base date: January 1, 1900)
Adding them returns the correct result.
SELECT Combined = MyDate + MyTime FROM MyTable
Rationale (kudos to ErikE/dnolan)
It works like this due to the way the date is stored as two 4-byte
Integers with the left 4-bytes being the date and the right
4-bytes being the time. Its like doing $0001 0000 + $0000 0001 =
$0001 0001
Edit regarding new SQL Server 2008 types
Date and Time are types introduced in SQL Server 2008. If you insist on adding, you can use Combined = CAST(MyDate AS DATETIME) + CAST(MyTime AS DATETIME)
Edit2 regarding loss of precision in SQL Server 2008 and up (kudos to Martin Smith)
Have a look at How to combine date and time to datetime2 in SQL Server? to prevent loss of precision using SQL Server 2008 and up.

If the time element of your date column and the date element of your time column are both zero then Lieven's answer is what you need. If you can't guarantee that will always be the case then it becomes slightly more complicated:
SELECT DATEADD(day, 0, DATEDIFF(day, 0, your_date_column)) +
DATEADD(day, 0 - DATEDIFF(day, 0, your_time_column), your_time_column)
FROM your_table

This is an alternative solution without any char conversions:
DATEADD(ms, DATEDIFF(ms, '00:00:00', [Time]), CONVERT(DATETIME, [Date]))
You will only get milliseconds accuracy this way, but that would normally be OK. I have tested this in SQL Server 2008.

This worked for me
CAST(Tbl.date as DATETIME) + CAST(Tbl.TimeFrom AS TIME)
(on SQL 2008 R2)

If you're not using SQL Server 2008 (i.e. you only have a DateTime data type), you can use the following (admittedly rough and ready) TSQL to achieve what you want:
DECLARE #DateOnly AS datetime
DECLARE #TimeOnly AS datetime
SET #DateOnly = '07 aug 2009 00:00:00'
SET #TimeOnly = '01 jan 1899 10:11:23'
-- Gives Date Only.
SELECT DATEADD(dd, 0, DATEDIFF(dd, 0, #DateOnly))
-- Gives Time Only.
SELECT DATEADD(Day, -DATEDIFF(Day, 0, #TimeOnly), #TimeOnly)
-- Concatenates Date and Time parts.
SELECT
CAST(
DATEADD(dd, 0, DATEDIFF(dd, 0, #DateOnly)) + ' ' +
DATEADD(Day, -DATEDIFF(Day, 0, #TimeOnly), #TimeOnly)
as datetime)
It's rough and ready, but it works!

If both of your fields are datetime then simply adding those will work.
eg:
Declare #d datetime, #t datetime
set #d = '2009-03-12 00:00:00.000';
set #t = '1899-12-30 12:30:00.000';
select #d + #t
If you used Date & Time datatype then just cast the time to datetime
eg:
Declare #d date, #t time
set #d = '2009-03-12';
set #t = '12:30:00.000';
select #d + cast(#t as datetime)

This was my solution which ignores the date value of the time column
CAST(Tbl.date as DATETIME) + CAST(CAST(Tbl.TimeFrom AS TIME) as DATETIME)
Hope this helps others

Convert the first date stored in a datetime field to a string, then convert the time stored in a datetime field to string, append the two and convert back to a datetime field all using known conversion formats.
Convert(datetime, Convert(char(10), MYDATETIMEFIELD, 103) + ' ' + Convert(char(8), MYTIMEFIELD, 108), 103)

Convert both field into DATETIME :
SELECT CAST(#DateField as DATETIME) + CAST(#TimeField AS DATETIME)
and if you're using Getdate() use this first:
DECLARE #FechaActual DATETIME = CONVERT(DATE, GETDATE());
SELECT CAST(#FechaActual as DATETIME) + CAST(#HoraInicioTurno AS DATETIME)

I had many errors as stated above so I did it like this
try_parse(concat(convert(date,Arrival_date),' ',arrival_time) as datetime) AS ArrivalDateTime
It worked for me.

Finding this works for two dates where you want time from one and date from the other:
declare #Time as datetime = '2021-11-19 12:34'
declare #Date as datetime = '2021-10-10'
SELECT #time + datediff(day, #Time, #Date)

DECLARE #Dates table ([Date] datetime);
DECLARE #Times table ([Time] datetime);
INSERT INTO #Dates VALUES('2009-03-12 00:00:00.000');
INSERT INTO #Dates VALUES('2009-03-26 00:00:00.000');
INSERT INTO #Dates VALUES('2009-03-30 00:00:00.000');
INSERT INTO #Times VALUES('1899-12-30 12:30:00.000');
INSERT INTO #Times VALUES('1899-12-30 10:00:00.000');
INSERT INTO #Times VALUES('1899-12-30 10:00:00.000');
WITH Dates (ID, [Date])
AS (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY [Date]), [Date] FROM #Dates
), Times (ID, [Time])
AS (
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY [Time]), [Time] FROM #Times
)
SELECT Dates.[Date] + Times.[Time] FROM Dates
JOIN Times ON Times.ID = Dates.ID
Prints:
2009-03-12 10:00:00.000
2009-03-26 10:00:00.000
2009-03-30 12:30:00.000

To combine date from a datetime column and time from another datetime column this is the best fastest solution for you:
select cast(cast(DateColumn as date) as datetime) + cast(TimeColumn as datetime) from YourTable

SELECT CAST(CAST(#DateField As Date) As DateTime) + CAST(CAST(#TimeField As Time) As DateTime)

Another way is to use CONCATand CAST, be aware, that you need to use DATETIME2(x) to make it work. You can set x to anything between 0-7 7 meaning no precision loss.
DECLARE #date date = '2018-03-12'
DECLARE #time time = '07:00:00.0000000'
SELECT CAST(CONCAT(#date, ' ', #time) AS DATETIME2(7))
Returns 2018-03-12 07:00:00.0000000
Tested on SQL Server 14

simply concatenate both , but cast them first as below
select cast(concat(Cast(DateField as varchar), ' ', Cast(TimeField as varchar)) as datetime) as DateWithTime from TableName;

select s.SalesID from SalesTbl s
where cast(cast(s.SaleDate as date) as datetime) + cast(cast(s.SaleCreatedDate as time) as datetime) between #FromDate and #ToDate

The existing answers do not address the datetime2 datatype so I will add mine:
Assuming that you want to add a time value to a datetime2 value where:
The datetime2 value could contain non-zero time component and/or fractional seconds
The time value could contain the value 23:59:59.9999999 which is 86,399.9999999 seconds, 86,399,999,999.9 microseconds or 86,399,999,999,900 nanoseconds¹
Due to the limitations of dateadd function¹ you must add them in two steps:
Convert the time value to seconds and use dateadd(second, ...)
Extract the nanoseconds from the time value and use dateadd(nanosecond, ...) to add them to the date calculated above
declare #dv datetime2 = '2000-01-01 12:34:56.7890123';
declare #tv time = '23:59:59.9999999';
select dateadd(
nanosecond,
datepart(nanosecond, #tv),
dateadd(
second,
datepart(hour, #tv) * 60 * 60 + datepart(minute, #tv) * 60 + datepart(second, #tv),
#dv
)
);
-- 2000-01-02 12:34:56.7890122
¹ Nanosecond values might not fit in int datatype which dateadd function expects.

SELECT CAST(your_date_column AS date) + CAST(your_time_column AS datetime) FROM your_table
Works like a charm

I ran into similar situation where I had to merge Date and Time fields to DateTime field. None of the above mentioned solution work, specially adding two fields as the data type for addition of these 2 fields is not same.
I created below solution, where I added hour and then minute part to the date. This worked beautifully for me. Please check it out and do let me know if you get into any issues.
;with tbl
as
(
select StatusTime = '12/30/1899 5:17:00 PM', StatusDate = '7/24/2019 12:00:00 AM'
)
select DATEADD(MI, DATEPART(MINUTE,CAST(tbl.StatusTime AS TIME)),DATEADD(HH, DATEPART(HOUR,CAST(tbl.StatusTime AS TIME)), CAST(tbl.StatusDate as DATETIME)))
from tbl
Result: 2019-07-24 17:17:00.000