I wanted to open a normal and incognito mode together in selenium. I could open two browsers in normal mode but I am not sure how to open the another open in incognito mode in selenium 4.
The below open the 2nd browser window in normal mode where I want this to be opened in incognito mode.
driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.WINDOW).get("URI");
Expected:
1st browser window in normal mode.
2nd browser window in incognito mode.
Actual:
1 browser opened in normal mode.
2nd browser opened in normal mode.
WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--incognito");
WebDriver driver_1 = new ChromeDriver();
driver_1.manage().window().maximize();
driver_1.get("url");
WebDriver driver_2 = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver_2.manage().window().maximize();
driver_2.get("url");
That's one of the special abilities of https://github.com/seleniumbase/SeleniumBase
Here's a test you can run with pytest after doing pip install seleniumbase:
from seleniumbase import BaseCase
class MultipleDriversTest(BaseCase):
def test_multiple_drivers(self):
self.open("data:text/html,<h1>Driver 1</h1>")
driver2 = self.get_new_driver(incognito=True)
self.open("data:text/html,<h1>Driver 2</h1>")
self.switch_to_default_driver() # Driver 1
self.highlight("h1")
self.assert_text("Driver 1", "h1")
self.switch_to_driver(driver2) # Driver 2
self.highlight("h1")
self.assert_text("Driver 2", "h1")
Driver 1 will be regular Chrome. Driver 2 will be incognito Chrome. It easily switches between the two.
So whenever I try to use my Chrome settings (the settings I use in the default browser) by adding
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("user-data-dir=C:\Users\... (my webdriver path)")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="myPath", options=options)
it shows me the error code
SyntaxError: (unicode error) 'unicodeescape' codec can't decode bytes n 16-17: truncated \UXXXXXXXX escape
in my bash. I don't know what that means and I'd be happy for any kind of help I can get. Thanks in advance!
The accepted answer is wrong. This is the official and correct way to do it:
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument(r"--user-data-dir=C:\path\to\chrome\user\data") #e.g. C:\Users\You\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data
options.add_argument(r'--profile-directory=YourProfileDir') #e.g. Profile 3
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'C:\path\to\chromedriver.exe', chrome_options=options)
driver.get("https://www.google.co.in")
To find the profile folder on Windows right-click the desktop shortcut of the Chrome profile you want to use and go to properties -> shortcut and you will find it in the "target" text box.
To get the path, follow the steps below.
In the search bar type the following and press enter
This will then show all the metadata. There find the path to the profile
As per your question and your code trials if you want to open a Chrome Browsing Session here are the following options:
To use the default Chrome Profile:
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("user-data-dir=C:\\Users\\AtechM_03\\AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'C:\path\to\chromedriver.exe', chrome_options=options)
driver.get("https://www.google.co.in")
Note: Your default chrome profile would contain a lot of bookmarks, extensions, theme, cookies etc. Selenium may fail to load it. So as per the best practices create a new chrome profile for your #Test and store/save/configure within the profile the required data.
To use the customized Chrome Profile:
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
options = Options()
options.add_argument("user-data-dir=C:\\Users\\AtechM_03\\AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Profile 2")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'C:\path\to\chromedriver.exe', chrome_options=options)
driver.get("https://www.google.co.in")
Here you will find a detailed discussion on How to open a Chrome Profile through Python
This is how I managed to use EXISTING CHROME PROFILE in php selenium webdriver.
Profile 6 is NOT my default profile. I dont know how to run default profile. It is IMPORTANT not to add -- before chrome option arguments! All other variants of options didnt work!
<?php
//...
$chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
$chromeOptions->addArguments([
'user-data-dir=C:/Users/MyUser/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data',
'profile-directory=Profile 6'
]);
$host = 'http://localhost:4444/wd/hub'; // this is the default
$capabilities = DesiredCapabilities::chrome();
$capabilities->setCapability(ChromeOptions::CAPABILITY, $chromeOptions);
$driver = RemoteWebDriver::create($host, $capabilities, 100000, 100000);
To get name of your chrome profile, go to chrome://settings/manageProfile, click on profile icon, click "Show profile shortcut on my desktop". After that right click on desktop profile icon and go to properties, here you will see something like "C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe" --profile-directory="Profile 6".
Also I recommend you to close all chrome instances before running this code. Also maybe you need to TURN OFF chrome settings > advanced > system > "Continue running background apps when Google Chrome is closed".
None of the given answers were working for me so I researched a bit and now the working code is for is this one. I copied the user dir folder from Profile Path from chrome://version/ and made another argument for the profile as shown below:
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('user-data-dir=C:\\Users\\gupta\\AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data')
options.add_argument('profile-directory=Profile 1')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'C:\Program Files (x86)\chromedriver.exe', options=options)
driver.get('https://google.com')
Are you sure you are meant to be putting in the webdriver path in the user-data-dir argument? That's usually where you put your chrome profile e.g. "C:\Users\yourusername\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\Profile 1\". Also you will need to use either double backslashes or forward slashes in your directory path (both work). You can test if your path works by using the os library
e.g.
import os
os.list("C:\\Users\\yourusername\\AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Profile 1")
will give you the directory listing.
I might also add that occasionally if you manage to crash chrome while running webdriver with a nominated user profile, that it seems to record the crash in the profile and the next time you open chrome, you get the Chrome prompt to restore pages after it exited abnormally. For me personally this had been a bit of headache to deal with and I no longer use a user profile with chromedriver because of it. I could not find a way around it. Other people have reported it here, but none of their solutions seemed to work for me, or were not suitable for my test cases. https://superuser.com/questions/237608/how-to-hide-chrome-warning-after-crash
If you don't nominate a user profile it seems to create a new (blank) temporary one each time it runs
Make sure you've got the path to the profile right, and that you double escape backslashes in said path.
For example, typically the default profile on windows is located at:
"C:\\Users\\user\\AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data\\Default"
I managed to launch my chrome profile using these arguments:
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("--user-data-dir=C:\\Users\\user\\AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data");
options.addArguments("--profile-directory=Profile 2");
WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
You can find out more about the web driver here
You simply have to replace the '\' to '/' in your paths and that'll resolve it.
Get profile name by navigating to chrome://version from your chrome browser (You'll see Profile Path, but you only want the profile name from it (e.g. Profile 1)
Close out all Chrome sessions using the profile you want to use. (or else you will get the following error: InvalidArgumentException)
Now make sure you have the code below (Make sure you replace UserFolder with the name of your userfolder.
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("user-data-dir=C:\\Users\\EnterYourUserFolder\\AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\User Data") #leave out the profile
options.add_argument("profile-directory=Profile 1") #enter profile here
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="C:\\chromedriver.exe", chrome_options=options)
this worked for me 100% and it showed up my selected profile.
import os
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
# path of your chrome webdriver
dir_path = os.getcwd()
user_profile_path = os.environ[ 'USERPROFILE' ]
#if "frtkpr" which is ll be your custom profile does not exist it will be created.
option.add_argument( "user-data-dir=" + user_profile_path + "/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data/frtkpr" )
driver = webdriver.Chrome( dir_path + "/chromedriver.exe",chrome_options=option )
baseUrl = "https://www.facebook.com/"
driver.maximize_window()
driver.get( baseUrl )
My application does not have a login page to get authenticated. It uses my organizational email id (SSO) to authenticate my access to the application. I am using Version 80.0.361.66 (Official build) (64-bit) of Microsoft Edge.
driver = webdriver.Edge()
driver.maximize_window()
selenium version - selenium==3.141.0
This edge session does not use my work profile . It opens a new session because of which my work profile is not loaded and my access to the application is denied. However, I did try to update the version of selenium to use EdgeOptions. But, that didn't work as well. Below is the code :
options = webdriver.EdgeOptions()
options.add_argument("user-data-dir=C:\\Users\\Ajmal.Moideen\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Edge\\User Data")
driver = webdriver.Edge(options=options)
driver.maximize_window()
selenium version=4.0.0a3
Here's how I got it to work - I am using Chromium Edge 85.0.564.51 with Selenium 3.141.0.
Selenium 3.141.0 from pip doesn't seem to support new Chromium-based Edge Webdriver, but Microsoft supplies it in their msedge-selenium-tools package (better documentation here) as mentioned by Matthias' comment on your question.
First, grab the Chromium Edge webdriver here - get the version that matches your version of Edge (go to chrome:version in Edge to see what version you are running). Put the webdriver somewhere convenient, you need to set driverpath below to point to it.
Install the pip packages:
pip install msedge-selenium-tools selenium==3.141
In your code, import the msedge-selenium-tools Webdriver and Options modules and build the webdriver as shown:
from msedge.selenium_tools import Edge, EdgeOptions
...
options = EdgeOptions()
options.use_chromium = True
options.add_argument("--user-data-dir=C:\\Users\\YOUR-USERNAME\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Edge\\User Data")
options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driverpath = 'msedgedriver.exe'
driver = Edge(driverpath, options=options)
Voilà, that should do the trick.
P.S.: Even though chrome:version will show your Profile path with a trailing \Default, don't include that in your --user-data-dir argument above, since the driver seems to append \Default to the end.
DesiredCapabilities capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.chrome();
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments(Arrays.asList("--start-maximized", "allow-running- insecure-content", "ignore-certificate-errors")); capabilities.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
WebDriver webDriver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL("http://www.google.com"), capabilities);
webDriver.findElement.....
I have the above piece of code to start a browser and go to a URL. I did a
1. brew install chromedriver
2. i made sure /usr/local/bin is in the path variable.
3. When i run the above peice of code it fails in find Element giving a null pointer exception.
I am running mac os.. how can i fix the problem. i did lot of work arounds, the same code without capabilities and just giving the chromedriver path was working before.. not sure why i am not able to get it to run..
There are 2 solutions to your problem:
Make sure you want to use RemoteWebDriver. If you do you will want to set up a Selenium Grid with a chrome node. I won't describe how to set it up here, but it is fairly easy to set up a local grid+nodes using docker: https://github.com/SeleniumHQ/docker-selenium
If you do use this, you will need to change the driver to (assuming the grid is on the localhost):
String hubURL = "http://localhost:4444/wd/hub";
WebDriver webDriver = RemoteWebDriver(new URL(hubURL), capabilities);
Or Use the ChromeDriver class instead of RemoteWebDriver:
WebDriver webDriver = new ChromeDriver(capabilities);
Finally, to go to a webpage, you'll need to use the get method on the driver:
webDriver.get(url);
Updating to the latest chrome driver fixed the issue.
I tried to load chrome profile using selenium weDriver. The profile loads fine but it failed when it tries to load the URL.
I noticed that this issue happens when there is another chrome instance open whether or not it was open by webDriver. I have selenium 2.53.1.
System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver","C:\\chromedriver.exe");
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("user-data-dir=C:/Users/useName/AppData/Local/Google/Chrome/User Data");
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
driver.get("www.google.com") // here is where it fails. It works fine if I close all chrome browsers before I run the test
I found a workaround for this issue. I noticed that this issue happens because chromedriver will not be able to launch with the same profile if there is another open instance using the same profile. For example, if chrome.exe is already open with the default profile, chromedriver.exe will not be able to launch the default profile because chrome.exe is already open and using the same profile.
To fix this, you will need to create a separate profile for automation by copying the default profile so that chromedriver.exe and chrome.exe don't share the same default profile.
The default chrome profile is in this location:
C:\Users\yourUserName\AppData\Local\Google\Chrome\User Data\
Copy all files from User Data folder to a new folder and call it AutomationProfile
After you copy the files to the new folder then you can use it for your scripts.
String userProfile= "C:\\Users\\YourUserName\\AppData\\Local\\Google\\Chrome\\AutomationProfile\\";
ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
options.addArguments("user-data-dir="+userProfile);
options.addArguments("--start-maximized");
driver = new ChromeDriver(options);
Make sure you use driver.quit() at the end of your test so that you don't keep chromedriver.exe open
I added the ChromeOption "no-sandbox", and it seemed to help me with a similar issue. Know that this changes how secure your browsing can be. Here's a link that explains it more: https://www.google.com/googlebooks/chrome/med_26.html
var options = new ChromeOptions();
//I had more options added, but this is the example of the argument I referred to
options.AddArgument("no-sandbox");