Comparing the colour of two cell ranges [VBA] - vba

wondering if anyone can help.
I'm a CS teacher and as a part of my current Y10 scheme we're looking at how images are represented by binary. I've created a file that encourages the user to recreate some pixel art based on the binary code provided.
However - now this is where I'm completely stuck - I'm trying to create a macro that allows the user to check whether their colours match what the final result will be. I understand how to compare the two colours, but getting it to work in the large range I have is where it's falling down.
The code I've got so far is:
Function Inc(ByRef i As Long)
i = i + 1
End Function
Sub CompareCellColors()
Dim Rng1 As Range
Set Rng1 = Range("C1:O19")
Dim Rng2 As Range
Set Rng2 = Range("AC1:AO19")
Dim x As Long
x = 0
For Each c1 In Rng1
For Each c2 In Rng2
If c1.Interior.ColorIndex = c2.Interior.ColorIndex Then
Inc x
End If
Next c2
Next c1
If x = 247 Then
Range("A3").Value = True
Else
Range("A3").Value = False
End If
End Sub
I've included my attempt at a workaround (incrementing a variable if they match) but this doesn't work either.
The program compiles and runs, but doesn't accurately compare the two cell ranges (hopefully that explanation makes sense!). The current result of the x increment is 61009, however the selection only has 247 cells.

You are comparing every pixel in Rng1 to every pixel in Rng2 because the loops are nested. I believe what you want is to compare on a more one-to-one basis. Try instead
For a = 1 to 19 'rows
for b = 3 to 13 'columns
If Cells(a, b).Interior.ColorIndex = Cells(a, b + 29).Interior.ColorIndex Then
Inc x
End If
Next b
Next a

Related

Using VBA to find start value, count rows till that value becomes 0 and record result. Repeat for same column until the end of the data reached

I'm a newbie to VBA/coding in general and my usual tactic of sticking bits of pre-written code isn't working for my problem.
I'm looking to create a macro that will do 3 things:
Allow me to find a starting point for the data in a column.
Start counting the number of rows once the cell value has
changed to a constant.
Once the value moves back to the starting point for the count to stop and record the number of cells counted in separate column with positioning of the count in that column at the start point of the count.
Repeat until the end of the data.
For this case the start point will be when the cell has a value of >0.
It will increase to a constant number (300).
Once at 300 the macro will have to count the number of rows that contain the numerical value 300 until the value goes back to 0.
Report count in a separate table on the worksheet with the entry being input at the same relative position in the new table as when the count started from the data.
And finally the loop.
I need to also do a similar count but in the horizontal direction (i.e. counting columns on a row). If anyone can create a code for the vertical/row count problem above I'd really appreciate it if you could annotate it so I can attempt to understand/learn which bits of code carry out each action and thus change it up for horizontal/column count.
I've attached a screenshot of the spreadsheet however as a new user it must be as a link. The blue highlighted table is the data used for the vertical /row count problem I am talking about. The blank table underneath the highlighted table has manually inputted correct answers for the first column of data for what I would like the macro to do in case I haven't accurately described my request.
I have also attached the horizontal table with correct manually inputted answers for row 1 in the separate table for the column count along the row.
Lastly, here is the code that I have written to tackle the problem, however it is very basic and won't run.
Sub Count0()
For Each c In Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("D30:D39")
If c.Value = 0 Then
End If
If c.Value > 0 Then
v = Range(c.Value)
For i = 3 To Rows.Count
If Cells(i, 1).Value <> v Then
MsgBox CStr(i - 2)
End If
Next i
Next c
End Sub
This worked in the limited case I tested (two columns and several rows in different patterns. It's pretty basic--there are more elegant ways to do it.
Sub Count0()
'To hold the current cell
Dim current As Range
'To hold the total number of rows and columns having data
Dim rows As Long
Dim cols As Long
'To iterate across rows and columns
Dim r As Long
Dim c As Long
'Flag/counter variables
Dim found As Long 'Saves row on which first "constant" was found
Dim count As Long 'Saves count of "contants"
'Use SpecialCells method to obtain the maximum number of rows and columns
' that have data.
cols = Worksheets("Sheet1").Cells.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeLastCell).Column
rows = Worksheets("Sheet1").Cells.SpecialCells(xlCellTypeLastCell).Row
'Increment through all columns that have data. This is a bit inefficient
' because it really isn't necessary to go through all the empty cells,
' but it works.
For c = 1 To cols
'Initialize flag/counter
found = 0
count = 0
'Increment through all rows for the current column.
For r = 1 To rows
'Examine the current cell
Set current = Worksheets("Sheet1").Cells(r, c)
'For positive values, save the first row that has the value
' and count the number of values.
If current.Value > 0 Then
If found = 0 Then found = r
count = count + 1
End If
'When the next non-positive value is reached--OR the end of the
' row is reached--and there was a constant found, write the count
' to the next worksheet in the cell corresponding to the row and
' column having the first instance of the constant.
If (current.Value <= 0 Or r = rows) And found > 0 Then
Worksheets("Sheet2").Cells(found, c).Value = count
'Reset the flag/counter
found = 0
count = 0
End If
Next r
Next c
End Sub
I was struggling with what you had written, and ended up doing this in the end. I left you variables for changing the sheets to read from and print to (assuming you can print the results to another sheet- if not it should be easy enough to change).
This should also work for all cells in your range, assuming that there are values in all boxes.
Problems I noted with your original code were:
The first if did nothing
I'm pretty sure you shouldn't use numbers in sub/function names
Dimensioning no variables is a bad idea
Anyway, give me a comment if you need any help (and well done for writing a good first question).
Sub CountZero()
Dim SourceSheet As Worksheet, SummarySheet As Worksheet
Dim CurrentCell As Range
Dim FirstRow As Long, LastRow As Long
Dim FirstColumn As Long, LastColumn As Long
Dim TotalValues As Long
Set SourceSheet = Worksheets("Sheet1")
Set SummarySheet = Worksheets("Sheet2")
FirstRow = 1
LastRow = SourceSheet.Range("A" & rows.count).End(xlUp).row
FirstColumn = 1
LastColumn = SourceSheet.Cells(1, Columns.count).End(xlToLeft).column
For col = FirstColumn To LastColumn
For Rw = FirstRow To LastRow
Set CurrentCell = SourceSheet.Cells(Rw, col)
If CurrentCell <> 0 Then
TotalValues = ProcessSection(CurrentCell)
SummarySheet.Cells(Rw, col).value = TotalValues
Rw = Rw + TotalValues
End If
Next Rw
Next col
End Sub
Function ProcessSection(FirstCellWithValue As Range) As Long
Dim Counter As Long: Counter = 0
Do Until FirstCellWithValue.Offset(Counter, 0).value <> FirstCellWithValue.value
Counter = Counter + 1
Loop
ProcessSection = Counter
End Function
As a small disclaimer, I haven't tested this, let me know if there are problems.

Excel VBA: Find first value in row larger than 0 and sum over following 4 cells

As a complete beginner to VBA Excel, I would like to be able to do the following:
I want to find the first value larger than 0 in a row, and then sum over the following 4 cells in the same row. So
Animal1 0 0 1 2 3 0 1
Animal2 3 3 0 1 4 2 0
Animal3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Results in
Animal1 7
Animal2 11
Animal3 1
Is this possible?
(Your problem description didn't match your examples. I interpreted the problem as one of summing the 4 elements in a row which begin with the first number which is greater than 0. If my interpretation is wrong -- the following code would need to be tweaked.)
You could do it with a user-defined function (i.e. a UDF -- a VBA function designed to be used as a spreadsheet function):
Function SumAfter(R As Range, n As Long) As Variant
'Sums the (at most) n elements beginning with the first occurence of
'a strictly positive number in the range R,
'which is assumed to be 1-dimensional.
'If all numbers are zero or negative -- returns a #VALUE! error
Dim i As Long, j As Long, m As Long
Dim total As Variant
m = R.Cells.Count
For i = 1 To m
If R.Cells(i).Value > 0 Then
For j = i To Application.Min(m, i + n - 1)
total = total + R.Cells(j)
Next j
SumAfter = total
Exit Function
End If
Next i
'error condition if you reach here
SumAfter = CVErr(xlErrValue)
End Function
If your sample data is in A1:H3 then putting the formula =SumAfter(B1:H1,4) in I1 and copying down will work as intended. Note that the code is slightly more general than your problem description. If you are going to use VBA, you might as well make your subs/functions as flexible as possible. Also note that if you are writing a UDF, it is a good idea to think of what type of error you want to return if the input violates expectations. See this for an excellent discussion (from Chip Pearson's site - which is an excellent resource for Excel VBA programmers).
ON EDIT: If you want the first cell greater than 0 added to the next 4 (for a total of 5 cells in the sum) then the function I gave works as is, but using =SumAfter(B1:H1,5) instead of =SumAfter(B1:H1,4).
This is the one of the variants of how you can achieve required result:
Sub test()
Dim cl As Range, cl2 As Range, k, Dic As Object, i%: i = 1
Set Dic = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
For Each cl In ActiveSheet.UsedRange.Columns(1).Cells
For Each cl2 In Range(Cells(cl.Row, 2), Cells(cl.Row, 8))
If cl2.Value2 > 0 Then
Dic.Add i, cl.Value2 & "|" & Application.Sum(Range(cl2, cl2.Offset(, 4)))
i = i + 1
Exit For
End If
Next cl2, cl
Workbooks.Add: i = 1
For Each k In Dic
Cells(i, "A").Value2 = Split(Dic(k), "|")(0)
Cells(i, "b").Value2 = CDec(Split(Dic(k), "|")(1))
i = i + 1
Next k
End Sub
Here is what I would use, I dont know any of the cell placement you have used so you will need to change that yourself.
Future reference this isnt a code writing site for you, if you are new to VBA i suggest doing simple stuff first, make a message box appear, use code to move to different cells, try a few if statments and/or loops. When your comftable with that start using varibles(Booleans, string , intergers and such) and you will see how far you can go. As i like to say , "if you can do it in excel, code can do it better"
If the code doesnt work or doesnt suit your needs then change it so it does, it worked for me when i used it but im not you nor do i have your spread sheet
paste it into your vba and use F8 to go through it step by step see how it works and if you want to use it.
Sub test()
[A1].Select ' assuming it starts in column A1
'loops till it reachs the end of the cells or till it hits a blank cell
Do Until ActiveCell.Value = ""
ActiveCell.Offset(0, 1).Select
'adds up the value of the cells going right and removes the previous cell to clean up
Do Until ActiveCell.Value = ""
x = x + ActiveCell.Value
ActiveCell.Offset(0, 1).Select
ActiveCell.Offset(0, -1).ClearContents
Loop
'goes back to the begining and ends tallyed up value
Selection.End(xlToLeft).Select
ActiveCell.Offset(0, 1).Value = x
'moves down one to next row
ActiveCell.Offset(1, 0).Select
Loop
End Sub

For Each Next loop unexpectedly skipping some entries [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
Excel VBA deleting rows in a for loop misses rows
(4 answers)
Closed 4 years ago.
I have been coding a macro in Excel that scans through a list of records, finds any cells with "CHOFF" in the contents, copying the row that contains it, and pasting those cells into another sheet. It is part of a longer code that formats a report.
It has worked just fine, except that the "For Each" loop has been skipping over some of the entries seemingly at random. It isn't every other row, and I have tried sorting it differently, but the same cells are skipped regardless, so it doesn't seem to be about order of cells. I tried using InStr instead of cell.value, but the same cells were still skipped over.
Do you have any idea what could be causing the code just not to recognize some cells scattered within the range?
The code in question is below:
Dim Rng As Range
Dim Cell As Range
Dim x As Integer
Dim y As Integer
ActiveWorkbook.Sheets(1).Select
Set Rng = Range(Range("C1"), Range("C" & Rows.Count).End(xlUp))
x = 2
For Each Cell In Rng
If Cell.Value = "CHOFF" Then
Cell.EntireRow.Select
Selection.Cut
ActiveWorkbook.Sheets(2).Select
Rows(x).Select
ActiveWorkbook.ActiveSheet.Paste
ActiveWorkbook.Sheets(1).Select
Selection.Delete Shift:=xlUp
y = x
x = y + 1
End If
Next Cell
The For Each...Next loop doesn't automatically keep track of which rows you have deleted. When you delete a row, Cell still points to the same address (which is now the row below the original one, since that was deleted). Then on the next time round the loop, Cell moves onto the next cell, skipping one.
To fix this, you could move Cell up one within the If statement (e.g. with Set Cell = Cell.Offset(-1,0)). But I think this is one of the rare cases where a simple For loop is better than For Each:
Dim lngLastRow As Long
Dim lngSourceRow As Long
Dim lngDestRow As Long
Dim objSourceWS As Worksheet
Dim objDestWS As Worksheet
Set objSourceWS = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets(1)
Set objDestWS = ActiveWorkbook.Sheets(2)
lngLastRow = objSourceWS.Range("C" & objSourceWS.Rows.Count).End(xlUp).Row
lngDestRow = 1
For lngSourceRow = lngLastRow To 1 Step -1
If objSourceWS.Cells(lngSourceRow, 3).Value = "CHOFF" Then
objSourceWS.Rows(lngSourceRow).Copy Destination:=objDestWS.Cells(lngDestRow, 1)
objSourceWS.Rows(lngSourceRow).Delete
lngDestRow = lngDestRow + 1
End If
Next lngSourceRow
This loops backwards (as per Portland Runner's suggestion) to avoid having to do anything about deleted rows. It also tidies up a couple of other things in your code:
You don't need to do any Selecting, and it's better not to (see this question for why)
You can specify a destination within Range.Copy rather than having to do a separate select and paste
You can change the value of a variable "in place" without having to assign it to a second variable first (i.e. x = x + 1 is fine)
you should use Long rather than Integer for variables that contain row numbers, since there are more rows in an Excel spreadsheet than an Integer can handle (at least 65536 compared to 32767 max for an Integer)
Obviously test that it still does what you require!
Try using Selection.Copy instead of Selection.Cut
If you have to remove those lines you can mark the lines (for example writing something in an unused cell) inside the loop and then remove it once finished the main loop.
Regards
I had a similar issue when I was trying to delete certain rows. The way I overcame it was by iterating through the loop several times using the following:
For c = 1 To 100
Dim d As Long: d = 1
With Sheets("Sheet")
For e = 22 To nLastRow Step 1
If .Range("G" & e) = "" Or .Range("I" & e) = "" Then
.Range("G" & e).EntireRow.Delete
.Range("I" & e).EntireRow.Delete
d = d + 1
End If
Next
End With
c = c + 1
Next
So, basically if you incorporate the outer for loop from my code into your code, it should work.

Macro generic formula

I have an Excel sheet with four columns (A-D) as below:
1 XYZ 100 800
2 XYZ 250 820
3 XYZ 500 1100
4 XYZ 4,000 1200
I want to compute the column E values as below :
E1 = (D1-D1)*C1
E2 = (D2-D1)*C1
E3 = (D3-D1)*C1+(D3-D2)*C2
E4 = (D4-D1)*C1+(D4-D2)*C2+(D4-D3)*C3
and so on if there are additional rows
Expected Results: E1=0, E2=2000, E3=100000, E4=185000
Is it possible to generalize this formula? Any help is highly appreciated.
You're not going to be able to generalize this formula in the cell, because the formula needs to grow. Also, there is a character limit for formula in Excel cells (see #pnuts comment, below), so you can't reliably use VBA to "build" the formula because after a certain number of rows, you'll exceed that threshold. And while your use-case may not run in to this limitation, in cases like this I would prefer the simplicity of a UDF over a VBA subroutine that "builds" a long formula string.
You can write a custom function that computes the value by iterating the range. This works on your example data. Place the code in a standard code module.
Public Function GetValue(ByVal clStart As Range, ByVal clEnd As Range) As Variant
'Pass only the cell address for the first cell ("D1") and the last cell ("D4")
Dim rng As Range
Dim r As Range
Dim i As Long
Dim myVal As Double
Application.Volatile
If Not clStart.Column = clEnd.Column Then
'These cells should be in the same column, if not
' display an error
myVal = CVErr(2023)
GoTo EarlyExit
End If
Set rng = Range(clStart.Address, clEnd.Address)
For i = 1 To rng.Rows.Count - 1
Set r = rng.Cells(i)
myVal = myVal + _
((clEnd.Value - r.Value) * r.Offset(0, -1).Value)
Next
EarlyExit:
GetValue = myVal
End Function
quite late, but why couldn't you just use
..
E4 = D4*SUM(C$1:C3)-SUMPRODUCT(C$1:C3,D$1:D3)
..
instead of
E4 = (D4-D1)*C1+(D4-D2)*C2+(D4-D3)*C3
To prevent a performance hit, if it's possible to use temp columns, you could create columns to store partial sums of C and C*D.

Stuck at deleting a record stored in a variant datatype

Ok I have tried these and grasped some view on variants and I have written these code
Sub main()
Dim Vary As Variant
Vary = Sheet1.Range("A1:D11").Value
For i = 1 To UBound(Vary)
For j = i + 1 To UBound(Vary)
If Vary(i, 1) = Vary(j, 1) Then
'I should delete the vary(j,1) element from vary
'in excel sheet we use selection.entirerow.delete
End If
Next j
Next i
End Sub
This is the sample I tried
A B C D
1 somevalues in BCD columns
2
3
1
Now Delete the 4th row don think I'm working for unique records I'm just learning stuff to do and while I was learning variant I am stuck at this point deleting a complete row stored in variant
I have stored (A1:D11).value in variant
Now how can I delete the A6 element or row in variant so that I can avoid it while I copy the variant to some other sheet?
Can I also delete the C AND B columns in variant so that when i do transpose it wont copy the C and B columns?
I don't know what exactly a variant is - I was thinking to take a set of range and do operations like what we do for an excel sheet then take that variant and transpose it back to sheet.
Is that the right way of thinking or did I misunderstand the use of variants?
`variant(k,1)=text(x)` some array shows mismatch ? whats wrong?
If you are planning on using a varray to look at cells in each row to decide if you should delete the row or not, you should loop through your varray backwards, the same way you would if you did a for loop through the cell range. Since you are starting on row 1, the variable i will always equal the row number the element was located on, so you can use that to delete the proper row.
Here's a sample (more simple than what you are trying to do, though) that will delete each row in which the cells in columns A and B are the same.
Sub test()
Dim varray As Variant
varray = Range("A1:B11").Value
For i = UBound(varray, 1) To 1 Step -1
If varray(i, 1) = varray(i, 2) Then
Cells(i, 1).EntireRow.Delete
End If
Next
End Sub
Notes of interest:
UBound(varray, 1) gives the count of the rows
UBound(varray, 2) gives the count of the columns
One workaround without a second array is to introduce a deliberate error into an element you want to replace, then use SpecialCells to delete the cell after dumping the variant array back over the range. This sample introduces an error into the array position corresponding to A6 (outside the loop as its an example), then when the range is dumped to E1, the SpecialCell error removal shifts F6:H6 into E6:G6. ie
pls save before testing - this code will overwrite E6:H11 in the first worksheet
Sub main()
Dim Vary As Variant
Dim rng1 As Range
Set rng1 = Sheets(1).Range("A1:D11")
Set rng2 = rng1.Offset(0, 4)
Vary = rng1.Value2
For i = 1 To UBound(Vary)
For j = i + 1 To UBound(Vary)
'your test here
Next j
Next i
Vary(6, 1) = "=(1 / 0)"
With rng2
.Value2 = Vary
On Error Resume Next
.SpecialCells(xlFormulas, xlErrors).Delete xlToLeft
End With
End Sub