Inserting data into a table from multiple tables - sql

How can I insert data into a table from multiple tables where all the tables have a common prefix as their table name
This is the structure of the table and error table generated by the package (DBMS_ERRLOG.CREATE_ERROR_LOG) :
Name Type
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ACCOUNT_ID VARCHAR2(20)
EFFECTIVE_DTM DATE
ACCOUNT_STATUS VARCHAR2(200)
STATUS_REASON_TXT VARCHAR2(255)
ISVALID NUMBER(1)
Name Type
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORA_ERR_NUMBER NUMBER
ORA_ERR_MESG$ VARCHAR2(2000)
ORA_ERR_ROWID$ ROWID
ORA_ERR_OPTYP$ VARCHAR2(2)
ORA_ERR_TAG$ VARCHAR2(2000)
ACCOUNT_ID VARCHAR2(4000)
EFFECTIVE_DTM VARCHAR2(4000)
ACCOUNT_STATUS VARCHAR2(4000)
STATUS_REASON_TXT VARCHAR2(4000)
ISVALID VARCHAR2(4000)

For starting you can select from all your source tables in union/union all queries if you know all the table names. Otherwise you can use the pl/sql block to use dynamic query to do this task for you.
But it would be easier to state if you provide your table structure and few records and some effort done by you as commented by peers in comment section.
Edit
After getting further clarity on the requirement I would suggest to keep all the other columns (basically entries from the base tables) into one single column - we can use CLOB for this purpose.
you can try something like below -
*** considering err log table as -
create table err_log_tab (
ORA_ERR_NUMBER NUMBER,
ORA_ERR_MESG$ VARCHAR2(2000),
ORA_ERR_ROWID$ ROWID,
ORA_ERR_OPTYP$ VARCHAR2(2),
ORA_ERR_TAG$ VARCHAR2(2000),
table_name varchar2(50),
row_data clob)
Below block can be executed to do so -
DECLARE
l_sql VARCHAR2(4000);
l_col_cnt NUMBER := 0;
BEGIN
FOR l_err_tabs IN (SELECT table_name
FROM user_tab_cols
WHERE table_name LIKE 'ERR$_%'
AND column_name IN ('ORA_ERR_NUMBER',
'ORA_ERR_MESG$',
'ORA_ERR_ROWID$',
'ORA_ERR_OPTYP$',
'ORA_ERR_TAG$')
GROUP BY table_name
HAVING COUNT(*) = 5)
LOOP
l_sql := 'insert into err_log_tab select ORA_ERR_NUMBER,ORA_ERR_MESG$,ORA_ERR_ROWID$,ORA_ERR_OPTYP$,ORA_ERR_TAG$,''' ||
substr(l_err_tabs.table_name,
6) || ''' table_name , to_clob(' || chr(10);
FOR l_cols IN (SELECT column_name
FROM user_tab_cols
WHERE table_name = l_err_tabs.table_name
AND column_id > 5
ORDER BY column_id)
LOOP
l_sql := l_sql || CASE
WHEN l_col_cnt = 1 THEN
'||'',''||'
ELSE
''
END || '''"''||' || l_cols.column_name || '||''"''';
l_col_cnt := 1;
END LOOP;
l_sql := l_sql || ') row_data from ' || l_err_tabs.table_name;
--dbms_output.put_line (l_sql);
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE l_sql;
END LOOP;
END;
/
Please correct me if my understanding with question is going in wrong direction.

Related

How to have XMLForest returning all columns of a table

I have a table with a lot of columns (e.g : Column1, Column 2, Column 3, Column 4, ...)
I'd like to use XMLElement and XMLForest function to generate an XML with each column being a tag.
I'm only able to do this by manually adding each column in the XMLForest :
e.g :
SELECT
XMLElement("ParentTag",
XMLForest(TABLE.Column1,
TABLE.Column2,
TABLE.Column2,
...)
)
FROM ...
Results :
<ParentTag> <Column1>Value1</Column1> <Column2>Value2</Column2> ...</ParentTag>
However i'd like to avoid typing each column as their number could increase in the future.
How can i do something like this ? :
SELECT
XMLElement("ParentTag",
XMLForest(TABLE.*)
)
FROM ...
You can use a PLSQL procedure to get your requirement done. Here in the PLSQL procedure, it would accept a Tablename and then generate the XMLForest and show the result. See below:
-- Creating a type of XMLTYPE
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE Outpt IS TABLE OF XMLTYPE;
/
--Procedure with In parameter as Tablename and out parameter as resultset
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE XM_FOREST (tabnm VARCHAR2, v_out IN OUT Outpt)
AS
var VARCHAR2 (4000);
v_sql VARCHAR2 (4000);
BEGIN
FOR i IN (SELECT cname
FROM col
WHERE tname = tabnm)
LOOP
var := var || ',' || i.cname;
END LOOP;
var := LTRIM (var, ',');
v_sql :=
'select XMLElement("ParentTag",XMLForest('
|| var
|| ' ) ) from '
|| tabnm;
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE v_sql BULK COLLECT INTO v_out;
END;
--------------
--Execution
DECLARE
var_out Outpt := Outpt ();
LCLOB CLOB;
BEGIN
var_out.EXTEND;
XM_FOREST (tabnm => 'EMPLOYEE', v_out => var_out);
FOR i IN 1 .. var_out.COUNT
LOOP
LCLOB := var_out (i).getCLOBVAL ();
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (LCLOB);
END LOOP;
END;
------
--Result
SQL> /
<ParentTag><EMPLOYEE_ID>1</EMPLOYEE_ID><FIRST_NAME>XXX</FIRST_NAME></ParentTag>
<ParentTag><EMPLOYEE_ID>2</EMPLOYEE_ID><FIRST_NAME>YYY</FIRST_NAME></ParentTag>
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
How can i do something like this ? :
SELECT
XMLElement("ParentTag",
XMLForest(TABLE.*)
)
FROM ...
You cannot, you will have to type out all the names individually.
You could generate the query using dynamic SQL
SQL Fiddle
Oracle 11g R2 Schema Setup:
CREATE TABLE table_name (
id NUMBER,
a NUMBER,
b NUMBER,
c NUMBER,
d NUMBER
);
Query 1:
SELECT '
SELECT XMLElement(
"ParentTag",
XMLForest( '
|| LISTAGG( '"' || column_name || '"', ',' )
WITHIN GROUP ( ORDER BY Column_id )
||' ) ) FROM ...' AS query
FROM user_tab_columns
WHERE table_name = 'TABLE_NAME'
Results:
| QUERY |
|-------------------------------------------------------|
| SELECT XMLElement( |
| "ParentTag", |
| XMLForest( "ID","A","B","C","D" ) ) FROM ... |

Iterate through row's columns

I have table with 100 columns with not correlated names (ABC1, DA23, EE123 - there is no common pattern there).
I want to iterate through every row and every column in this table.
My current script:
BEGIN
FOR single_row IN (
SELECT *
FROM MY_TABLE)
LOOP
--iterate through columns of 'single_row'
--for each nullable column do insert with real current column name and column value)
--I assume each column is nullable except of ID
INSERT INTO ANOTHER_TABLE VALUES (single_row.id, column_name, column_value);
END LOOP;
END;
So for example, if MY_TABLE contains 2 rows:
ID|ABC1|DA23|EE123|...
1|123|456|789|...
2|321|654|987|...
After running my script, my ANOTHER_TABLE will contain:
MY_TABLE_ID|COLUMN_NAME|COLUMN_VALUE
1|ABC1|123
1|DA23|456
1|EE123|789
... other columns from row 1
2|ABC1|321
2|DA23|654
2|EE123|987
... other columns from row 2
How I can do this?
I'm using Oracle 11g
EDIT
#vkp provided great solution, but there is one more thing to solve. I don't want to specify all columns in in clause. I would love to use some kind of query there or * or anything else, just to not be forced to list all of them.
I have tried something like this:
select *
from MY_TABLE t
unpivot (
column_value for column_name in (select column_name
from user_tab_columns
where table_name = 'MY_TABLE'
and nullable = 'Y')
) u
but it returns error:
ORA-00904: : invalid identifier
00904. 00000 - "%s: invalid identifier"
This is an application of unpivot.
select *
from my_table m
unpivot (column_value for column_name in (ABC1,DA23,EE123)) u
null values for any of the columns for an id won't be shown in the result.
If you have to include null values in the output, use the option INCLUDE NULLS.
select *
from my_table m
unpivot include nulls (column_value for column_name in (ABC1,DA23,EE123)) u
Edit: To include column names dynamically, use
DECLARE
sql_stmt VARCHAR2(4000);
var_columns VARCHAR2(4000); --use clob datatype if the column names can't fit in with this datatype
BEGIN
SELECT LISTAGG(column_name,',') WITHIN GROUP(ORDER BY column_name)
INTO var_columns
FROM user_tab_columns
WHERE table_name='MY_TABLE' AND column_name<>'ID';
sql_stmt:='select * from my_table m
unpivot
(column_value for column_name in (' || var_columns || ')) u';
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE sql_stmt;
END;
/
First option. With dynamic sql.
declare
v_ctx number;
v_query varchar2(500);
v_total NUMBER;
v_desctab DBMS_SQL.DESC_TAB;
v_column_cnt NUMBER;
v_value varchar2(32767);
v_result clob := '';
v_rownum number := 0;
begin
v_ctx := dbms_sql.open_cursor;
v_query := 'select * from user_objects where rownum < 100';
dbms_sql.parse(v_ctx,v_query,dbms_sql.v7);
v_total := dbms_sql.execute(v_ctx);
DBMS_SQL.DESCRIBE_COLUMNS(v_ctx, v_column_cnt, v_desctab);
for i in 1 .. v_column_cnt loop
dbms_sql.define_column(v_ctx, i, v_value /* data_type varchar2*/, 32767 /* max_length*/);
end loop;
loop
exit when dbms_sql.fetch_rows(v_ctx) = 0;
v_rownum := v_rownum +1;
for i in 1 .. v_column_cnt loop
dbms_sql.column_value(v_ctx, i, v_value);
dbms_output.put_line(v_rownum||' - '||v_desctab(i).col_name||' - '||v_value);
end loop;
end loop;
dbms_sql.close_cursor(v_ctx);
exception
when others then
dbms_sql.close_cursor(v_ctx);
raise;
end;
/
2nd option with xquery.
select t1.id,t2.* from xmltable('for $i in ora:view("<you_table_here>")/ROW
return $i'
columns id FOR ORDINALITY
, row_value xmltype path'.'
) t1
,xmltable('for $i in $row_value/ROW/* return $i'
passing t1.row_value as "row_value"
columns col_index for ORDINALITY ,
column_name varchar2(100) path 'name()',
column_value varchar2(100) path 'text()'
) t2
Here is a simple solution using REF CURSOR.
I've tried this code and it's working at my end.
DECLARE
query_2 VARCHAR2(1000);
TYPE icur IS REF CURSOR;
ic icur;
col_val VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
FOR j IN
(SELECT * FROM user_tab_cols WHERE table_name = UPPER('MY_TABLE'))
LOOP
dbms_output.put_line(j.column_name);
query_2 := 'SELECT ' || j.column_name|| ' FROM MY_TABLE';
OPEN ic FOR query_2;
LOOP
FETCH ic INTO col_val;
EXIT WHEN ic%NOTFOUND;
INSERT INTO ANOTHER_TABLE VALUES( j.column_name, col_val);
END LOOP;
END LOOP;
END;
/

Cursor inside procedure body

I am trying to declare a cursor inside procedure body.
I know it is supposed to be done in the declare block but the table the cursor refers is created inside the procedure body.
--TABLE MAY OR MAY NOT BE PRESENT PRIOR TO PROCEDURE EXECUTION
SELECT COUNT(*)
INTO ln_cnt
FROM User_Tables
WHERE table_name = 'TMP$UOM_COMBO_GEN';
IF ln_cnt > 0 THEN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE ' CREATE TABLE TMP$UOM_COMBO_GEN (UOM_ID VARCHAR2(20 BYTE), HIER_CODE VARCHAR2(20 BYTE),NODE_CODE VARCHAR2(200 BYTE))';
END IF;
CURSOR C_HIER
IS
SELECT DISTINCT HIER_CODE FROM TMP$UOM_COMBO_GEN WHERE UOM_ID=P_UOM_ID;
FOR HIER IN C_HIER
LOOP
IF C_HIER%ROWCOUNT = 1 THEN
LV_SQL2 := '(SELECT UOM_ID, NODE_CODE '||HIER.HIER_CODE||' FROM TMP$UOM_COMBO_GEN WHERE UOM_ID='''||P_UOM_ID||''' AND HIER_CODE='''||HIER.HIER_CODE||''')'||HIER.HIER_CODE;
LV_SORT := ' ORDER BY '||HIER.HIER_CODE||'';
LV_SQL := 'SELECT * FROM ' || LV_SQL2;
ELSE
LV_SQL3 := ' LEFT OUTER JOIN(SELECT NODE_CODE '||HIER.HIER_CODE||' FROM TMP$UOM_COMBO_GEN WHERE UOM_ID='''||P_UOM_ID||''' AND HIER_CODE='''||HIER.HIER_CODE||''')'||HIER.HIER_CODE ||' ON 1=1';
LV_SORT := LV_SORT||','||HIER.HIER_CODE||'';
LV_SQL := LV_SQL || LV_SQL3;
END IF;
END LOOP;
I am getting the following error.
Error(17,10): PLS-00103: Encountered the symbol "C_HIER" when expecting one of the following: := . ( # % ;
Well a table once created is stored in database and u can refer it from wherever u want to refer in the schema .
Also there a change may be required in your code in the following part
SELECT COUNT(*)
INTO ln_cnt
FROM User_Tables
WHERE table_name = 'TMP$UOM_COMBO_GEN';
IF ln_cnt > 0 THEN -- means only if table exists u want to create the table which will
--throw an exception if table is already there ,
--so better equate it to 0
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE ' CREATE TABLE TMP$UOM_COMBO_GEN (UOM_ID VARCHAR2(20 BYTE), HIER_CODE VARCHAR2(20 BYTE),NODE_CODE VARCHAR2(200 BYTE))';
END IF;
Now , if u really have a requirement to create a new table every time some condition is true/false and u then want to select the table in a cursor do something like following by using reference cursors
create or replace procedure abc(Table_name varchar2 , param_list varchar2 , where_clause varchar2) is
c_hier sys_refcursor ;
LV_SQL2 varchar2(2000) ;
LV_SORT varchar2(2000) ;
LV_SQL varchar2(2000) ;
LV_SQL3 varchar2(2000) ;
begin
SELECT COUNT(*)
INTO ln_cnt
FROM User_Tables
WHERE table_name = Table_name; -- Use any table here
IF ln_cnt = 0 THEN
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE ' CREATE TABLE '||Table_name||' '||param_list;
END IF;
open c_hier for 'SELECT DISTINCT '||param_list||' FROM '||table_name||' '||where_clause;
FOR HIER IN C_HIER
LOOP
IF C_HIER%ROWCOUNT = 1 THEN
LV_SQL2 := '(SELECT UOM_ID, NODE_CODE '||HIER.HIER_CODE||' FROM TMP$UOM_COMBO_GEN WHERE UOM_ID='''||P_UOM_ID||''' AND HIER_CODE='''||HIER.HIER_CODE||''')'||HIER.HIER_CODE;
LV_SORT := ' ORDER BY '||HIER.HIER_CODE||'';
LV_SQL := 'SELECT * FROM ' || LV_SQL2;
ELSE
LV_SQL3 := ' LEFT OUTER JOIN(SELECT NODE_CODE '||HIER.HIER_CODE||' FROM TMP$UOM_COMBO_GEN WHERE UOM_ID='''||P_UOM_ID||''' AND HIER_CODE='''||HIER.HIER_CODE||''')'||HIER.HIER_CODE ||' ON 1=1';
LV_SORT := LV_SORT||','||HIER.HIER_CODE||'';
LV_SQL := LV_SQL || LV_SQL3;
END IF;
END LOOP;

Query for particular integer value from multiple columns with number datatype

I try to search a number from multiple columns (datatype number), but get ORA-01722: invalid number error.
My Query:
SELECT *
FROM CAMPAIGN
WHERE 1481125 IN (select column_name
from all_tab_columns
where table_name = 'CAMPAIGN'
AND data_type = 'NUMBER');
What is wrong with it?
You are comparing your number 1481125 with the names of the each column, not the values of each column in your table.
To go from a column's name (from dba_tab_columns) to the values in that column, you need to use some form of dynamic SQL. Here's a relatively simple example:
DECLARE
-- Since I don't have your CAMPAIGN table or data, I'm using DBA_OBJECTS in it's place.
l_table_name VARCHAR2 (30) := 'DBA_OBJECTS';
l_search_number NUMBER := 20; -- 1481125 in your example
l_record dba_objects%ROWTYPE;
l_sql VARCHAR2 (32000);
l_column_number NUMBER := 0;
l_cur SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
-- First: build dynamic SQL statement of the form:
-- SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE
-- ( ( col_name_a = 20 ) OR ( col_name_b = 20 ) OR ... )
l_sql := 'SELECT * FROM dba_objects WHERE ( ';
FOR r_number_column IN (SELECT column_name
FROM dba_tab_columns
WHERE table_name = l_table_name
AND data_type = 'NUMBER'
ORDER BY column_id) LOOP
IF l_column_number > 0 THEN
l_sql := l_sql || ' OR ';
END IF;
l_column_number := l_column_number + 1;
l_sql := l_sql || '(' || r_number_column.column_name || ' = ' || l_search_number || ')';
END LOOP;
IF l_column_number = 0 THEN
-- No number columns in table, so there should be no matches
l_sql := l_sql || ' 1=0';
END IF;
l_sql := l_sql || ')';
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (l_sql);
OPEN l_cur FOR l_sql;
LOOP
FETCH l_cur INTO l_record;
EXIT WHEN l_cur%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ('Object Name ' || l_record.object_name || ' has search number ' || l_search_number);
END LOOP;
END;
Your query is:
SELECT * FROM CAMPAIGN WHERE 1481125 IN
(select column_name from all_tab_columns where table_name = 'CAMPAIGN' AND data_type='NUMBER')
Breaking that down we have:
SELECT * FROM CAMPAIGN WHERE 1481125 IN (<a set of numbers>)
and the subquery:
select column_name from all_tab_columns
where table_name = 'CAMPAIGN'
AND data_type='NUMBER'
That subquery is going to return a list of column names e.g.
CAMPAIGN_COUNT
CAMPAIGN_ID
CAMPAIGN_NUMBER_OF_SOMETHINGS
Your query is thus equivalent to:
SELECT * FROM CAMPAIGN WHERE 1481125 IN
('CAMPAIGN_COUNT', 'CAMPAIGN_ID', 'CAMPAIGN_NUMBER_OF_SOMETHINGS')
You can see why you would get the ORA-01722 error there?
You would need to write dynamic SQL to achieve your aim.

How to select columns from a table which have non null values?

I have a table containing hundreds of columns many of which are null, and I would like have my select statement so that only those columns containing a value are returned. It would help me analyze data better. Something like:
Select (non null columns) from tablename;
I want to select all columns which have at least one non-null value.
Can this be done?
Have a look as statistics information, it may be useful for you:
SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('SCOTT','EMP');
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> select num_rows from all_tables where owner='SCOTT' and table_name='EMP';
NUM_ROWS
----------
14
SQL> select column_name,nullable,num_distinct,num_nulls from all_tab_columns
2 where owner='SCOTT' and table_name='EMP' order by column_id;
COLUMN_NAME N NUM_DISTINCT NUM_NULLS
------------------------------ - ------------ ----------
EMPNO N 14 0
ENAME Y 14 0
JOB Y 5 0
MGR Y 6 1
HIREDATE Y 13 0
SAL Y 12 0
COMM Y 4 10
DEPTNO Y 3 0
8 rows selected.
For example you can check if NUM_NULLS = NUM_ROWS to identify "empty" columns.
Reference: ALL_TAB_COLUMNS, ALL_TABLES.
Use the below:
SELECT *
FROM information_schema.columns
WHERE table_name = 'Table_Name' and is_nullable = 'NO'
Table_Name has to be replaced accordingly...
select column_name
from user_tab_columns
where table_name='Table_name' and num_nulls=0;
Here is simple code to get non null columns..
I don't think this can be done in a single query. You may need some plsql to first test what columns contain data and put together a statement based on that information. Of course, if the data in your table changes you have to recreate the statement.
declare
l_table varchar2(30) := 'YOUR_TABLE';
l_statement varchar2(32767);
l_test_statement varchar2(32767);
l_contains_value pls_integer;
-- select column_names from your table
cursor c is
select column_name
,nullable
from user_tab_columns
where table_name = l_table;
begin
l_statement := 'select ';
for r in c
loop
-- If column is not nullable it will always contain a value
if r.nullable = 'N'
then
-- add column to select list.
l_statement := l_statement || r.column_name || ',';
else
-- check if there is a row that has a value for this column
begin
l_test_statement := 'select 1 from dual where exists (select 1 from ' || l_table || ' where ' ||
r.column_name || ' is not null)';
dbms_output.put_line(l_test_statement);
execute immediate l_test_statement
into l_contains_value;
-- Yes, add column to select list
l_statement := l_statement || r.column_name || ',';
exception
when no_data_found then
null;
end;
end if;
end loop;
-- create a select statement
l_statement := substr(l_statement, 1, length(l_statement) - 1) || ' from ' || l_table;
end;
select rtrim (xmlagg (xmlelement (e, column_name || ',')).extract ('//text()'), ',') col
from (select column_name
from user_tab_columns
where table_name='<table_name>' and low_value is not null)
This block determines all columns in the table, loops through them in dynamic SQL and checks if they are null, then constructs a DBMS output query of the non-null query.
All you have to do is run the returned query.
I've included the exclusion of PKs and BLOB columns.
Obviously, this is quite slow as going through columns one by one, and it's not going to be great for very hot tables, as data may change too quickly, but this works for me as I control traffic in dev env.
DECLARE
l_table_name VARCHAR2(255) := 'XXXX';
l_counter NUMBER;
l_sql CLOB;
BEGIN
FOR r_col IN (SELECT *
FROM user_tab_columns tab_col
WHERE table_name = l_table_name
AND data_type NOT IN ('BLOB')
AND column_name NOT IN (SELECT column_name
FROM user_cons_columns con_col
JOIN user_constraints cons ON con_col.constraint_name = cons.constraint_name AND con_col.table_name = cons.table_name
WHERE con_col.table_name = tab_col.table_name
AND constraint_type = 'P')
ORDER BY column_id)
LOOP
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'SELECT COUNT(1) FROM '||l_table_name||' WHERE '||r_col.column_name||' IS NOT NULL'
INTO l_counter;
IF l_counter > 0 THEN
IF l_sql IS NULL THEN
l_sql := r_col.column_name;
ELSE
l_sql := l_sql||','||r_col.column_name;
END IF;
END IF;
END LOOP;
l_sql := 'SELECT '||l_sql||CHR(10)
||'FROM '||l_table_name;
----------
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(l_sql);
END;
What you're asking to do is establish a dependency on each row in the whole result. This is in fact not ever what you want. Just think of the ramifications if in one row every column had a value of '0' -- suddenly the schema of your result set grows to include all of those previously "empty" columns. You're effectively growing the badness of '*' exponentially, now your result set is not dependent on just the table's meta-data -- but your whole result set is dependent on the plain data.
What you want to do is just select the fields that have what you want, and not deviate from this simple plan.