I am working on migrating a MS Access Database over to a newer SQL platform.
But, with all of the users who are currently using it, we're migrating slowly/carefully.
The first step is that we are re-writing the VBA code into C#, which is then deployed in a .dll along with the database.
Now, the VBA code calls into the C# to do the business logic, then the VBA continues to do the displays/UI, while Access still hosts the database.
The problem comes in that I have a report that is being run after the business logic from the C# in one place, and apparently MS Access has a cache, which clears every 5 seconds. So, the transaction that occurs in the C# code writes to the database, but the VBA code is still using the cache. This is causing errors, as the records added to the database (which the VBA report is trying to report on) don't exist in the cache yet...
I'm guessing that the C# .dll must be getting treated as a "second connection" to the MS Access database, which is what seems to typically cause this error in my searches (thinks that one process is writing, and the other is reading).
Since the cache is cleared out every 5 seconds, we can just put the process to sleep, and wake it up after 5 seconds, and then run the report, but that's pretty terrible for an end user.
And, making things difficult, the cache seems like it only gets used in the deployed version (so, when running from source / in debug mode, the error never happens).
Doing some searches, there seems to be plenty of people who have said "just refresh the cache." But, the question is: within VBA, how do you refresh the cache?
Any advice would be welcome.
Thanks
I've been fighting the same issue for years as I write a lot of tools around an old Powerbuilder application that has an Access MDB back end.
The cache does exist and it is VERY real. When data is inserted on a different connection than it is queried on, the cache can be directly observed and measured. It was also documented by Microsoft before they blackholed a bunch of their old articles...
Microsoft Jet has a read-cache that is updated every PageTimeout milliseconds (default is 5000ms = 5 seconds). It also has a lazy-write mechanism that operates on a separate thread to main processing and thus writes changes to disk asynchronously. These two mechanisms help boost performance, but in certain situations that require high concurrency, they may create problems.
I've found a couple workarounds that are not the best, but somewhat make due until I find something better or can re-write the app with a better back end database.
The seemingly best answer I've found (that may actually work for you since you say you need VBA) is to use JRO.RefreshCache. I've been trying to figure out how to implement this using C# or VB.net without any luck. Below is a link to a code example where you execute the RefreshCache method on your 2nd connection that needs to pull the data. I have not tested this myself.
https://documentation.help/MSJRO/jrmthrefreshcachex.htm
A workaround I've found that will deliver the query results within 500ms to 1000ms of insert time (instead of anywhere between 500 and 5000 ms - or more):
Use System.Data.ODBC instead of OleDB, with connection string: Driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb, *.accdb)};Dbq=;
If someone knows how to use the JRO.RefreshCache method with OLEDB and C# or VB.net, I'd be forever grateful. I believe the issue is it's looking for an ADO connection to be passed in, not an OLEDB connection.
I not aware of ANY suggesting that some 5 second cache exits? Where did this idea come from????
Furthermore, if you have 5 users, then you not going to be able to update their cache, are you?
In other words, the issue of some cache for one user still not going to solve or work with mutli-users anyway, is it?
The simple matter is if you load up a form with 100 reocrds, and then other users are ALSO working on that 100 rows, then all users will not see other changes until such time you tell access to re-load the form.
You can do this with a me.Refresh in the form, and then it will show changes made by other users (or even your c# code!!!).
However, that not really the soluion here.
How does near EVERY system deal with this issue?
Answer:
You don't, you "design" the software to take the user work flow into account.
So, in place of loading up a form with 100 rows of data? (which you should not, unless SUPER DUPER reason exists for doing that).
The you provide a UI in which the user FIRST searches for whatever it is they want to work on.
In other words, say you just booked a user on a tour. Now, they call the office back, and want to change some details of that tour. But, a different tour staff might pick up the phone. So, now a 2nd user opens the tour?
So, you solve that issue by NOT loading all the tours into that form in the first place.
you provide a search screen, so they can search for the user, find the user, maybe type in a invoice number or whatever.
You display the results in a pick list, and then launch the form to the ONE record (and perhaps detail records from child tables).
So there no concpet of a cache in Access anymore then there is in c#.
However, if you load up a datatable in c#, and then display that data?
Well, what about the other users on that system. They will not see changes to that data ANY MORE then the current access form.
So, if you want to update some data in c#? Then fine, but you need/want to do two things:
First, before you call any c# code that may update the current form reocrd? You need to FORCE a data save of that current record BEFORE you call any code, be it VBA code, or c# code that going to update that current reocrd the user is working on.
You can in Access save the current reocrd in MANY different ways, but the typical approach is:
' single record save - current record
if me.dirty then me.dirty = false
' VBA or c# code goes here.
' optional refresh the current form to reflect changes
me.Refresh
So, in most cases, it is the "design" of your software that will solve this issue.
For example, in the tour example, or in fact ANY system, the user can't work, can't update, and can't do their job UNLESS they first find/search and have a means to bring up that form + record data in the first place.
So, ANY typical good design will:
Ask the user for that name, invoce number or whatever.
Display the results of the search, and THEN allow the user to pick the record/data to work on. When they are done, they close that form and are RIGHT BACK to the search form to do battle with the next customer or task or phone call or whatever.
So, a search form might look like this:
In above, I typed in smi, and then displayed a pick list.
The user can further type in say part of the first name, and thus now get this:
So, maybe they type in a invoice number, customer number, booking number or whatever.
So, you display the results, and then they can select the row or "thing" to work on.
thus, we click on the row (or above glasses button), and then jump to the ONE record.
so, the user does whatever they have to do with the customer. Now, when done, they close the ONE thing, the ONE main reocrd.
This not only saves the data (so others in the office can now use that booking data), but it also means the data is saved. and they are NOW right back at the search screen, ready to do battle with the next customer.
So, not only does this mean we have a VERY bandwith friednly design (we only pull the one main reocrd into that form), but it also is better for work flow.
The Access form's cache thus becomes a non issue, since we only dealing with the one record.
And as I pointed out, if the system is multi-user, then you NOT going to be able to udpate and deal with multiple users cached data anyway, are you?
Think of ANY system you EVER used from a software point of view.
When you use google, does it download the WHOLE internet, and then you use ctrl-f to search megs and megs of data in the browser?
Nope!
you search first, get a list of that search, and THEN pick one!!
And when that list is display, maybe others on the internet are udpateing, and add new data - but if that was cached in your browser, then it would not work!!!
And same goes for a desktop accounting system. You don't load up all accounts, and THEN have the user go ctrl-f to search all the data. You search for the customer, invoice number and PICK ONE to work on.
And it does not make sense to load up a form with 1000 customers, and then go ctrl-f to find that customer. Same goes for a instant banking machine. It does not download ALL customers and THEN let you search. It asks you FIRST to get what you need. So, be it browser based, desktop based, or JUST ABOUT ANY software you use?
You quite much elminate the cache issue, since not pre-loading boatloads of data, but asking and letting the user search for the data they need.
So, in regards to the Access form data and cache?
If you are on a form, and call VBA code, or c# code or whatever?
If that code update the current form, you have NO MORE OR LESS of a issue when calling VBA code, or c# code!!!! If that code updates the current form, and the reocrd is dirty (has pending edits), then you get that message about the current form's reocrd having been udpated by another user!!!
So, your cache issue does NOT IN ANY WAY exist MORE or LESS as a issue in typical Access software.
As a genreal rule, if you are on a form with pending edits, and say want to pop up some form to edit releated data?
You have to ensure that pending edits are SAVED before you launch an form that can edit the same data, or run code that can/may edit that data.
As a result, ZERO cache issues should exist, and they no more or no less exist when calling sql or VBA update code in a form then calling some c# code from that form.
So, write the pending update for that form.
Then run your VBA, SQL, or c# code.
And then do a me.Refresh to display any changes made by those external routines.
there is no documetjion, or ANY article I can find that suggests some kind of 5 seocnd cache or update - it is a urban myth, and your software challenge here in regards to use c# or VBA, or even SQL server stored procedures?
They are all the same issue, and I dare say that often access is used as a front end to SQL server, and ALL OF the SAME issues exist when using SQL server with ms-access.
I have a form with a button which opens a new form to add a new record to a table.
In Access on my PC (full version), everything works.
When I try to run it on a server with Access Runtime, I get an error saying something like:
this application has stopped working due to a runtime-error. The
application will now be closed
(I have the Dutch version, so I hope this comes close to the English dialog box message).
I debugged the VBA, but that doesn't seem to be the problem.
It has worked before:
Private Sub Knop62_Click()
DoCmd.OpenForm "Machines Toevoegen", , , , acFormAdd, _
acDialog, OpenArgs:=Me.Installaties_Id
End Sub
Well any un-handled error in the runtime will spit out the error message, and then as you experienced exit the application.
there are a good number of ways to approach this:
Improve error handling - make sure you don't encounter any un-handled error. I find this can be a LOT of work.
Another way? Compile your application down to a accDE. When you use a accDE, not only does the runtime ignore errors, not only does it NOT shut down?
It also means that all of your local and global variables are NEVER re-set. so global vars, and even global reocrdsets or anything else will retain their values, and do so even with errors. As a result:
Your application runs like a un-stoppable fright train.
Your local and even global variables retain their values. This allows use of application wide settings and variables that never re-set. And no re-sets ever occur even for un-handled errors. They remain intact for the given session (since the time the application was launched).
So, I would try running your application as a accDE on that server. It will not only become vastly more reliable, but it will also not shutdown on un-expected errors and even better it will retain the value of variables even when having encountered errors.
So it looks like you have some un-handed error. You can go on a treasure hunt to find this error, or just try a accDE in the meantime, and perhaps in the new years you might eventually track down the error or issue. But until then, just compile your application as a accDE.
To compile:
First, from VBA editor (just hit ctrl-g). And from the menu bar choose debug->compile. You MUST ensure that no compile errors exist before the next step.
If above compiles, then from UI (main ribbon), go file->Save and publish
From that panel, choose Make ACCDE.
Access will compile your application into a "access executable". Now try running this application with a accDE file extension on the other computer.
I am rewriting an application for printing shipping labels that we have been using for many years, because over those many years, many programmers have added bits and pieces to it, and it has become harder and harder to maintain.
While considering design choices, I came across catching the application's StartUp event in ApplicationEvents.vb, which I thought would be a good choice for this application because the main form is only displayed if there are more than 10 labels to print at a time (displays a progress bar if so, but mostly it does one label at a time and as such the progress bar isn't desired).
Now, whether this is a good choice I'm not sure, but while playing around with it I have found a need to exit the application from this event if certain criteria aren't met (invalid command line args, network directory not found in expected location, and a few other criteria). I have been unsuccessful in figuring out how to exit from the application if something like the above were to occur. The only thing close I have found is setting the StartupEventArgs.Cancel to True, but the documentation states that this only stops the main form from loading and if set to true should point code on a different processing path.
Is there a "proper" way to exit the application in the StartUp event? I've tried using My.Application.Shutdown which doesn't exist, and RaiseEvent ShutDown() which gives the error "Derived classes cannot raise base class events."
Linked here is the main doc I have been using for research (and the related links on the linked page):
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/t4zch4d2(VS.80).aspx
You can use End to immediately kill the process, note that:
This will prematurely kill the process
Any files being written to can become corrupted
Any other activity related to the program will be terminated
To protect against file corruption, you could use a subroutine that 'finishes up' and then terminates the program, for example:
Private Sub finishUp()
[..close files, forms, here..]
End
End Sub
I did this myself for a gameserver program I made a couple of months ago; the program needed to note in the SQL database the startup and shutdown times. I made it log the shut-down time in a subroutine similar to the one above.
Note that the same subroutine could (and probably should) be used when you need the program to close at any other time.
I had a split database working fine on a clients machine for over 2 years. Due to unknown circumstances the database became corrupted. And was fixed by the removal of a couple of corrupted records.
The front end has now began to produce the following errors:
2147352567
2448
These errors will be thrown individually when a user performs a certain action.
How can it be that these errors have suddenly started to show themselves up when before everything was working fine?
Without wanting to bog down this question with code, the premise of the forms when the error occurs are that:
A form is open and an excel spreadsheet may also be open that relates
to that record.
On save/close of the excel spreadsheet a corresponding field in the database record is updated.
The user decides to 'Update Excel Spreadsheet' or 'Save and Close'
The errors occur on Before_Update events on the access form
Is there any reason that these errors might have started occurring in what appeared to be a perfectly working system?
Thanks in advance for any assistance.
I have resolved the issue by including in the code an appropriate update record:
If Me.Dirty = True then
Me.Dirty = False
End if
Still don't understand how the errors began to arise though after the DB became corrupted? The forms/buttons/actions would have been used daily by the users during their working week for over 2 years.
I have created a database/app where a report is created when a particular button is clicked. just now, two people managed to hit the button at exactly the same time, which caused all sorts of not-good.
Is there a way to make a button invisible across instances once it's clicked by one person? Or some way to lock the database so nothing can be done until the person who clicked first is done?
I have a solution (basically, a global check variable that stops the report creation) but now I want to know if either of the other two options can be done.
It would really help to know more about your architecture here. What database? What language have you written your application in? Concurrent reading is usually an important and basic feature of most multi-user databases.
Seconding Daniel Cook's general notion, maybe explicating a bit: don't have the button run the report directly. Have it run a little subroutine that first checks a special purpose table where you represent report "runs" with a new record that has a start date-time and an end date-time. If there is a record sitting in the table with no (null) end-date, then the report must still be running, therefore, do NOT begin report, turn off button instead. Else, insert into that same table and then start running the report. Add to this a periodic, not-too-frequent callback on that button to perform the same check, and you've got something that comes close, but isn't "realtime", but should work in most architectures (not knowing anything about session management capabilities).
Here's what I did:
If DLookup("PayLock", "table", "pkID=1") Then 'it's locked - exit
MsgBox "Someone else has already started the pay process.", vbOKOnly
Exit Sub
Else
blah blah blah......
The "PayLock" field in the table holds the check variable. After "Else" comes the actual code to run when the button is clicked.
Just FYI, since they were asked:
it is split database
there are multiple users
yes, the report just reads data and exports it into an excel spreadsheet.
It looks like this is the only solution, which works, but seems inelegant. I keep discovering that the way I get around my lack of knowledge is the actual way to do it...