I just installed Home-brew and now I'm trying to insert the home-brew directory at the top of my path environment variable by typing in two commands inside my terminal. My questions are these:
What is a path environment variable?
Are the two codes provided me correct?
echo "export Path=/usr/local/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile && source ~/.bash_profile
After this I am to type in brew doctor. Nothing is happening as far as I can see.
Can anyone offer me some advice or direction?
I installed brew in my new Mac M1 and ask me to put /opt/homebrew/bin in the path, so the right command for this case is:
echo "export PATH=/opt/homebrew/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile && source ~/.bash_profile
TL;DR
echo "export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile && source ~/.bash_profile
is what you want.
To answer your first question; in order to run (execute) a program (executable) the shell must know exactly where it is in your filesystem in order to run it. The PATH environment variable is a list of directories that the shell uses to search for executables. When you use a command that is not built into the shell you are using the shell will search through these directories in order and will execute the first matching executable it finds.
For example when you type: mv foo bar the shell is almost certainly actually using an executable located in the /bin directory. Thus fully the command is
/bin/mv foo bar
The PATH environment variable therefore saves you some extra typing. You can see what is in your PATH currently (as you can with all environment variables) by entering:
echo $<NAME OF VARIABLE>
So in this instance:
echo $PATH
As I mentioned earlier, ordering is important. Adding /usr/local/bin to the beginning of PATH means that the shell will search there first and so if you have an executable foo in that folder it will be used in preference to any other foo executables you may have in the folders in your path. This means that any executables you install with brew will be used in preference to the system defaults.
On to your second question. What the command you have provided is trying to do is add a line to your .bash_profile and then source it. The .bash_profile is a text file stored in your home directory that is sourced (read) every time bash (your shell) starts. The mistake in the line you've provided is that only the first letter of PATH is capitalised. To your shell Path and PATH are very different things.
To fix it you want:
echo "export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bash_profile && source ~/.bash_profile
To explain
echo "export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH"
simply prints or echoes what follows to stdout, which in the above instance is the terminal. (stdout, stderr and stdin are very important concepts on UNIX systems but rather off topic) Running this command produces the result:
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/opt/local/sbin:/opt/local/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/opt/X11/bin
on my system because using $PATH within double quotes means bash will substitute it with its value. >> is then used to redirect stdout to the end of the ~/.bash_profile file. ~ is shorthand for your home directory. (NB be very careful as > will redirect to the file and overwrite it rather than appending.)
&& means run the next command is the previous is successful and
source ~/.bash_profile
simply carries out the actions contained in that file.
As per the latest documentation, you need to do this:
echo 'eval "$(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' >> /home/dhruv/.bashrc
eval "$(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)"
Now you should be able to run brew from anywhere.
When you type in a program somewhere and click enter, it checks certain locations to see if that program exists there.
Linux brew uses locations different from the normal linux programs, so we are adding these locations to the ~/.profile file which sets the paths.
Run this in your terminal, and it will place the correct code in the .profile file, automatically.
echo "eval \$($(brew --prefix)/bin/brew shellenv)" >>~/.profile
Don't use .bash_profile because when you use something different from bash, like zsh, it may not work. .profile is the correct location.
Related
I know -P is used to execute a cmake script file. But I don't want create a file for a simple logic. I want to execute statement like this:
cmake "if(foo) do_something endif()"
The reason I want this feature is that I want to use if/else in add_custom_target and add_custom_command to execute some command according to whether a CMAKE variable is defined.
Finally I got a good solution to this. Now describe as follows.
Let's say I want to add two targets, whose aim are to create docker images and upload to remote repository when issuing make images and make publish. I use VERSION , GIT_COMMIT and PATCH to compose an image tag. GIT_COMMIT can be obtained from git log by using execute_process, and I need to pass newer VERSION and PATCH from command line every time I want to create images. (But if I don't plan to create, they won't be given)
So the complete statements are like this:
execute_process(COMMAND git log --pretty=format:%h -n 1 OUTPUT_VARIABLE GIT_COMMIT)
set(DOCKER_CERBERUS_URL "docker-registry.com/db/cerberus:${VERSION}-${GIT_COMMIT}.${PATCH}")
add_custom_target(images
COMMENT "Creating docker images ..."
# clean the cache
COMMAND rm -f CMakeCache.txt # important !
# if VERSION and PATCH are not given, don't build it
COMMAND /bin/sh -c "if [ x${VERSION} != x -a x${PATCH} != x ]; then docker build -t ${DOCKER_CERBERUS_URL} ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/docker/; fi"
DEPENDS cerberus
VERBATIM )
add_custom_target(publish
COMMENT "Uploading images ..."
COMMAND docker push ${DOCKER_CERBERUS_URL}
DEPENDS images )
Then every time I want to create or publish with newer version number and patch number, I use cmake .. -DVERSION=xxx -DPATCH=xxx, make images or make publish.
There's something which may be strange. When I first issue cmake .. -DVERSION=xxx -DPATCH=xxx, then make images, sh command will be executed. Then I issue make images again, sh command will not be executed. My guess is: in the first run of make images, cmake will first load variable from CMakeCache.txt into memory, then sh command can get variables's value from memory, and at this time CMakeCache.txt has been deleted. So in the second run, the variables have no value.
I'm on a Windows machine using Git 2.7.2.windows.1 with MinGW 64.
I have a script in C:/path/to/scripts/myScript.sh.
How do I execute this script from my Git Bash instance?
It was possible to add it to the .bashrc file and then just execute the entire bashrc file.
But I want to add the script to a separate file and execute it from there.
Let's say you have a script script.sh. To run it (using Git Bash), you do the following: [a] Add a "sh-bang" line on the first line (e.g. #!/bin/bash) and then [b]:
# Use ./ (or any valid dir spec):
./script.sh
Note: chmod +x does nothing to a script's executability on Git Bash. It won't hurt to run it, but it won't accomplish anything either.
#!/usr/bin/env sh
this is how git bash knows a file is executable. chmod a+x does nothing in gitbash. (Note: any "she-bang" will work, e.g. #!/bin/bash, etc.)
If you wish to execute a script file from the git bash prompt on Windows, just precede the script file with sh
sh my_awesome_script.sh
if you are on Linux or ubuntu write ./file_name.sh
and you are on windows just write sh before file name like that sh file_name.sh
For Linux -> ./filename.sh
For Windows -> sh file_name.sh
If your running export command in your bash script the above-given solution may not export anything even if it will run the script. As an alternative for that, you can run your script using
. script.sh
Now if you try to echo your var it will be shown. Check my the result on my git bash
(coffeeapp) user (master *) capstone
$ . setup.sh
done
(coffeeapp) user (master *) capstone
$ echo $ALGORITHMS
[RS256]
(coffeeapp) user (master *) capstone
$
Check more detail in this question
I had a similar problem, but I was getting an error message
cannot execute binary file
I discovered that the filename contained non-ASCII characters. When those were fixed, the script ran fine with ./script.sh.
Once you're in the directory, just run it as ./myScript.sh
If by any chance you've changed the default open for .sh files to a text editor like I had, you can just "bash .\yourscript.sh", provided you have git bash installed and in path.
I was having two .sh scripts to start and stop the digital ocean servers that I wanted to run from the Windows 10. What I did is:
downloaded "Git for Windows" (from https://git-scm.com/download/win).
installed Git
to execute the .sh script just double-clicked the script file it started the execution of the script.
Now to run the script each time I just double-click the script
#!/bin/bash at the top of the file automatically makes the .sh file executable.
I agree the chmod does not do anything but the above line solves the problem.
you can either give the entire path in gitbash to execute it or add it in the PATH variable
export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/the/script
then you an run it from anywhere
I have a Arduino Yun and want setup the server for Yun.
So what I want is to copy a folder that contain a py file and a index.html to my Yun
I used mac terminal to do this operation
the command looks like this
scp -r /Users/gudi/Desktop/LobsterHeartRate root#192.168.240.1:/mnt/sda1
and then terminal asked for the password
after I typed, it shows
scp: /mnt/sda1/LobsterHeartRate: Not a directory
I didn't type /mnt/sda1/LobsterHeartRate why it shows this error
Your code
scp -r /Users/gudi/Desktop/LobsterHeartRate root#192.168.240.1:/mnt/sda1
requires that the remote directory /mnt/sda1 exists. This looks like it is not true in your case. Check it using ssh root#192.168.240.1 ls /mnt/sda1.
scp is simple tool and it does not allow you to rename directories on the fly and the target directory must exists. You might try
scp -r /Users/gudi/Desktop/LobsterHeartRate root#192.168.240.1:/mnt/
ssh root#192.168.240.1 mv /mnt/LobsterHeartRate /mnt/sda1
or so, if it will suit your needs. But copying more files, rsync is usually more suitable. Check its manual page and give it a try next time.
As #Jens Höpken notes, your post is a bit sparse. But trying to read between the lines of your post I suspect that LobsterHeartRate is a DIRECTORY on your local system but a FILE named LobsterHeartRate in your target system. This might be happening right at the top of the directory tree, or perhaps you have directories/files of the same name further down the tree. scp -rv might help resolve any confusions here.
Beware: scp -r resolves symbolic links. If you want to preserve symlinks you need to do something else. For historic reasons I use the following, though cpio with a find front-end opens up interesting possibilities for fine-grained file selections.
( cd /Users/gudi/Desktop && tar -cf - LobsterHeartRate ) |
ssh root#192.168.240.1 'cd /mnt/sda1 && tar -xf -'
For a safe "dry run" you could change the -xf to a -tf. The && chains are required to prevent bad things from happening if any prior command fails.
Disclaimer: any debugging is left as an exercise for the student.
I already know how they work, for example ~/Library/Application\ Support.
But thats not the problem, lets say i have a script that removes a file through terminal
Rm -rf /path/
I want a prompt so that i can choose the file to remove, heres the code for that
set thePath to POSIX path of (choose folder with prompt "prompt")
I have done that, and when i want to perform rm -rf on ~/Desktop/Delete this file/
It says
~/Desktop/Delete file not found
~/Desktop/this file not found
And so on, I'm not typing it in myself because i just choose a folder, but for some reason applescriptobjtc doesn't know how to handle spaces itself why? How would i run the rm -rf command on a path with spaces in it?
Try:
set thePath to quoted form of POSIX path of (choose folder with prompt "prompt")
Are you running the rm shell command inside a do shell script command in Applescript? If so, show your do shell script line, which is where the problem is.
Most likely, you simply need to specify the quoted form of thePath.
set thePath to (choose folder with prompt "prompt")
do shell script "rm " & (quoted form of POSIX path of thePath)
I just finished writing my very first command-line tool in Objective-C, compiled it, and now I'm curious about how one would go about making it executable as a command.
For example, right now to use the program I have to type in ./filename -args into Terminal. I'd like to be able to only type in filename and execute the program.
I tried using sudo chmod a+x filename but no go.
sudo cp filename /usr/local/bin/
Or add the directory containing filename into $PATH. Like as all other UNIX-derived OSs.