I have 3 SQL-Statements that I would like to combine into just one so I dont have to make multiple requests to my database from my programm (java).
My DB is PostgreSQL 9.4
First one creates a new user in umgmt_users
INSERT INTO umgmt_users ("user") VALUES ('test1')
Second one gets the id of that user (db is postgres and id data type is serial, so it get assigned automatically with me/the programm not knowing what id the user will get
SELECT umgmt_users.id
FROM umgmt_users
WHERE umgmt_users.user = 'test1'
Thrird is to add the just created user with his id (which I need the second statement for) and some other values into a different table
INSERT INTO
umgmt_user_oe_fac_role ("user_id", "oe_id", "fac_id", "role_id")
VALUES ('ID OF USER test1 created in first statement', '1', '2', '1');
Is there a way to get all three Statements into one?
create user
look up the ID he got assigned
insert his ID + other values into a different table
I'm not that good at SQL, I tried to put brackets around the select and put it into the insert & also looked at UNION and WITH but can not get it to work...
EDIT: Ended up using this solution from a_horse_with_no_name
with new_user as (
INSERT INTO umgmt_users ("user") VALUES ('test1')
returning id
)
INSERT INTO umgmt_user_oe_fac_role (user_id, oe_id, fac_id, role_id)
SELECT id, 1, 2, 1
FROM new_user;
All you need is two inserts:
INSERT INTO umgmt_users ("user") VALUES ('test1');
INSERT INTO umgmt_user_oe_fac_role (user_id, oe_id, fac_id, role_id)
VALUES (lastval(), 1, 2, 1);
In order for lastval() to work correctly there must be no other statement between the two inserts and the have to be run in a single transaction (so autocommit needs to be turned off)
Alternatively you can use a data modifying CTE which is then executed as a single statement:
with new_user as (
INSERT INTO umgmt_users ("user") VALUES ('test1')
returning id
)
INSERT INTO umgmt_user_oe_fac_role (user_id, oe_id, fac_id, role_id)
SELECT id, 1, 2, 1
FROM new_user;
Please don't put numbers in single quotes.
The answer to this is : It's impossible to combine these into a single plain vanilla ANSI SQL statement.
The first and third ones talk about two different tables altogether.
The second one is a Select Statement which is a different type of statement from the other two.
Related
Given a users and a roles table, I want to write an SQL statement, which inserts a new row into the users table and associates a row of the roles table with it.
This is what I have tried:
INSERT INTO users(firstname, lastname) VALUES ('John', 'Smith') RETURNING id;
INSERT INTO roles(role, user_id)
VALUES ('ROLE_USER', id);
The id used in the last line is not yet associated with the return value of the first line. Can someone explain to me how I could store the return type of the first line inside a variable and then use it in my last line?
I have come across the DECLARE keyword, but I am not sure this works with every kind of database. I am using a postgres DB. When using DECLARE #VariableName, the # gets marked as wrong syntax in my db-migrate script.
You can use a data modifying CTE:
with new_user as (
INSERT INTO users(firstname, lastname)
VALUES ('John', 'Smith')
RETURNING id
)
INSERT INTO roles(role, user_id)
SELECT 'ROLE_USER', id
FROM new_user;
I've created sequence by following statement:
CREATE SEQUENCE MAIN.MY_SEQUENCE START WITH 1 INCREMENT BY 1 CACHE 50;
And table by following statement:
CREATE TABLE MAIN.EMPLOYEES(
ID INTEGER NOT NULL,
NAME VARCHAR(512),
EMAIL VARCHAR(254),
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
)
Now when I try to insert a new record by using following statement:
INSERT INTO MAIN EMPLOYEES (ID, NAME, EMAIL)
VALUES (MAIN.MY_SEQUENCE.NEXTVAL, 'Name 1', 'email1#example.com') UNION ALL
VALUES (MAIN.MY_SEQUENCE.NEXTVAL, 'Name 2', 'email2#example.com')
I get an error:
"NEXTVAL FOR MAIN.MY_SEQUENCE.NEXTVAL" cannot be specified in this context.. SQLCODE=-348, SQLSTATE=428F9, DRIVER=4.17.30
When I try to insert a single row everything works fine.
I have found a list of restrictions on using NEXT VALUE here but here not mentioned my case or I couldn't find it.
My question is it possible to insert multiple rows by using ID from sequence, and if yes, how can I achieve it?
It does list your case. The documentation contains this:
The NEXT VALUE expressions cannot be specified in the following contexts:
...
•SELECT statement for which the outer SELECT is combined with another SELECT statement using a set operator such as UNION, EXCEPT, or INTERSECT
....
(emphasis mine) This statement isn't exhaustive, and because UNION ALL is considered a set operation, the operation is excluded.
This should be fixable - I'm a little surprised you wrote the statement the way you did; DB2 allows you to comma-separate data rows. That is, the following should be valid:
INSERT INTO MAIN.EMPLOYEES (ID, NAME, EMAIL)
VALUES (MAIN.MY_SEQUENCE.NEXTVAL, 'Name 1', 'email1#example.com'),
(MAIN.MY_SEQUENCE.NEXTVAL, 'Name 2', 'email2#example.com')
i'm trying to make sqlite query that can insert multiple values , here's my query that i try :
insert into table1(idy_table1,idx_table1)
values ('1', //specified value insert to idy_table1
(select id_table2 from table2)) //insert value from select id_table2
i'm having some trouble, it just only insert one value,
and my question is how to make a proper query? so i can make it work.
The VALUES clause always adds one row.
(Except when you're using multiple tuples, but this does not work with queries.)
The easiest way to add multiple rows from a query is to use the SELECT form of the INSERT statement:
INSERT INTO Table1(idy_table1, idx_table1)
SELECT '1', id_table2 FROM table2;
I switch between Oracle and SQL Server occasionally, and often forget how to do some of the most trivial tasks in SQL Server. I want to manually insert a row of data into a SQL Server database table using SQL. What is the easiest way to do that?
For example, if I have a USERS table, with the columns of ID (number), FIRST_NAME, and LAST_NAME, what query do I use to insert a row into that table?
Also, what syntax do I use if I want to insert multiple rows at a time?
To insert a single row of data:
INSERT INTO USERS
VALUES (1, 'Mike', 'Jones');
To do an insert on specific columns (as opposed to all of them) you must specify the columns you want to update.
INSERT INTO USERS (FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME)
VALUES ('Stephen', 'Jiang');
To insert multiple rows of data in SQL Server 2008 or later:
INSERT INTO USERS VALUES
(2, 'Michael', 'Blythe'),
(3, 'Linda', 'Mitchell'),
(4, 'Jillian', 'Carson'),
(5, 'Garrett', 'Vargas');
To insert multiple rows of data in earlier versions of SQL Server, use "UNION ALL" like so:
INSERT INTO USERS (FIRST_NAME, LAST_NAME)
SELECT 'James', 'Bond' UNION ALL
SELECT 'Miss', 'Moneypenny' UNION ALL
SELECT 'Raoul', 'Silva'
Note, the "INTO" keyword is optional in INSERT queries. Source and more advanced querying can be found here.
Here are 4 ways to insert data into a table.
Simple insertion when the table column sequence is known.
INSERT INTO Table1 VALUES (1,2,...)
Simple insertion into specified columns of the table.
INSERT INTO Table1(col2,col4) VALUES (1,2)
Bulk insertion when...
You wish to insert every column of Table2 into Table1
You know the column sequence of Table2
You are certain that the column sequence of Table2 won't change while this statement is being used (perhaps you the statement will only be used once).
INSERT INTO Table1 {Column sequence} SELECT * FROM Table2
Bulk insertion of selected data into specified columns of Table2.
.
INSERT INTO Table1 (Column1,Column2 ....)
SELECT Column1,Column2...
FROM Table2
I hope this will help you
Create table :
create table users (id int,first_name varchar(10),last_name varchar(10));
Insert values into the table :
insert into users (id,first_name,last_name) values(1,'Abhishek','Anand');
For example, "person" table has "id" IDENTITY column as shown below:
CREATE TABLE person (
id INT IDENTITY, -- Here
name NVARCHAR(50),
age INT,
PRIMARY KEY(id)
)
Then, we don't need to manually put a value to "id" IDENTITY column when inserting a row:
INSERT INTO person VALUES ('John', 27) -- The value for "id" is not needed
And, we can also insert multiple rows without the values for "id" IDENTITY column:
INSERT INTO person VALUES ('John', 27), ('Tom', 18)
From my code (Java) I want to ensure that a row exists in the database (DB2) after my code is executed.
My code now does a select and if no result is returned it does an insert. I really don't like this code since it exposes me to concurrency issues when running in a multi-threaded environment.
What I would like to do is to put this logic in DB2 instead of in my Java code.
Does DB2 have an insert-or-update statement? Or anything like it that I can use?
For example:
insertupdate into mytable values ('myid')
Another way of doing it would probably be to always do the insert and catch "SQL-code -803 primary key already exists", but I would like to avoid that if possible.
Yes, DB2 has the MERGE statement, which will do an UPSERT (update or insert).
MERGE INTO target_table USING source_table ON match-condition
{WHEN [NOT] MATCHED
THEN [UPDATE SET ...|DELETE|INSERT VALUES ....|SIGNAL ...]}
[ELSE IGNORE]
See:
http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/db2luw/v9/index.jsp?topic=/com.ibm.db2.udb.admin.doc/doc/r0010873.htm
https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/SS6NHC/com.ibm.swg.im.dashdb.sql.ref.doc/doc/r0010873.html
https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/blogs/SQLTips4DB2LUW/entry/merge?lang=en
I found this thread because I really needed a one-liner for DB2 INSERT OR UPDATE.
The following syntax seems to work, without requiring a separate temp table.
It works by using VALUES() to create a table structure . The SELECT * seems surplus IMHO but without it I get syntax errors.
MERGE INTO mytable AS mt USING (
SELECT * FROM TABLE (
VALUES
(123, 'text')
)
) AS vt(id, val) ON (mt.id = vt.id)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET val = vt.val
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (id, val) VALUES (vt.id, vt.val)
;
if you have to insert more than one row, the VALUES part can be repeated without having to duplicate the rest.
VALUES
(123, 'text'),
(456, 'more')
The result is a single statement that can INSERT OR UPDATE one or many rows presumably as an atomic operation.
This response is to hopefully fully answer the query MrSimpleMind had in use-update-and-insert-in-same-query and to provide a working simple example of the DB2 MERGE statement with a scenario of inserting AND updating in one go (record with ID 2 is updated and record ID 3 inserted).
CREATE TABLE STAGE.TEST_TAB ( ID INTEGER, DATE DATE, STATUS VARCHAR(10) );
COMMIT;
INSERT INTO TEST_TAB VALUES (1, '2013-04-14', NULL), (2, '2013-04-15', NULL); COMMIT;
MERGE INTO TEST_TAB T USING (
SELECT
3 NEW_ID,
CURRENT_DATE NEW_DATE,
'NEW' NEW_STATUS
FROM
SYSIBM.DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT
2 NEW_ID,
NULL NEW_DATE,
'OLD' NEW_STATUS
FROM
SYSIBM.DUAL
) AS S
ON
S.NEW_ID = T.ID
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET
(T.STATUS) = (S.NEW_STATUS)
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT
(T.ID, T.DATE, T.STATUS) VALUES (S.NEW_ID, S.NEW_DATE, S.NEW_STATUS);
COMMIT;
Another way is to execute this 2 queries. It's simpler than create a MERGE statement:
update TABLE_NAME set FIELD_NAME=xxxxx where MyID=XXX;
INSERT INTO TABLE_NAME (MyField1,MyField2) values (xxx,xxxxx)
WHERE NOT EXISTS(select 1 from TABLE_NAME where MyId=xxxx);
The first query just updateS the field you need, if the MyId exists.
The second insertS the row into db if MyId does not exist.
The result is that only one of the queries is executed in your db.
I started with hibernate project where hibernate allows you to saveOrUpdate().
I converted that project into JDBC project the problem was with save and update.
I wanted to save and update at the same time using JDBC.
So, I did some research and I came accross ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE :
String sql="Insert into tblstudent (firstName,lastName,gender) values (?,?,?)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
firstName= VALUES(firstName),
lastName= VALUES(lastName),
gender= VALUES(gender)";
The issue with the above code was that it updated primary key twice which is true as
per mysql documentation:
The affected rows is just a return code. 1 row means you inserted, 2 means you updated, 0 means nothing happend.
I introduced id and increment it to 1. Now I was incrementing the value of id and not mysql.
String sql="Insert into tblstudent (id,firstName,lastName,gender) values (?,?,?)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
id=id+1,
firstName= VALUES(firstName),
lastName= VALUES(lastName),
gender= VALUES(gender)";
The above code worked for me for both insert and update.
Hope it works for you as well.