So this is my function which is meant to read the lines of text from a file.
This is extracted from a larger program hence some of the comments may seem out of place. Anyways I need to use the functions text and file_lines in numerous other functions but even after declaring them as global I still get the UnboundLocalError: local variable 'file_lines' referenced before assignment error and I don't know what to do.
import sys
text = []
case = ''
file_lines = []
def read_file(file): # function to read a file and split it into lines
global text #sets variable text as a global variable for use in multiple locations
global case #handles case sensitivity.
try: #tests the statement after colon
open(file)
except:
print('oops no file found bearing that name')
else:
while file == '': #if the file name is blank print error, this prevents program from crashing
print ('error')
filename = input('enter a file and its extension ie file.ext\n>>')
with open(file) as f : #opens filewith name
text = f.read() #read all lines of program text.
print ("file successfully read")
print('TEXT SENSITIVITY TURNED ON !!!!!!')
text = text.split('\n')# breaks lines in file into list instead of using ".readlines"
# so that the program doesn't count blank lines
case == True
global file_lines
file_lines = text
a function that tries to use the read_lines variable would be
def find_words(words):
line_num = 0 # to count the line number
number_of_word = 0
if case == False:
words = words.lower()
file_lines = [file_lines.lower() for file_lines in text]
while "" in file_lines:
file_lines.remove('')
for lines in file_lines:
line_num += 1
if words in lines: #checks each for the words being looks for
print(line_num,"...", text[line_num-1])
number_of_word = 1
if number_of_word == 0: #to check if the word is located in the file
print('Words not found')
In your function find_words you forgot to specify that find_lines is global. Try
def find_words(words):
global file_lines
line_num = 0 # to count the line number
The function errors because file_lines is not defined within the scope of find_words otherwise.
Related
I am a beginner in programming, and I found it difficult to overcome this problem, which is represented in the Android application that runs the Python code
The code works fine. But when I add while Ture, the screen stops. What is the cause of the problem? Thank you
script python
Is there a suggestion about this problem?
def main(CodeAreaData):
file_dir = str(Python.getPlatform().getApplication().getFilesDir())
filename = join(dirname(file_dir), 'file.txt')
try:
original_stdout = sys.stdout
sys.stdout = open(filename, 'w', encoding = 'utf8', errors="ignore")
exec(CodeAreaData) # it will execute our code and save output in file
sys.stdout.close()
sys.stdout = original_stdout
output = open(filename, 'r').read()
sys.stdout.close()
except Exception as e:
sys.stdout = original_stdout
output = e
return str(output)
my code kotlin
```kotlin
val py = Python.getInstance()
//here we call our script with the name "myscirpt
//here we call our script with the name "myscirpt
val pyobj = py.getModule("myscript") //give python script name
//and call main method inside script...//pass data here
//and call main method inside script...//pass data here
val obj = pyobj.callAttr("main", editor.text.toString())
println(obj)
If you're adding a while true statement, then the screen should stop. That will lead to an infinite loop. A while loop runs until the condition evaluates to false. Here is more info about that:
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/how-to-use-while-true-in-python/
In my TACL, I'm trying to create a variable used as input to an SQLCI command. I want to use a LIKE clause with a % as a wildcard. Every time it replaces the % with a ? causing the SQL statement to not return the desired results.
Code snippitz:
?TACL macro
#Frame
#Set #informat plain
#Set #outformat pretty
#Push stoprun DC fidata var1 mailmast sqlvol sqlsvol IsOpen EMLFile ans emlline
#Push mailfile mfile likeit charaddr sqlin sqlout test
[#Def True text |body|-1]
[#Def False text |body|0]
Intervening code cut out to reduce length - the cutout code works
== select <program name> from <full mailmast filename> where mm_file_prefix
== like "<likename>%" for browse access;
[#If Not [StopRun]
|then|
#Setv test "~%"
#Set #trace -1
#Set SqlIn select mm_program_name from [mailmast] where mm_file_prefix
#appendv sqlin "like ""[LikeIt]~%"" for browse access;"
SQLCI/Inv Sqlin,outv sqlout/
] == end of if
When I run the code, I display the variables, and it has replaced the % with ?
-TRACE-
-19-st 1 v
Invoking variable :MAILMAST.1
#Set SqlIn select mm_program_name from $DATA5.SQL2510.MAILMAST where mm_file_p
refix
-TRACE-
-20-
#appendv sqlin "like ""[LikeIt]
^
-TRACE-
-20-
Invoking variable :LIKEIT.1
#appendv sqlin "like ""ED?"" for browse access;"
-TRACE-
-20-d test
?
-22-st 1 v
SQLCI/Inv Sqlin,outv sqlout/
-TRACE-
-23-d sqlin
select mm_program_name from $DATA5.SQL2510.MAILMAST where mm_file_prefix
like "ED?" for browse access;
-24-
Since the % is not there as a wildcard, this SQL statement fails to bring up the proper record.
The question is, how do I put a % into a TACL variable and not get it changed to a ?
Edited to replace duplicate code with the start of the TACL Macro - MEH
I really don't like answering my own question because that looks like I was just setting things up to make me look smart, but in continuing my research while waiting, I found the answer. See code snippitz below:
?TACL macro
#Frame
#Set #informat plain
#Set #outformat pretty
#Push stoprun DC fidata var1 mailmast sqlvol sqlsvol IsOpen EMLFile ans emlline
#Push mailfile mfile likeit charaddr sqlin sqlout test
[#Def True text |body|-1]
[#Def False text |body|0]
[#Def ascii struct
Begin
BYTE byt0 value 37;
CHAR pcent REDEFINES byt0;
End;
] == end of struct
Note the addition of the struct. This is to be able to assign a byte a decimal value of 37 (%) and redefine it as a character to be used in the like statement.
== select <program name> from <full mailmast filename> where mm_file_prefix
== like "<likename>%" for browse access;
[#If Not [StopRun]
|then|
#Set test [ascii:pcent]
#Set #trace -1
#Set SqlIn select mm_program_name from [mailmast] where mm_file_prefix
#append sqlin like "[LikeIt][ascii:pcent]" for browse access;
SQLCI/Inv Sqlin,outv sqlout/
] == end of if
Note the use of the struct [ascii:pcent] and this does work.
Thanks to all who read my question.
I don't quite have an answer but I'm narrowing it down. Somehow I'm mixing/confusing types, I believe, between what is provided by commands like 'os.path' and type str().
As I've made the assignment of the logfile(s) globally, even though I can print it in the function, when the variable is used in fout = open(... it's actually a null that's being referenced, i.e. open() doesn't like/can't use the type it finds.
The error:
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'fout' referenced before assignment
I am simply writing a log of dot files (left on USB drives by OSX) for deletion, but the try/except is now falling over. First the original version.
working code:
logFile = "/Users/dee/Desktop/dotFile_names.txt"
try:
fout = open(logFile, 'w')
for line in dotFile_names:
fout.write(line)
except IOError as e:
print ("Error : %s not found." % fout)
finally:
fout.close()
Attempting better practice, I sought to put the log file specs and path as variables so they can be modified if need be - I hope to make it cross platform workable. these variables are at the head of the program, i.e. not in main(), but I pass them in and print() statements have shown me they are successfully being referenced. i.e. I get this printed:
/Users/dee/Desktop/dotFile_names.txt
Despite this the error I get is:
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'fout' referenced before assignment -
error points at the "fout.close()" line
Error producing code
logFilespec = "dotFile_names.txt"
fullLogFileSpec = []
userDesktop = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), 'Desktop')
fullLogFilespec = os.path.join(userDesktop, logFilespec)
try:
print "opening " + fullLogFilespec
fout = open(fullLogFileSpec, 'w')
for line in dotFile_names:
print "..", # are we executing this line..?
fout.write(line)
except IOError as e:
print ("Error : %s not found." % fout)
finally:
print "\nclosing " + fullLogFilespec
fout.close()
I've found that if I modify this line by converting to a string
fout = open(fullLogFileSpec, 'w')
fout = open(str(fullLogFileSpec), 'w')
the error goes away, BUT NO file is created on the Desktop!
At the very least I guess that I am passing something unrecognisable to fout = open() but it is not being caught by the except. Then when I pass something that does seem to allow fout =open() to work it seems to be a ghost?
So I figure I am lost between a String and whatever kind of reference/pointer os.path.expanduser() gives me.
I'm sure it's insanely simple. Before adding the str() code I also checked all indentation, removing them all and adding back using the editor indent hotkeys, just in case that was affecting things somehow.
OK, it looks like I was wearing my dumb glasses, I think declaring
fullLogFileSpec = []
as a list instead of a string was my error.
Similar as it is, having re-written it without that list declaration this code is working fine:
logfile_directory = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'),'Desktop')
log_bf_file_spec = 'ItemsFoundByFolder_' + Deez_1.current_datetime() + '.txt'
log_by_folder = os.path.join(logfile_directory, log_bf_file_spec)
the function later calls, with no error:
fout_by_folder = open(log_by_folder, 'w')
I tried to program an app in tkinter that would load random lines from a file you select from a pull down menu and display the selected line in a text window.
It seems like the variable "var" in insert_text does not return the selected "option" but rather an "empty" string resulting in a the following error:
"File not found error" (FileNotFoundError: [Errno2] No such file or
directory: '').
Please help!
#!/usr/bin/env python
# Python 3
import tkinter
from tkinter import ttk
import random
class Application:
def __init__(self, root):
self.root = root
self.root.title('Random Stuff')
ttk.Frame(self.root, width=450, height=185).pack()
self.init_widgets()
var = tkinter.StringVar(root)
script = var.get()
choices = ['option1', 'option2', 'option3']
option = tkinter.OptionMenu(root, var, *choices)
option.pack(side='right', padx=10, pady=10)
def init_widgets(self):
ttk.Button(self.root, command=self.insert_txt, text='Button', width='10').place(x=10, y=10)
self.txt = tkinter.Text(self.root, width='45', height='5')
self.txt.place(x=10, y=50)
def insert_txt(self):
var = tkinter.StringVar(root)
name = var.get()
line = random.choice(open(str(name)).readlines())
self.txt.insert(tkinter.INSERT, line)
if __name__ == '__main__':
root = tkinter.Tk()
Application(root)
root.mainloop()
That's because you're just creating an empty StringVar that isn't modified later, thus returning an empty string.
The OptionMenu takes the command parameter that calls the specified method every time another option is selected. Now, you can call a method like this, replacing you insert_txt:
def __init__(self):
# ...
self.var = tkinter.StringVar()
self.options = tkinter.OptionMenu(root, var, *choices, command=self.option_selected)
# ...
def option_selected(self, event):
name = self.var.get()
# The stuff you already had
Additionally, you have to empty the Text widget, otherwise the previous text would stay. I think the Entry widget is better for that, too.
Two part question.
First, how can i change this(i've tried using 'for' but i cant figure it out) so that it saves like;
'key value' instead of '{key: value}'.
with open("phonebook.txt", "w") as x:
json.dump(a, x)
Second, how do you delete from a file by using the users input.
I cannot see a way of changing this to delete from file instead of the dict 'a';
name = input("enter name of contact you want to delete: ")
if name in a:
del a[name]
EDIT. This is what ive done now but it doesnt do whats expected ( i also tried adding the .readlines where x is but it just gets errors.
def save(a):
with open("phonebook.txt", "w") as x:
for k in a:
json.dump(str(k)+" "+str(a[k]), x)
def load():
a = {}
with open("phonebook.txt", "r") as f:
for l in f:
a[l[0]] = l[1]
print (a)
def save works fine (as far as i can see anyway)
Also i have tried c = l.split() and a[c[0]] = c[1]. Just doesnt want to work !
First part
That's not JSON format. Do not use it if you need something else. Use plain text files, like
with open("phonebook.txt","w") as file :
for key, value in a.items() :
file.write(str(key)+" "+str(value))
Second part
It looks you loaded the file into dictionary a. In that case, you just need to write dictionary a back to the file after deleting. If you have not loaded the file into the dictionary yet, you can do it with:
a= {}
with open("phonebook.txt") as file :
for line in file.readlines() :
content= line.split()
a[content[0]]= content[1]