I would like to calculate the differnce between two dates (timestamp) but
in a specific format like DDd HH24:MI:SS.FF
As an example : 2d 10:25:30.350
There many examples on the net but most of them separate the days, hours, minutes.. in differents columns and not getting all of them in one column
Thanks
SQL Fiddle
Oracle 11g R2 Schema Setup:
Query 1:
WITH times ( start_time, end_time ) AS (
SELECT TIMESTAMP '2015-01-01 00:00:00', TIMESTAMP '2015-01-03 10:25:30.350' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT TIMESTAMP '2015-01-01 00:00:00', TIMESTAMP '2015-01-01 09:00:00.000607' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT TIMESTAMP '2015-03-01 00:00:00', TIMESTAMP '2016-03-01 00:00:00' FROM DUAL
UNION ALL
SELECT TIMESTAMP '2015-01-01 00:00:00', TIMESTAMP '2016-01-11 00:00:00' FROM DUAL
)
SELECT TO_CHAR( start_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS.FF6' ) AS start_time,
TO_CHAR( end_time, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS.FF6' ) AS end_time,
REGEXP_REPLACE( end_time - start_time, '^[+-]0*(\d+) 0?(\d+:\d{2}:\d{2}\.\d{3}\d*?)0*$', '\1d \2' ) AS time_difference
FROM times
Results:
| START_TIME | END_TIME | TIME_DIFFERENCE |
|----------------------------|----------------------------|-------------------|
| 2015-01-01 00:00:00.000000 | 2015-01-03 10:25:30.350000 | 2d 10:25:30.350 |
| 2015-01-01 00:00:00.000000 | 2015-01-01 09:00:00.000607 | 0d 9:00:00.000607 |
| 2015-03-01 00:00:00.000000 | 2016-03-01 00:00:00.000000 | 366d 0:00:00.000 |
| 2015-01-01 00:00:00.000000 | 2016-01-11 00:00:00.000000 | 375d 0:00:00.000 |
If you know that you will never have more than 365 days, you can use a valid date and only print the numbers. I'm thinking of something like this:
select (case when ts1 - ts2 < 1
then '000d ' || to_char(date '2000-01-01' + (t1 - t2), 'HH24:MI:SS')
else to_char(date '2000-01-01' + (t1 - t2) - 1, 'DDDd HH24:MI:SS')
end)
This does zero-pad the day component. It is easy enough to remove the leading zeros if that is desired.
Related
I have table in Oracle SQL like below:
ID | date | place
-----------------------------
123 | 1610295784376 | OBJ_1
444 | 1748596758291 | OBJ_1
567 | 8391749204754 | OBJ_2
888 | 1747264526789 | OBJ_3
ID - ID of client
date - date in Unix timestamp in UTC
place - place of contact with client
And I need to aggregate above date to achieve results as below, so I need to:
convert unix timestamp in UTC from column "date" to normal date as below
calculate min and max date for each values from column "place"
min_date
max_date
distinct_place
2022-01-05
2022-02-15
OBJ_1
2022-02-10
2022-03-20
OBJ_2
2021-10-15
2021-11-21
OBJ_3
You can use:
SELECT TIMESTAMP '1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC'
+ MIN(date_column) * INTERVAL '0.001' SECOND(3)
AS min_date,
TIMESTAMP '1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC'
+ MAX(date_column) * INTERVAL '0.001' SECOND(3)
AS max_date,
place
FROM table_name
GROUP BY place;
Note: the (3) after SECOND is optional and will just explicitly specify the precision of the fractional seconds.
or:
SELECT TIMESTAMP '1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC'
+ NUMTODSINTERVAL( MIN(date_column) / 1000, 'SECOND')
AS min_date,
TIMESTAMP '1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC'
+ NUMTODSINTERVAL( MAX(date_column) / 1000, 'SECOND')
AS max_date,
place
FROM table_name
GROUP BY place;
Which, for the sample data:
CREATE TABLE table_name (ID, date_column, place) AS
SELECT 123, 1610295784376, 'OBJ_1' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 444, 1748596758291, 'OBJ_1' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 567, 1391749204754, 'OBJ_2' FROM DUAL UNION ALL -- Fixed leading digit
SELECT 888, 1747264526789, 'OBJ_3' FROM DUAL;
Both output:
MIN_DATE
MAX_DATE
PLACE
2021-01-10 16:23:04.376000000 UTC
2025-05-30 09:19:18.291000000 UTC
OBJ_1
2014-02-07 05:00:04.754000000 UTC
2014-02-07 05:00:04.754000000 UTC
OBJ_2
2025-05-14 23:15:26.789000000 UTC
2025-05-14 23:15:26.789000000 UTC
OBJ_3
db<>fiddle here
In my Input tables I am trying to add hours (NUMERIC) to a timestamp
time_of_Day
2020-10-01 22:15:00
2020-11-01 15:04:00
hours_to_add
3
4
Expected result
2020-10-02 01:15:00
2020-11-01 19:04:00
I tried the following method but I get an error: invalid input syntax for type interval: "hours_to_add"
SELECT
time_of_Day+ interval 'hours_to_add' hour
from your_table;
You can just do:
select time_of_Day + hours_to_add/24 from your_table;
This produces a result of date datatype.
If you wanted interval arithmetics (and have a result of timestamp datatype):
select time_of_day + hours_to_add * interval '1' hour from your_table
Demo on DB Fiddle:
with t as (
select timestamp '2020-10-01 22:15:00' time_of_Day , 3 hours_to_add from dual
union all select timestamp '2020-11-01 15:04:00', 4 from dual
)
select
t.*,
time_of_day + hours_to_add/24 as_date,
time_of_day + hours_to_add * interval '1' hour as_timestamp
from t
TIME_OF_DAY | HOURS_TO_ADD | AS_DATE | AS_TIMESTAMP
:------------------ | -----------: | :------------------ | :------------------
2020-10-01 22:15:00 | 3 | 2020-10-02 01:15:00 | 2020-10-02 01:15:00
2020-11-01 15:04:00 | 4 | 2020-11-01 19:04:00 | 2020-11-01 19:04:00
Multiple the value with a fixed interval:
select time_of_day + interval '1' hour * hours_to_add
from the_table;
Online demo
The TIMESTAMP datatype is an extension of the DATE datatype. It stores year, month, day, hour, minute, and second values. It also stores fractional seconds, which are not stored by the DATE datatype.
So, if you don't want to display the fractional seconds, then use proper format mask using TO_CHAR to display what you want.
Here is a working demo:
with your_table as
(
select timestamp '2020-10-01 22:15:00' time_of_Day , 3 hrs from dual
union all
select timestamp '2020-11-01 15:04:00', 4 from dual
)
select time_of_day,
to_char(time_of_day + interval '1' hour * hrs, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') new_time
from your_table;
TIME_OF_DAY NEW_TIME
------------------------------ -------------------
01-10-20 10:15:00.000000000 PM 2020-10-02 01:15:00
01-11-20 3:04:00.000000000 PM 2020-11-01 19:04:00
The timestamp will still have the fractional seconds stored as 02-10-20 1:15:00.000000000 AM.
I'm trying to extract Days, Hours, Minutes, Seconds from the output of subtracting two timestamps in an Oracle database. I then want to take the extracted values and put them into separate columns. I am able to accomplish this using substr but that doesn't seem efficient. Is there a more efficient and programmatic way of extracting the values? Below is an example query with the current and desired output.
Example:
SELECT
to_timestamp('2019-11-10 15:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi:ss') -
to_timestamp('2019-10-25 13:25:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi:ss')
as TIME_DIFF,
SUBSTR(to_timestamp('2019-11-10 15:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi:ss') -
to_timestamp('2019-10-25 13:25:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi:ss'), 9, 2)
as DAYS
from dual
Current Output:
TIME_DIFF | DAYS
------------------------------+-----
+000000016 01:35:00.000000000 | 16
Desired Output:
DAYS | HOUR | MIN | SS
-----+------+-----+---+
16 | 01 | 35 | 00
You can use extract() to pull out the required values from the interval:
with t as (
select to_timestamp('2019-11-10 15:00:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi:ss') -
to_timestamp('2019-10-25 13:25:00', 'YYYY-MM-DD hh24:mi:ss')
as TIME_DIFF
from dual
)
select
extract(day from time_diff) days,
extract(hour from time_diff) hours,
extract(minute from time_diff) minutes,
extract(second from time_diff) seconds
from t
Demo on DB Fiddle:
DAYS | HOURS | MINUTES | SECONDS
---: | ----: | ------: | ------:
16 | 1 | 35 | 0
You could take a look at extract() Checkout this answer: TIMESTAMPDIFF in Oracle 11g?
In my transaction table has id Number(11), name Varchar2(25) , transactiondate number(22).
Need to write SQL query to fetch the transaction details. transactiondate should be return as date & time format instead of number.
transaction table
ID Name transactiondate
1 AAA 2458010
2 BBB 2458351
3 CCC 2458712
I got the below result when i execute the below query
Select * from transaction where transactiondate <= TOCHAR(todate('2019/09/17 00:00:00', 'YYYY/MM/DD hh24:mi:ss') , 'J');
ID Name transactiondate
1 AAA 2458010
2 BBB 2458351
I got the query syntax error when i tried execute the below query
Select name, convert(datetime, convert(varchar(10), transactiondate)) as txndateformat
from transaction;
Expecting query that has to be return name and transactiondate as date format instead of number.
I got below result when i execute the below query
Desc transaction;
Name Null? Type
Id Not Null Number(19)
Name Not Null VarChar2(100)
transactiondate Not Null Number(22)
It all depends on when you are measuring time zero from and what your units are.
Here are some typical solutions:
Oracle Setup:
CREATE TABLE transaction ( ID, Name, transactiondate ) AS
SELECT 1, 'AAA', 2456702 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2, 'BBB', 2456703 FROM DUAL
Query:
SELECT name,
TO_DATE( transactiondate, 'J' )
AS julian_date,
DATE '1970-01-01' + NUMTODSINTERVAL( transactiondate / 1000, 'SECOND' )
AS unix_timestamp,
DATE '1970-01-01' + NUMTODSINTERVAL( transactiondate, 'SECOND' )
AS seconds_since_1970,
DATE '1970-01-01' + NUMTODSINTERVAL( transactiondate, 'MINUTE' )
AS minutes_since_1970,
DATE '1970-01-01' + NUMTODSINTERVAL( transactiondate, 'HOUR' )
AS hours_since_1970,
DATE '1900-01-01' + NUMTODSINTERVAL( transactiondate, 'HOUR' )
AS hours_since_1900,
DATE '1899-12-30' + transactiondate
AS excel_date
FROM transaction
Output:
NAME | JULIAN_DATE | UNIX_TIMESTAMP | SECONDS_SINCE_1970 | MINUTES_SINCE_1970 | HOURS_SINCE_1970 | HOURS_SINCE_1900 | EXCEL_DATE
:--- | :------------------ | :------------------ | :------------------ | :------------------ | :------------------ | :------------------ | :------------------
AAA | 2014-02-13 00:00:00 | 1970-01-01 00:40:56 | 1970-01-29 10:25:02 | 1974-09-03 01:02:00 | 2250-04-05 14:00:00 | 2180-04-04 14:00:00 | 8626-03-21 00:00:00
BBB | 2014-02-14 00:00:00 | 1970-01-01 00:40:56 | 1970-01-29 10:25:03 | 1974-09-03 01:03:00 | 2250-04-05 15:00:00 | 2180-04-04 15:00:00 | 8626-03-22 00:00:00
db<>fiddle here
(Note: Excel dates are slightly more complicated if you want to support values before 1900-03-01 but most people do not need this so there is only the simplified version included above.)
I assume that numbers are epoch numbers.
For SQL Server:
SELECT DATEADD(ss, 2456702, '19700101') --ss means interval = seconds
For Oracle:
select to_date('19700101', 'YYYYMMDD') + ( 1 / 24 / 60 / 60) * 2456702
from dual;
I`m stuck a bit with understanding of my further actions while performing queries.
I have two tables "A"(date, response, b_id) and "B"(id, country). I need to count hourly ratio of a number of entries where response exists to the total number of entries on a specific date. The final selection should consist of columns "hour", "ratio".
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM A WHERE RESPONSE IS NOT NULL//counting entries with response
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM A//counting total number of entries
How to count the ratio? Should I create a separate variable for it?
How to count for each hour on a day? Should I make smth like a loop? + How can I get the "hour" part of a date?
What is the best way to select the hours and counted ratio? Should I make a separate table for it?
I`m rather new to make complex queries, so I woud be happy for every kind of help
You can do this as:
select to_char(datecol, 'HH24') as hour,
count(response) as has_response, count(*) as total,
count(response) / count(*) as ratio
from a
where datecol >= date '2018-09-18' and datecol < date '2018-09-19'
group by to_char(datecol, 'HH24');
You can also do this using avg() -- which is also fun:
select to_char(datecol, 'HH24'),
avg(case when response is not null then 1.0 else 0 end) as ratio
from a
where datecol >= date '2018-09-18' and datecol < date '2018-09-19'
group by to_char(datecol, 'HH24')
In this case, that requires more typing, though.
SQL Fiddle
Oracle 11g R2 Schema Setup:
CREATE TABLE A ( dt, response, b_id ) AS
SELECT DATE '2018-09-18' + INTERVAL '00:00' HOUR TO MINUTE, NULL, 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2018-09-18' + INTERVAL '00:10' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'A', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2018-09-18' + INTERVAL '00:20' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'B', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2018-09-18' + INTERVAL '01:00' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'C', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2018-09-18' + INTERVAL '01:10' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'D', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2018-09-18' + INTERVAL '02:00' HOUR TO MINUTE, NULL, 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2018-09-18' + INTERVAL '03:00' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'E', 1 FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT DATE '2018-09-18' + INTERVAL '05:10' HOUR TO MINUTE, 'F', 1 FROM DUAL;
Query 1:
SELECT b_id,
TO_CHAR( TRUNC( dt, 'HH' ), 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS' ) AS hour,
COUNT(RESPONSE) AS total_response_per_hour,
COUNT(*) AS total_per_hour,
total_response_per_day,
total_per_day,
COUNT(response) / total_response_per_day AS ratio_for_responses,
COUNT(*) / total_per_day AS ratio
FROM (
SELECT A.*,
COUNT(RESPONSE) OVER ( PARTITION BY b_id, TRUNC( dt ) ) AS total_response_per_day,
COUNT(*) OVER ( PARTITION BY b_id, TRUNC( dt ) ) AS total_per_day
FROM A
)
GROUP BY
b_id,
total_per_day,
total_response_per_day,
TRUNC( dt, 'HH' )
ORDER BY
TRUNC( dt, 'HH' )
Results:
| B_ID | HOUR | TOTAL_RESPONSE_PER_HOUR | TOTAL_PER_HOUR | TOTAL_RESPONSE_PER_DAY | TOTAL_PER_DAY | RATIO_FOR_RESPONSES | RATIO |
|------|---------------------|-------------------------|----------------|------------------------|---------------|---------------------|-------|
| 1 | 2018-09-18 00:00:00 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 0.3333333333333333 | 0.375 |
| 1 | 2018-09-18 01:00:00 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 8 | 0.3333333333333333 | 0.25 |
| 1 | 2018-09-18 02:00:00 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 0 | 0.125 |
| 1 | 2018-09-18 03:00:00 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 0.16666666666666666 | 0.125 |
| 1 | 2018-09-18 05:00:00 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 8 | 0.16666666666666666 | 0.125 |
SELECT withResponses.hour,
withResponses.cnt AS withResponse,
alls.cnt AS AllEntries,
(withResponses.cnt / alls.cnt) AS ratio
FROM
( SELECT to_char(d, 'DD-MM-YY - HH24') || ':00 to :59 ' hour,
count(*) AS cnt
FROM A
WHERE RESPONSE IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY to_char(d, 'DD-MM-YY - HH24') || ':00 to :59 ' ) withResponses,
( SELECT to_char(d, 'DD-MM-YY - HH24') || ':00 to :59 ' hour,
count(*) AS cnt
FROM A
GROUP BY to_char(d, 'DD-MM-YY - HH24') || ':00 to :59 ' ) alls
WHERE alls.hour = withResponses.hour ;
SQLFiddle: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!4/c09b9/2