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If I have an SQL table with all default columns (e.g. identity column + any number of columns all with default values), what is the SQL statement to insert a row with no explicit values given?
insert MyTable /* ( doh, no fields! ) */
-- values( doh, no values! )
What's the trick?
This is a part of the INSERT syntax
INSERT INTO TableName DEFAULT VALUES
Read more here:
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/statements/insert-transact-sql
You can use the DEFAULT keyword.
The accepted answer only works for one row, not for multiple rows.
Let us assume you know how many rows to insert, but you want all default values. You cannot do the following, for instance
INSERT MyTable
SELECT DEFAULT VALUES -- Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'DEFAULT'.
FROM SomeQueryOrView;
-- or
INSERT MyTable
DEFAULT VALUES -- Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'FROM'.
FROM SomeQueryOrView;
Instead we can hack MERGE to do this
MERGE INTO myTable
USING (SELECT SomeValue FROM SomeQueryOrView) s
ON 1 = 0 -- never match
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT DEFAULT VALUES;
A bonus benefit is that we can OUTPUT data from columns which are not being inserted:
MERGE INTO myTable
USING (SELECT SomeValue FROM SomeQueryOrView) s
ON 1 = 0 -- never match
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT DEFAULT VALUES
OUTPUT inserted.Id, s.SomeValue;
Code below using sample data.
INSERT INTO ClientSeller VALUES
(1,'John Smith',88,1,'a',1),
(2,'Joe Smith',12,2,'b',2),
(3,'Warren ',15,2,'c',3),
(4,'Karen',69,6,'d',5),
(5,'Bob',45,6,'e',55),
(6,'Owen',65,6,'f',4),
(7,'Steve',25,5,'g',8),
(8,'Peter',24,55,'a',88),
(9,'Zoe',245,8,'b',8),
(10,'Jacky',244,2,'c',8);
and displays :
ORA-00933: SQL command not properly ended
Can any explain why this does not execute?
Based on your example, I created the following table.
Create table ClientSeller (
identity number(2),
name varchar2(50),
employeno number(2),
otherno number(1),
letter char(1),
otherotherno number(1)
)
Then using the code below I can insert two of your sample rows into the table. Oracle has a very clunky syntax for inserting values into a table. You absolutely need the Insert All with separate INTO tablename VALUES xxxxx for each values set and then at the end you MUST add the select 1 from DUAL. See this example for more details.
Also, do not end your statements with the semicolon. In none of the example code provided here will you find such a character.
INSERT ALL
INTO ClientSeller VALUES (1,'John Smith',88,1,'a',1)
INTO ClientSeller VALUES (2,'Joe Smith',12,2,'b',2)
SELECT 1 from DUAL
I see tutorial talking about Sequence with syntax and example.
http://infocenter.sybase.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.sybase.infocenter.dc00801.1601/doc/html/saiq-create-sequence-statement.html
But when I try creating sequence in Syabse through Squirrel, I get below error.
Error: 'SEQUENCE' is not a recognized CREATE option.
SQLState: ZZZZZ
ErrorCode: 155
Then how do we create auto increment unique identifier in Sybase.
How do we use Identity in Sequence. How come sequence available in one Sybase version and not in another.
I connect to sybase using below dependency.
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sybase.jdbcx</groupId>
<artifactId>jconn3</artifactId>
<version>6.0</version>
</dependency>
A sequence as an object does not exist in Sybase ASE (assumption). The equivalent functionality is done using identity columns.
create table test_tab (
test_tab_id int identity,
test_tab_name varchar(30) not null )
go
insert into test_tab (test_tab_name) values ('Hello')
go
insert into test_tab (test_tab_name) values ('World')
go
select * from test_tab
go
Result
(1 row affected)
(1 row affected)
test_tab_id test_tab_name
1 Hello
2 World
(2 rows affected)
One more point to add on identity is:
Once you truncate the table and insert data the old value of the identity is taken and then incremented.
Example:
select * from test_tab
go
2 rows
1 hello
2 world
Truncate the table test_tab
go
insert into test_tab (test_tab_name) values ('Hai')
go
insert into test_tab (test_tab_name) values ('done')
go
select * from test_tab
go
You will get as below
3 hai
4 done
can we assign the sequence per combination
E.g.
1 ABC
2 ABC
3 ABC
4 ABC
1 KLO
2 KLO
3 KLO
In postgres I have two tables like so
CREATE TABLE foo (
pkey SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
name TEXT
);
CREATE TABLE bar (
pkey SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
foo_fk INTEGER REFERENCES foo(pkey) NOT NULL,
other TEXT
);
What I want to do is to write a .sql script file that does the following
INSERT INTO foo(name) VALUES ('A') RETURNING pkey AS abc;
INSERT INTO bar(foo_fk,other) VALUES
(abc, 'other1'),
(abc, 'other2'),
(abc, 'other3');
which produces the error below in pgAdmin
Query result with 1 row discarded.
ERROR: column "abc" does not exist
LINE 3: (abc, 'other1'),
********** Error **********
ERROR: column "abc" does not exist
SQL state: 42703
Character: 122
Outside of a stored procedure how do a define a variable that I can use between statements? Is there some other syntax for being able to insert into bar with the pkey returned from the insert to foo.
You can combine the queries into one. Something like:
with foo_ins as (INSERT INTO foo(name)
VALUES ('A')
RETURNING pkey AS foo_id)
INSERT INTO bar(foo_fk,other)
SELECT foo_id, 'other1' FROM foo_ins
UNION ALL
SELECT foo_id, 'other2' FROM foo_ins
UNION ALL
SELECT foo_id, 'other3' FROM foo_ins;
Other option - use an anonymous PL/pgSQL block like:
DO $$
DECLARE foo_id INTEGER;
BEGIN
INSERT INTO foo(name)
VALUES ('A')
RETURNING pkey INTO foo_id;
INSERT INTO bar(foo_fk,other)
VALUES (foo_id, 'other1'),
(foo_id, 'other2'),
(foo_id, 'other3');
END$$;
You can use lastval() to ...
Return the value most recently returned by nextval in the current session.
This way you do not need to know the name of the seqence used.
INSERT INTO foo(name) VALUES ('A');
INSERT INTO bar(foo_fk,other) VALUES
(lastval(), 'other1')
, (lastval(), 'other2')
, (lastval(), 'other3')
;
This is safe because you control what you called last in your own session.
If you use a writable CTE as proposed by #Ihor, you can still use a short VALUES expression in the 2nd INSERT. Combine it with a CROSS JOIN (or append the CTE name after a comma (, ins) - same thing):
WITH ins AS (
INSERT INTO foo(name)
VALUES ('A')
RETURNING pkey
)
INSERT INTO bar(foo_fk, other)
SELECT ins.pkey, o.other
FROM (
VALUES
('other1'::text)
, ('other2')
, ('other3')
) o(other)
CROSS JOIN ins;
Another option is to use currval
INSERT INTO foo
(name)
VALUES
('A') ;
INSERT INTO bar
(foo_fk,other)
VALUES
(currval('foo_pkey_seq'), 'other1'),
(currval('foo_pkey_seq'), 'other2'),
(currval('foo_pkey_seq'), 'other3');
The automatically created sequence for serial columns is always named <table>_<column>_seq
Edit:
A more "robust" alternative is to use pg_get_serial_sequence as Igor pointed out.
INSERT INTO bar
(foo_fk,other)
VALUES
(currval(pg_get_serial_sequence('public.foo', 'pkey')), 'other1'),
(currval(pg_get_serial_sequence('public.foo', 'pkey')), 'other2'),
(currval(pg_get_serial_sequence('public.foo', 'pkey')), 'other3');
I have created table using this command successfully
create table Person(
first_name varchar(25) not null,
last_name varchar(25) not null,
persoin_id number not null,
birth_date date,
country varchar (25),
salary number);
and now I want to insert data into that table
insert into Person(persoin_id,first_name,last_name,salary,birth_date,country)
values(100,'dato','datuashvili',350,to_date('01/01/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia');
values(101,'irakli','oqruashvili',350,to_date('01/03/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia');
first row is inserted,but problem is with second line
1 rows inserted.
Error starting at line 10 in command:
values(101,'irakli','oqruashvili',350,to_date('01/03/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia')
Error report:
Unknown Command
Please help me to determine what is problem?thanks
If you are on a RDBMS that supports multi-rows inserts in one INSERT:
insert into Person(persoin_id,first_name,last_name,salary,birth_date,country)
values
(100,'dato','datuashvili',350,to_date('01/01/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia') ,
--- comma here ---^
(101,'irakli','oqruashvili',350,to_date('01/03/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia') ;
^--- no "values" here
If not (like Oracle), you'll have to issue two insert statements:
insert into Person(persoin_id,first_name,last_name,salary,birth_date,country)
values
(100,'dato','datuashvili',350,to_date('01/01/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia') ;
--- as it was here ---^
insert into Person(persoin_id,first_name,last_name,salary,birth_date,country)
values
(101,'irakli','oqruashvili',350,to_date('01/03/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia') ;
or use this approach:
insert into Person(persoin_id,first_name,last_name,salary,birth_date,country)
select
(100,'dato','datuashvili',350,to_date('01/01/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia')
from dual
union all select
(101,'irakli','oqruashvili',350,to_date('01/03/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia')
from dual
;
You will need to use 2 insert statement instead of one for 2 different sets of data...
insert into Person(persoin_id,first_name,last_name,salary,birth_date,country)
values(100,'dato','datuashvili',350,to_date('01/01/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia');
insert into Person(persoin_id,first_name,last_name,salary,birth_date,country)
values(101,'irakli','oqruashvili',350,to_date('01/03/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia')
You have a ; at the end of:
values(100,'dato','datuashvili',350,to_date('01/01/10','DD/MM/YY'),'georgia');
^
change it to , and also loose the values from the next line. You need just one values per insert.