LibGdx Input Handling and Collision Detection - input

I'm playing with libGdx, creating a simple platformer game. I'm using Tiled to create the map and the LibGdx tiledMap renderer.
It's a similar setup to the SuperKoalio libgdx example.
My Collision detection at the moment, it just determining whether the player has hit a tile to the right of it, above it or below it. When it detects a collision to the right, it sets the players state to standing.
Control of the player is done through the InputHandler. When the D key is pressed, it sets the players state to walking, when the key is released, it sets the state to standing.
My problem is, that if I'm holding down D, and I jump and hit a platform and stop, even when the player has dropped back down and should be able to continue moving, it won't, not until I release the D key and press it again. I can jump fine, but not walk.
Any ideas on why this is and how I can fix it? I've been staring at it for so long that I might be missing something obvious, in which case a fresh pair of eyes might help.
This is the code I've got right at the start of my player.update function to get the player moving.
if(state == State.Standing) {
velocity.x = 0;
} else if(state == State.Walking || state == State.Jumping) {
velocity.x = MAX_VELOCITY;
}
And this is an extract of the collision code :
for (Rectangle tile : tiles) {
if (playerRect.overlaps(tile)) {
state = State.Standing;
break;
}
}
Originally, the collision response set x velocity to 0, and the velocity was used to determine the state, which still produced the same problem.
Thanks

As your Collision-detection is allready working, the thing you need to change is the collision handling.
You set the Players state to Standing.
Instead of doing this you culd set a flag collision and in the update check this flag:
if(state == State.Standing || collision) {
velocity.x = 0;
} else if(state == State.Walking || state == State.Jumping) {
velocity.x = MAX_VELOCITY;
}
This way you know, if you don't move becuase you can't (collision==true) or if you don't move, because you don't press the key (state != State.Standing)
Of course you also need to know, when you don't collide anymore.
For this you could reset the collision flag after setting the velocity and recalculate it the next frame.

Related

Tile Collision In GML

I am making a game based on the game AZ on the website Y8, and I am having problems with tile collisions.
the player moves basically by giving it speed when up is pressed, then rotating left or right.
direction = image_angle;
if(keyForward)
{
speed = 2;
}
else speed = 0;
// rotate
if(keyRotateLeft)
{
image_angle = image_angle + 5;
}
if(keyRotateRight)
{
image_angle = image_angle - 5;
}
then I said when the player collides with the tile speed = 0. But the player gets stuck and can't move anymore. is there a better way to do this.
A simple approach would be as following:
Attempt to rotate
Check if you are now stuck in a wall
If you are, undo the rotation.
A more advanced approach would be to attempt pushing the player out of solids while rotating.
Alternatively, you may be able to get away with giving the player a circular mask and not rotating the actual mask (using a user-defined variable instead of image_angle).

How do I prevent touches from hitting hidden content in SKCropNode?

I'm making pretty heavy use of SKCropNode in my game both for stylistic uses and also in one case where I've built my own SpriteKit version of UIScrollView. I've noticed that when I get a touch event or when a gesture recognizer fires at a certain point, SKScene.nodeAtPoint(...) is still hitting nodes that are hidden at the touch point from the crop node.
How do I prevent SKScene.nodeAtPoint(...) from hitting cropped content, and instead return the next visible node beneath it?
You can't. Everything is based on the frame of the content, and with crop nodes, it is huge. The only thing you can do is check the point of touch, use nodesAtPoint to get all nodes, then enumerate one by one, checking whether or not the touch point is touching a visible pixel by either checking the pixel data, or having a CGPath outlining of your sprite and checking if you are inside that.
I managed to work my way around this one, but it isn't pretty and it doesn't work in every scenario.
The idea is, when a touch is recorded, I iterate over all nodes at that point. If any of those nodes are (or are children of) SKCropNodes, I check the frame of the mask on the crop node. If the touch lies outside the mask, we know the node is not visible at that point and we can assume the touch didn't hit it.
The issue with this method is that I don't do any evaluation of transparency within the crop mask - I just assume it's a rectangle. If the mask is an abnormal shape, I may give false positives on node touches.
extension SKScene {
// Get the node at a given point, but ignore those that are hidden due to SKCropNodes.
func getVisibleNodeAtPoint(point: CGPoint) -> SKNode? {
var testedNodes = Set<SKNode>()
// Iterate over all the nodes hit by this click.
for touchedNode in self.nodesAtPoint(point) {
// If we've already checked this node, skip it. This happens because nodesAtPoint
// returns both leaf and ancestor nodes, and we test the ancestor nodes while
// testing leaf nodes.
if testedNodes.contains(touchedNode) {
continue
}
var stillVisible = true
// Walk the ancestry chain of the target node starting with the touched
// node itself.
var currentNode: SKNode = touchedNode
while true {
testedNodes.insert(currentNode)
if let currentCropNode = currentNode as? SKCropNode {
if let currentCropNodeMask = currentCropNode.maskNode {
let pointNormalizedToCurrentNode = self.convertPoint(point, toNode: currentCropNode)
let currentCropNodeMaskFrame = currentCropNodeMask.frame
// Check if the touch is inside the crop node's mask. If not, we
// know we've touched a hidden point.
if
pointNormalizedToCurrentNode.x < 0 || pointNormalizedToCurrentNode.x > currentCropNodeMaskFrame.size.width ||
pointNormalizedToCurrentNode.y < 0 || pointNormalizedToCurrentNode.y > currentCropNodeMaskFrame.size.height
{
stillVisible = false
break
}
}
}
// Move to next parent.
if let parent = currentNode.parent {
currentNode = parent
} else {
break
}
}
if !stillVisible {
continue
}
// We made it through the ancestry nodes. This node must be visible.
return touchedNode
}
// No visible nodes found at this point.
return nil
}
}

XNA 2D object collision (without Tiles/Grid)

First time posting here. Tried to look for topics previously to help.
I'm using Visual Basic, but so far I've been able to follow C# and just translate into VB.
I would like collision without tiles. Smooth movement without any sort of snapping. I already have the movement down, and my sprites stop at the edges of the screen.
I've read I could use Bounds and Intersects, which I have tried. When I apply an IF statement to the arrow keys each time they are pressed, using Bounds and Intersects (I just prevent sprite movement if it is intersecting), it works for ONE key. I move left into an object, and I stop. If I apply the IF to all keys, it will work the first time. Say I move left into an object, the IF statement checks if the Intersects is true or not and acts accordingly.
Now I want to move right, away from the object. I can't since my sprite is ALREADY colliding with the object, since each arrow key is programmed to NOT move if there is Intersection. I see perfectly why this happens.
The code I currently have: (Each arrow key has the same code, altered to it)
If Keyboard.GetState(PlayerIndex.One).IsKeyDown(Keys.Right) And rBlockBounds.X <=
graphics.GraphicsDevice.Viewport.Width - rBlockBounds.Width = True Then
If rBlockBoundBoxBounds.Intersects(rObstructBounds) Then
rBlockBounds.X += 0
rBlockBoundBoxBounds.X = rBlockBounds.X - 1
Else
rBlockBounds.X += 1
rBlockBoundBoxBounds.X = rBlockBounds.X - 1
End If
End If
rBlockBounds is my sprite As Rectangle
rBlockBoundBoxBounds is another Rectangle (1 pixle bigger than rBlockBounds) used as a Hit Box more or less that moves with rBlockBounds, and is the thing doing the collision checking
rObstructBounds is the stationary object that I'm moving my Sprite into.
Anyone have suggestions on how I can make this work?
Since I myself program in C#, not VB I can not code your solution but instead I can explain a better way of approaching it.
What you want to do is prevent the two rectangles from ever intersecting. To do this you will need to implement a move method into your code which can check if the two tiles are colliding. Here is a C# example:
public bool MoveX(float distance) // Move Player Horizontally in this example
{
rBlockBounds.X += distance;
if(rBlockBoundBoxBounds.Intersects(rObstructBounds)
{
rBlockBounds.X -= distance;
return false;
}
return true;
}
Which essentially means that if you run into an object you will be pushed out of it. Since it occurs in one tick you won't get any jutty back-and-front animations.
And that should do what you want. You can test this out and then implement it for y-coordinates as well.
Also, you might notice I've made the function return a bool. This is optional but allows you to check if your player has moved or not.
Note if you teleport an object into another one it will cause problems so remember to implement this every time you move anything.
But that should do what you want.
Edit
Note since your objects are not in a tiled grid, you will need to move lots of time in very small steps.
Something like this:
public bool MoveX(float distance) // Move Player Horizontally in this example
{
rBlockBounds.X += distance;
if(rBlockBoundBoxBounds.Intersects(rObstructBounds)
{
rBlockBounds.X -= distance;
return false;
}
return true;
}
public bool MoveX(float distance, int repeat)
{
for(int i=0; i < repeat; i++)
{
rBlockBounds.X += distance;
if(rBlockBoundBoxBounds.Intersects(rObstructBounds)
{
rBlockBounds.X -= distance;
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
Where the second one will take multiple steps. Here is why you would use it:
MoveX(500); // Will move 500 right. Could easily skip over objects!
MoveX(5, 100); // Will move 5 right one hundred times
// ^ This will take more time but will not skip object
Similarly for yours you could do this:
MoveX(3); // If contact object will be max 3 pixels away
MoveX(1, 3); // If contact object will be max 1 pixels away
MoveX(0.5f, 6); // If contact object will be max 0.5 pixels away
Now I am guessing all your x, y positions are integers. If so you could get away doing the second call and come exactly next to each other. If not you would do the third call.
Hope this helped.

Add boundaries to an SKScene

I'm trying to write a basic game using Apple's Sprite Kit framework. So far, I have a ship flying around the screen, using SKPhysicsBody. I want to keep the ship from flying off the screen, so I edited my update method to make the ship's velocity zero. This works most of the time, but every now and then, the ship will fly off the screen.
Here's my update method.
// const int X_MIN = 60;
// const int X_MAX = 853;
// const int Y_MAX = 660;
// const int Y_MIN = 60;
// const float SHIP_SPEED = 50.0;
- (void)update:(CFTimeInterval)currentTime {
if (self.keysPressed & DOWN_ARROW_PRESSED) {
if (self.ship.position.y > Y_MIN) {
[self.ship.physicsBody applyForce:CGVectorMake(0, -SHIP_SPEED)];
} else {
self.ship.physicsBody.velocity = CGVectorMake(self.ship.physicsBody.velocity.dx, 0);
}
}
if (self.keysPressed & UP_ARROW_PRESSED) {
if (self.ship.position.y < Y_MAX) {
[self.ship.physicsBody applyForce:CGVectorMake(0, SHIP_SPEED)];
} else {
self.ship.physicsBody.velocity = CGVectorMake(self.ship.physicsBody.velocity.dx, 0);
}
}
if (self.keysPressed & RIGHT_ARROW_PRESSED) {
if (self.ship.position.x < X_MAX) {
[self.ship.physicsBody applyForce:CGVectorMake(SHIP_SPEED, 0)];
} else {
self.ship.physicsBody.velocity = CGVectorMake(0, self.ship.physicsBody.velocity.dy);
}
}
if (self.keysPressed & LEFT_ARROW_PRESSED) {
if (self.ship.position.x > X_MIN) {
[self.ship.physicsBody applyForce:CGVectorMake(-SHIP_SPEED, 0)];
} else {
self.ship.physicsBody.velocity = CGVectorMake(0, self.ship.physicsBody.velocity.dy);
}
}
}
At first, I used applyImpulse in didBeginContact to push the ship back. This made the ship bounce, but I don't want the ship to bounce. I just want it to stop at the edge.
What is the right way to make the ship stop once it reaches the edge? The code above works most of the time, but every now and then the ship shoots off screen. This is for OS X—not iOS—in case that matters.
Check out this link...
iOS7 SKScene how to make a sprite bounce off the edge of the screen?
[self setPhysicsBody:[SKPhysicsBody bodyWithEdgeLoopFromRect:self.frame]]; //Physics body of Scene
This should set up a barrier around the edge of your scene.
EDIT:
This example project from Apple might also be useful
https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/samplecode/SpriteKit_Physics_Collisions/Introduction/Intro.html
Your code is not clear in what the velocity variables represent. Keep in mind that if the velocity is too high your ship will have travelled multiple points between updates. For example, your ship's X/Y is at (500,500) at the current update. Given a high enough velocity, your ship could be at (500,700) at the very next update. If you had your boundary set at (500,650) your ship would already be past it.
I suggest you do a max check on velocity BEFORE applying it to your ship. This should avoid the problem I outlined above.
As for bouncy, bouncy... did you try setting your ship's self.physicsBody.restitution = 0; ? The restitution is the bounciness of the physics body. If you use your own screen boundaries, then I would recommend setting those to restitution = 0 as well.
Your best bet would be to add a rectangle physics body around the screen (boundary). Set the collision and contact categories of the boundary and player to interact with each other. In the didBeginContact method you can check if the bodies have touched and, if they have, you can call a method to redirect the ship.
Your problem is that your update method may not be checking the location frequently enough before the ship gets off screen.
This will help you to define you screen edges in Swift.
self.physicsBody = SKPhysicsBody ( edgeLoopFromRect: self.frame )

How can you implement non-standard Leap Motion gestures?

The Leap Motion API only supports four standard gestures: circle, swipe, key tap and screen tap. In my application I need other gestures, but I do not know how can I add them or if it is even possible to add more gestures. I read the API and it was no help.
In my application I want to allow the user to hold an object and drag it. Is that possible using the Leap Motion API? If so, how can I do this?
You will need to create your own methods to recognize the starting point, the process, and the ending point of a gesture.
Starting point:
How will your program recognize you are trying to hold something? A simple gesture I can think of is 2 fingers linked with 1 palm. So in the frame, if you see 2 fingers linked with 1 palm and the fingers are maybe 10-20 mm apart, you can recognize it as a gesture to hold something. When these conditions are fulfilled, the program will recognize the gesture and you can write some code inside these conditions.
For a very ugly example in C#:
Starting point:
Boolean gesture_detected = false;
Frame frame = controller.Frame();
HandList hands = controller.Hands;
if (hands.Count == 1)
{
foreach (Hand hand in hands)
{
if (hand.fingers.Count == 2)
{
int fingerA_x,fingerB_x;
foreach (Finger finger in hand.fingers)
{
if(fingerA_x == 0)
{
fingerA_x = finger.x;
} else
{
fingerB_x = finger.x;
}
}
}
}
if((fingerA_x - fingerB_x) < 20)
{
//Gesture is detected. Do something...
gesture_detected = true;
}
}
Process:
What is your gesture trying to do? If you want to move around, you will have to call a mouse method to do a drag. Search for the method mouse_event() in C++ under PInvoke using the event MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN.
Ending point:
After you finish dragging, you need to call a mouse method event like MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP to simulate a mouse drag that has finished. But how will your program detect when you should stop the drag? Most logical way is if the gesture is no longer being detected in the frame. So write an else condition to process the alternate scenario.
if (!gesture_detected)
{
// Do something
}
Did wonder myself at a point in time if there was a need to derive some Leap Motion classe(s) in order to define custom classes as with other API's, turns out you do not have to. Here below is a short example in C++, the Leap Motion native language, of a custom gesture definition, the Lift gesture which lifts in the air all kinematic objects in your world.
The gesture definition calls for 2 visible hands, both open flat with palms up and moving up slower than the pre-defined (currently deprecated) Leap Motion Swipe gesture, so there is no confusion between the 2 gestures in case the Swipe gesture has been enabled during start-up in the Leap Motion callback function void GestureListener::onConnect(const Leap::Controller& controller).
As seen from the example, the gesture definition imposes constraints on both hands normals and velocities, so it won't be detected at random but not too many constraints, so it can still be executed with some reasonable effort.
// lift gesture: 2 hands open flat, both palms up and moving up slowly
void LeapMotion::liftGesture(int numberHands, std::vector<glm::vec3> palmNormals, std::vector<glm::vec3> palmVelocities) {
if ((numberHands == 2) &&
(palmNormals[0].x < 0.4f) && (palmNormals[1].x < 0.4f) &&
(palmNormals[0].y > 0.9f) && (palmNormals[1].y > 0.9f) &&
(palmNormals[0].z < 0.4f) && (palmNormals[1].z < 0.4f) &&
(palmVelocities[0].z > 50.0f) && (palmVelocities[1].z > 50.0f) &&
(palmVelocities[0].z < 300.0f) && (palmVelocities[1].z < 300.0f)) {
m_gesture = LIFT;
logFileStderr(VERBOSE, "\nLift gesture...\n");
}
}