We have events with a date range:
Event | Begin | End
------|-------|------
a | 11:30 | 12:15
b | 10:30 | 13:15
c | 11:30 | 13:30
Visualized as a timetable:
a) |---|
b) |---------------|
c) |-----------|
|-----|-----|-----|-----|
10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00
We want an efficient query for counting ongoing events on given timestamps. In this example we want them per hour. Like this:
Time | OnGoing
-----------------|--------
2014-02-06 10:00 | 0
2014-02-06 11:00 | 1
2014-02-06 12:00 | 3
2014-02-06 13:00 | 2
2014-02-06 14:00 | 0
You can create a driver table with all hours, then join to that:
;WITH cal AS (SELECT CAST('10:00:00' AS TIME) dt
UNION ALL
SELECT DATEADD(hour,1,dt)
FROM cal
WHERE dt < '14:00:00')
SELECT dt, COUNT(DISTINCT Event) OnGoing
FROM cal a
LEFT JOIN Table1 b
ON a.dt BETWEEN b.[Begin] AND b.[End]
GROUP BY dt
Demo: SQL Fiddle
Adjust the range in the cal cte to fit your preferences. I notice your sample output shows a datetime, so you could cast begin and end as TIME in your join and add a DATE portion to your select and group by, or you could alter the cte to be full datetime. If spanning more than 100 units in your cte, you'll need to add OPTION (MAXRECURSION 0) to the very end of your query.
Related
I need to create a report in SQL Server Reporting Service. The source table/query data is structured as follows:
CNum | EmpNo | TDate | TimeIn | TimeOut
100 | 2 | 12/4/2019 | 7:00 AM | 12:00 PM
100 | 2 | 12/4/2019 | 12:30 PM | 3:30 PM
100 | 2 | 12/5/2019 | 7:00 AM | 12:00 PM
100 | 2 | 12/5/2019 | 12:30 PM | 3:30 PM
I need the report output to be displayed as follows (or something similar, just need to show the TDate as columns and any related time entries based on the CNum as rows).
CNum | 12/4/2019 | 12/5/2019 |
100 | 7:00 AM | 7:00 AM |
| 12:00 PM | 12:00 PM |
100 | 12:30 PM | 12:30 PM |
| 3:30 PM | 3:30 PM |
I have tried using the Matrix Tablix but this forces the group to only return on record per day, when there may be multiple. My goal is to write a SQL Query (CTE or PIVOT) which will give me the report data in the correct format so I will not have to get crazy in the report designer.
I am familiar with SQL but for some reason I cannot get any query to output (Pivot) and include both records for the day.
Any help/guidance will be much appreciated.
You can do this easily in SSRS with a small change to your dataset query.
I reproduced your sample data with the following
DECLARE #t TABLE(CNum int, EMpNo int, TDate Date, TimeIn Time, [Timeout] Time)
INSERT INTO #t VALUES
(100, 2, '2019/12/04', '07:00', '12:00'),
(100, 2, '2019/12/04', '12:30', '15:30'),
(100, 2, '2019/12/05', '07:00', '12:00'),
(100, 2, '2019/12/05', '12:30', '15:30')
SELECT *, ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY TDate, Cnum ORDER BY TimeIn) as RowN FROM #t
Note: I added the RowN column which gives each row a unique number within each TDate and CNum. We add this to the CNum group in the matrix (so it groups by CNum then RowN)
Here's the final design including the row and column groups (Column group is just by TDate)
To get the 2nd row I right clicked the [TimeIn] 'cell' and did "Insert Row = > Inside Group - Below"
The final output looks like this
I think, you may take it fwd from Efficiently convert rows to columns in sql server
Here is the answer :
With CTE as (
Select
CNum,
TDate,
TimeIn as [Time],
'In' as [Action]
From TimeTable
Union All
Select
CNum,
TDate,
[TimeOut] as [Time],
'Out' as [Action]
From TimeTable
)
Select
*
From CTE
Pivot(min([Time]) for TDate in ([2019-12-04],[2019-12-05])) as pivot_table
union all
Select
*
From CTE
Pivot(max([Time]) for TDate in ([2019-12-04],[2019-12-05])) as pivot_table
I want to sum the column for every two minute interval (so it would be the sum of 1,2 and 2,3 and 3,4, etc...), but I'm not exactly sure how to go about doing that.
My data looks something like:
minute | source | count
2018-01-01 10:00 | a | 7
2018-01-01 10:01 | a | 5
2018-01-01 10:02 | a | 10
2018-01-01 10:00 | b | 20
2018-01-01 10:05 | a | 12
What I want
(e.g. row1+row2, row2+3, row3, row4, row5)
minute | source | count
2018-01-01 10:00 | a | 12
2018-01-01 10:01 | a | 15
2018-01-01 10:02 | a | 10
2018-01-01 10:00 | b | 20
2018-01-01 10:05 | a | 12
You can use a correlated subquery selecting the sum of the counts for the records in the interval sharing the source (I guess that the source must match is an requirement. If not, just remove the comparison in the WHERE clause.).
SELECT "t1"."minute",
"t1"."source",
(SELECT sum("t2"."count")
FROM "elbat" "t2"
WHERE "t2"."source" = "t1"."source"
AND "t2"."minute" >= "t1"."minute"
AND "t2"."minute" <= "t1"."minute" + INTERVAL '1 MINUTE') "count"
FROM "elbat" "t1";
SQL Fiddle
the post above assumes all the timestamps are to the minute. if you want to check for every 2 minutes throughout the day you can use the generate_series function. the issue with including the beginning minute and ending time in each interval will be b having 2 rows in the results.
ie.
select begintime,
endtime,
source,
sum(count)
from mytable
inner join (
select begintime, endtime
from (
select lag(time, 1) over (order by time) as begintime,
time as endtime
from (
select *
from generate_series('2018-01-01 00:00:00', '2018-01-02 00:00:00', interval '2 minutes') time
) q
) q2
where begintime is not null
) times on minute between begintime and endtime
group by begintime, endtime, source
order by begintime, endtime, source
you can change the 'minute between begintime and endtime' to 'minute > begintime and minute <= endtime' if you don't want that overlap
I am trying to write a query to retrieve data from an events query for a simple calendar app.
The table structure is as followed:
table name: events
Column | Type
---------+-----------
id | integer
start | timestamp
end | timestamp
the data inside of the table
id| start | end
--+---------------------+--------------------
1 | 2017-09-01 12:00:00 | 2017-09-01 12:00:00
2 | 2017-09-03 10:00:00 | 2017-09-03 12:00:00
3 | 2017-09-08 12:00:00 | 2017-09-11 12:00:00
4 | 2017-09-11 12:00:00 | 2017-09-11 12:00:00
the expected result is
date | event.id
-----------+---------
2017-09-01 | 1
2017-09-03 | 2
2017-09-08 | 3
2017-09-09 | 3
2017-09-10 | 3
2017-09-11 | 3
2017-09-11 | 4
As you can see, only days with an event (not just start and end, but also the days in between) is retrieved, days without an event are not retrieved at all.
In the second step I would like to be able to limit the amount of distinct days, e.g. "get 4 days with events" what might be more than 4 rows.
Right now I am able to retrieve the events based on start date only using the following query:
SELECT start::date, id FROM events WHERE events.start::date >= '2017-09-01' LIMIT 3
Thinks I already though about are DENSE_RANK and generate_series, but up to now I didn't find a way to fill the gaps between start and end, but not on days where there are no data.
So in short:
What I want to get is: get the next X days where there is an event. A date with an event is a day where start <= date >= end
Any ideas ?
Edit
Thanks to Tim I have now the following query (modified to use generate_series instead of a table and added a limit using dense_rank):
select date, id FROM (
SELECT
DENSE_RANK() OVER (ORDER BY t1.date) as rank,
t1.date,
events.id
FROM
generate_series([DATE]::date, [DATE]::date + interval '365 day', '1 day') as t1
INNER JOIN
events
ON t1.date BETWEEN events.start::date AND events."end"::date
) as t
WHERE rank <= [LIMIT]
This is working really good, even though I am not 100% sure about the performance hit with this kind of limit
I think you really need a calendar table here to cover the full range of dates in which your data may appear. In the first CTE below, I generate a table covering the month of September 2017. Then all we need to do is inner join this calendar table with the events table on the criteria of a given day appearing within a given range.
WITH cte AS (
SELECT CAST('2017-09-01' AS DATE) + (n || ' day')::INTERVAL AS date
FROM generate_series(0, 29) n
)
SELECT
t1.date,
t2.id
FROM cte t1
INNER JOIN events t2
ON t1.date BETWEEN CAST(t2.start AS DATE) AND CAST(t2.end AS DATE);
Output:
date id
1 01.09.2017 00:00:00 1
2 03.09.2017 00:00:00 2
3 08.09.2017 00:00:00 3
4 09.09.2017 00:00:00 3
5 10.09.2017 00:00:00 3
6 11.09.2017 00:00:00 3
7 11.09.2017 00:00:00 4
Demo here:
Rextester
I have table with data like:
Id | Start | End | Used
----------------------------------------
1 | 27-04-17 2:00 |27-04-17 0:00 | 1:30
---------------------------------------
2 | 27-04-17 2:00 |27-04-17 0:00 | 23:00
---------------------------------------
3 | 27-04-17 2:00 |27-04-17 0:00 | 1:00
---------------------------------------
4 | 28-04-17 2:00 |28-04-17 0:00 | 0:30
---------------------------------------
5 | 30-04-17 2:00 |30-04-17 0:00 | 3:30
---------------------------------------
I want to set it like
Id | Start | End | Used
----------------------------------------
1 | 27-04-17 2:00 |27-04-17 3:30 | 1:30
---------------------------------------
2 | 27-04-17 3:30 |28-04-17 2:30 | 23:00
---------------------------------------
3 | 28-04-17 2:30 |28-04-17 3:30 | 1:00
---------------------------------------
4 | 28-04-17 3:30 |28-04-17 4:00 | 0:30
---------------------------------------
5 | 30-04-17 2:00 |30-04-17 4:30 | 2:30
---------------------------------------
I want to set End time of previous id as Start time of next id, where Start time of first id is set by user.End time is just sum of Start time and Used Time I am using vb.net data table and SQL server for database. To set value in first row I am using SQL function DATEADD(), through which two hours are added and same function for adding time in end date.
I want to copy my End date of previous row in next row, so that whole calculation works properly.Can I do it through SQL Only? or I will need a function to do it in Vb.net Data table from where it will be used for reports. Note: Id sequence can be changed Thanks for help.
Below recursive CTE logic will give you the desired output.
create table #tmp
(
ID int,
starttime datetime2,
endtime datetime2,
used varchar(5)
)
insert into #tmp values
(1,'17-Apr-2017 2:00','17-Apr-2017','1:30'),
(2,'17-Apr-2017 2:00','17-Apr-2017','2:00'),
(3,'17-Apr-2017 2:00','17-Apr-2017','1:00'),
(4,'17-Apr-2017 2:00','17-Apr-2017','0:30'),
(5,'28-Apr-2017 2:00','28-Apr-2017','3:30')
;with CTE as (
select ID,starttime,endtime,used,levels FROM
(select row_number() over (partition by cast(starttime as date) order by starttime) RID,ID,starttime,dateadd(hour,cast(substring(used,1,charindex(':',used)-1) as int),dateadd(mi,cast(right(used,2) as int),starttime))
endtime,used,0 levels
from #tmp ) T
where RID=1
union all
select T.ID,C.endtime,dateadd(hour,cast(substring(T.used,1,charindex(':',T.used)-1) as int),dateadd(mi,cast(right(T.used,2) as int),C.endtime))
endtime,T.used,C.levels+1
from CTE C inner join #tmp T on T.ID=C.ID+1
where datediff(d,C.starttime,T.starttime)=0
)
select ID,StartTime,EndTime,Used from CTE order by ID
drop table #tmp
I am building a schedule app, which uses a predefined API from my school. Each lesson has it's times declared for each hour in a single row. A short example:
Table lessons:
Subject Id Start End
English 111 09:30 10:30
English 111 10:30 11:30
Dutch 120 12:30 13:30
Java 109 14:30 15:30
English 111 15:30 16:30
To retrieve the lessons, and to show them inside my app, I use the following query:
SELECT MIN(start), MAX(end) FROM lessons ORDER BY Start GROUP BY Id
It works pretty well, however when a student has the same two lessons with the same Id on a day, in this case English, the SQL query will show it as:
English 09:30 - 16:30
In this case we have a problem, since English doesn't take 6 hours, and I want to show it as:
English 09:30 - 11:30
English 15:30 - 16:30
So my question is:
What query should I use to only GROUP BY lessons when the start or end values equals another row with the same id, to avoid wrong times?, I could do this programmaticly but I really prefer to do this using SQL.
EDIT:
I am grouping by, because I don't want to show each lesson as a seperate row, because my school defines every lessonhour as a single row.
This will do the job
with cte as
(
select subject,id,start,end
from mytable t
where not exists
(
select null
from mytable t2
where t2.id = t.id
and t2.end = t.start
)
union all
select t.subject,t.id,cte.start,t.end
from cte
join mytable t
on t.id = cte.id
and t.start = cte.end
)
select subject,id,start,max(end) as end
from cte
group by subject,id,start
+---------+-----+-------+-------+
| subject | id | start | end |
+---------+-----+-------+-------+
| Dutch | 120 | 12:30 | 13:30 |
+---------+-----+-------+-------+
| English | 111 | 09:30 | 11:30 |
+---------+-----+-------+-------+
| English | 111 | 15:30 | 16:30 |
+---------+-----+-------+-------+
| Java | 109 | 14:30 | 15:30 |
+---------+-----+-------+-------+