SSIS Create Parent - sql

New to SSIS (2k12).
Importing a csv file containing any new or changed PO Lines. My db has a PO master, and a POLine child, so if the PO is new, I need to insert a row into the master before loading up the child(ren). I may have half a dozen children in the POLineDetail import.
To create a Master, I have to match up the ProjectNbr from the tblProjects table to get the ProjectID, similarly with the Vendor (VendorName and VendorID...) I can do this in T-SQL, but I'm not sure how best to do it using SSIS. What's the strategy?

You just need to use the lookup transformation on the data flow task and route the unmatched records to the no match output. The no match output will be records that do not exist and need to be inserted, which you would attach to a destination transformation.

It sounds like the first step that's needed is to load the data into a staging table so that you can work with the data. From there you can use the Lookup Transformations in SSIS to do the matching to populate your master data based on your mentioned criteria. You could also use the same lookup transformation with the CSV as the source without going into the table, but I like to stage the data so that there is an opportunity to do any additional cleanup that's needed. Either way though, the lookup transformation would provide the functionality that you're looking for.

Related

The best way to Update the database table through a pyspark job

I have a spark job that gets data from multiple sources and aggregates into one table. The job should update the table only if there is new data.
One approach I could think of is to fetch the data from the existing table, and compare with the new data that comes in. The comparison happens in the spark layer.
I was wondering if there is any better way to compare, that can improve the comparison performance.
Please let me know if anyone has a suggestion on this.
Thanks much in advance.
One approach I could think of is to fetch the data from the existing
table, and compare with the new data that comes in
IMHO entire data compare to load new data is not performant.
Option 1:
Instead you can create google-bigquery partition table and create a partition column to load the data and also while loading new data you can check whether the new data has same partition column.
Hitting partition level data in hive or bigquery is more useful/efficient than selecting entire data and comparing in spark.
Same is applicable for hive as well.
see this Creating partitioned tables
or
Creating and using integer range partitioned tables
Option 2:
Another alternative is with GOOGLE bigquery we have merge statement, if your requirement is to merge the data with out comparision, then you can go ahead with MERGE statement .. see doc link below
A MERGE statement is a DML statement that can combine INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE operations into a single statement and perform the operations atomically.
Using this, We can get performance improvement because all three operations (INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE) are performed in one pass. We do not need to write an individual statement to update changes in the target table.
There are many ways this problem can be solved, one of the less expensive, performant and scalable way is to use a datastore on the file system to determine true new data.
As data comes in for the 1st time write it to 2 places - database and to a file (say in s3). If data is already on the database then you need to initialize the local/s3 file with table data.
As data comes in 2nd time onwards, check if it is new based its presence on local/s3 file.
Mark delta data as new or updated. Export this to database as insert or update.
As time goes by this file will get bigger and bigger. Define a date range beyond which updated data won’t be coming. Regularly truncate this file to keep data within that time range.
You can also bucket and partition this data. You can use deltalake to maintain it too.
One downside is that whenever database is updated this file may need to be updated based on relevant data is being Changed or not. You can maintain a marker on the database table to signify sync date. Index that column too. Read changed records based on this column and update the file/deltalake.
This way your sparl app will be less dependent on a database. The database operations are not very scalable so keeping them away from critical path is better
Shouldnt you have a last update time in you DB? The approach you are using doesnt sound scalable so if you had a way to set update time to each row in the table it will solve the problem.

BigQuery: Best way to handle frequent schema changes?

Our BigQuery schema is heavily nested/repeated and constantly changes. For example, a new page, form, or user-info field to the website would correspond to new columns for in BigQuery. Also if we stop using a certain form, the corresponding deprecated columns will be there forever because you can't delete columns in Bigquery.
So we're going to eventually result in tables with hundreds of columns, many of which are deprecated, which doesn't seem like a good solution.
The primary alternative I'm looking into is to store everything as json (for example where each Bigquery table will just have two columns, one for timestamp and another for the json data). Then batch jobs that we have running every 10minutes will perform joins/queries and write to aggregated tables. But with this method, I'm concerned about increasing query-job costs.
Some background info:
Our data comes in as protobuf and we update our bigquery schema based off the protobuf schema updates.
I know one obvious solution is to not use BigQuery and just use a document storage instead, but we use Bigquery as both a data lake and also as a data warehouse for BI and building Tableau reports off of. So we have jobs that aggregates raw data into tables that serve Tableau.
The top answer here doesn't work that well for us because the data we get can be heavily nested with repeats: BigQuery: Create column of JSON datatype
You are already well prepared, you layout several options in your question.
You could go with the JSON table and to maintain low costs
you can use a partition table
you can cluster your table
so instead of having just two timestamp+json column I would add 1 partitioned column and 5 cluster colums as well. Eventually even use yearly suffixed tables. This way you have at least 6 dimensions to scan only limited number of rows for rematerialization.
The other would be to change your model, and do an event processing middle-layer. You could first wire all your events either to Dataflow or Pub/Sub then process it there and write to bigquery as a new schema. This script would be able to create tables on the fly with the schema you code in your engine.
Btw you can remove columns, that's rematerialization, you can rewrite the same table with a query. You can rematerialize to remove duplicate rows as well.
I think this use case can be implemeted using Dataflow (or Apache Beam) with Dynamic Destination feature in it. The steps of dataflow would be like:
read the event/json from pubsub
flattened the events and put filter on the columns which you want to insert into BQ table.
With Dynamic Destination you will be able to insert the data into the respective tables
(if you have various event of various types). In Dynamic destination
you can specify the schema on the fly based on the fields in your
json
Get the failed insert records from the Dynamic
Destination and write it to a file of specific event type following some windowing based on your use case (How frequently you observe such issues).
read the file and update the schema once and load the file to that BQ table
I have implemented this logic in my use case and it is working perfectly fine.

Pentaho Data Integration - Star schema (PostgreSQL)

I have a CSV file with data and the database I need for the star schema.
However, the CSV file doesn't have the ID's of the dimensions tables (the primary keys), which means I only get those ID's after inserting the data into the dimension's tables (the ID will be an auto-increment value).
This means that first I need to load the data into the dimensions and after that, I need to read the dimensions tables (to know the ID's) and the remaning data from the CSV file and load all that into the facts table.
To load the data into the dimensions,I made this Transformation and it works perfectly.
The problem is in getting the ID's from the tables (and, simultaneously, the remaning data from the CSV file) and load all that into the facts table.
I don't know if it is even possible to do all this in a single Transformation.
Any suggestions ?
I would really appreciate any help you could provide. (A sketch of the correct Transformation would be great)
This entire thing is possible in one job not in one transformation.
Create a job,inside that select two transformation.
First load the dimension table using first transformation and in next transformation load the fact table.

SSIS Migration - Pulling IDs from dest DB?

So I'm working on migrating some data to a new server. In the new server, each entry in the MAIN table is assigned a new GUID when the transfer takes place. A few other tables must be migrated, and their records must link to the GUID in the MAIN table. Example...
WorksheetID --- GUID
1245677903 --- 1
AccidentID --- WorksheetID --- Guid
12121412 --- 1245677903 --- 1
The guid is used moreso for versioning purposes, but my question is this. In SSIS, is there any way to pull the Worksheet's GUID from the destination database and assign it directly to the entries in the 'Accident' table? Or do I have to just dump the data into the source DB and run some scripts to get everything nicely referenced? Any help would be greatly appreciated.
There's always the Lookup transformation No need for sorts to use it.
I seem to answer a few question on using the lookup transformation
ssis lookup with derived columns?
Excel Source as Lookup Transformation Connection
Using SSIS, How do I find the cities with the largest population?
SSIS LookUp is not dealing with NULLs like the docs say it should
You should be able to do this using a Merge Join Transformation. You might need to pass your data through a Sort Transformation first before merging them.
Your inputs to the Merge Join Transformation will be the Accident table from your source data and the Worksheet table from your destination database. Just do the merge join on the WorksheetID.

Field specific errors for ETL

I am creating a ETL process in MS SQL Server and I would like to have errors specific to a particular column of a particular row. For example, the data is initially loaded from excel files into a table(we'll call the Initial table) where all columns are varchar(2000) and then I stage the data to another table(the DataTypedTable) that contains more specific data types (datetime,int, etc.) or more tightly constrained varchar lengths. I need to be able to create error messages for a specific field such as:
"Jan. 13th" is not a valid date format for the submission date. Please use a format of MM/DD/YYYY
These error messages would need to be stored in some way such that later in the process a automated process can create reports with the error messages such that each message references a specific row and field(someone will need to go back and correct the data in the source system and resubmit the excel file). So ideally it would be inserted into a Failures tables of some sort and contain the primary key of the failed row, the column name, and the error message.
Question: So I am wondering if this can be accomplished with SSIS, or some open source tool like Talend, and if so, what would be your general approach? Or what hand coded approach you would take?
Couple approaches I've thought of using SQL(up until no I have done ETL by hand in SQL procs, but I want to consider other approaches. Possible C# even.):
Use a cursor to read through the Initial table, and for each row insert a blank record with only the primary key into the DataTyped table, then use a single update statement for each column, such that if that update fails I can insert a very specific error message specific to that column in the error messages table.
Insert all the data as is into the DataTyped table, but have duplicate columns like SubmissionDate and SubmissionDateOld. After the initial insert the *Old columns have data, the rest are blank, and I have a single update for each column that sets the SubmissionDate based on the SubmissionDateOld.
In addition to suggesting an approach, I'd like to know if you are using that approach or something similar already in the work you do.
I use the aproach where I put a conditional split into the data flow. The records which fail the conditions (invalid date, no data in a required field, etc.) are then sent to an exception table which includes the record identifier, the bad data, the reason it failed. You can then later on create a spreadsheet or text file of errors from this information to send back to the group providing the file. Good records of course go to the pther path and are inserted into the table.
How about some cleaning/transformation before loading into the staging (what you call initial tables) tables? Dump the data from Excel to a tab or comma separated file and then use some programming languages of your choice to do the data cleansing that you have noted. Also, how big is each data load? You can make use of multi-threaded or multi-process application to handle major loads (like loading few million rows at a time). During this process any error you encounter can be loaded into the exception table with identifier, error and comment details. This technique helps in having better control during data cleaning phase.
If the load is not that high and you want to do most of your work in database (SQL), then you may want to do as much data profiling as possible and have good understading of possible data variations that you can expect. With that you can use appropriate component (Talend or SSIS) to do the transformation or control the data flow. Also, by using regular expressions you can catch any entity that deviates from the set rule.