I need to be able to calculate the duration (in seconds) between two time stamps as an aggregate over a time series using a default end_datetime if it is null.
Imagine you have something like a punch card when you puch in and out:
username, start_datetime, end_datetime
What I want is a generated time series of the last N minutes with the duration for all users that overlap within that time frame. So it would be the SUM(end_datetime - start_datetime) where you would COALESCE a default end_datetime if it is null.
So the basic pieces I think I need are:
Generate the time interval:
select TIMESTAMP '2013-01-01 12:01:00' - (interval '1' minute * generate_series(0,5)) as timestamps;
COALESCE a default end_datetime
COALESCE(end_datetime, NOW())
Figure out the seconds difference between the start and end dates
So if one user logged in at 11:56:50 and it is now 12:01:40 we should get a table like:
timestamps duration
-------------------------------------
2013-01-01 12:01:00 40
2013-01-01 12:00:00 60
2013-01-01 11:59:00 60
2013-01-01 11:58:00 60
2013-01-01 11:57:00 60
2013-01-01 11:56:00 10
with t as (select '2013-01-01 11:56:50'::timestamp startt, '2013-01-01 12:01:40'::timestamp endt)
select
timestamps,
extract(epoch from
case
when timestamps=date_trunc('minute',startt) then date_trunc('minute',startt) + interval '1 minute' - startt
when timestamps =date_trunc('minute',endt) then endt- date_trunc('minute',endt)
else interval '60 seconds' end) as durations
from
(select generate_series(date_trunc('minute',startt),date_trunc('minute',endt),'1 minute') timestamps, * from t) a
order by
timestamps desc;
2013-01-01 12:01:00;40
2013-01-01 12:00:00;60
2013-01-01 11:59:00;60
2013-01-01 11:58:00;60
2013-01-01 11:57:00;60
2013-01-01 11:56:00;10
If you have multiple rows with start and end timestamp than the following will work:
select
id,
timestamps,
extract(epoch from
case
when timestamps=date_trunc('minute',startt) then date_trunc('minute',startt) + interval '1 minute' - startt
when timestamps =date_trunc('minute',endt) then endt- date_trunc('minute',endt)
else interval '60 seconds' end) as durations
from
(
select
id,
generate_series(date_trunc('minute',startt) ,
coalesce(date_trunc('minute',endt),date_trunc('minute',Now())),'1 minute') as timestamps,
startt, endt
from test
) a
order by
id, timestamps desc
SQLFiddle
Related
I'm trying to generate 2 series of timestamps with 30 minute interval like so:
interval_start,interval_end
2023-01-30 05:30:00.000000 +00:00,2023-01-30 06:00:00.000000 +00:00
2023-01-30 05:00:00.000000 +00:00,2023-01-30 05:30:00.000000 +00:00
2023-01-30 04:30:00.000000 +00:00,2023-01-30 05:00:00.000000 +00:00
I can generate each series but cannot combine them:
select *
from unnest(GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01', interval 30 minute)) start_times
select *
from unnest(GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY(TIMESTAMP_ADD('2020-01-01', interval 30 MINUTE), '2021-01-01', interval 30 minute)) end_times
Consider below:
WITH intervals AS (
select *
from unnest(GENERATE_TIMESTAMP_ARRAY('2020-01-01', '2021-01-01', interval 30 minute)) interval_start
)
SELECT
interval_start, TIMESTAMP_ADD(interval_start, interval 30 minute) interval_end
FROM intervals
Output:
I am trying write a query where time stamps are in Unix format.
The objective of the query is group by these time stamps in five minute segments and to count each unique Id in those segments.
Is there a simple way of doing this?
The result looking for this
Time_utc Id count
25/07/2019 1600 1 3
25/07/2019 1600 2 1
25/07/2019 1605 1 4
You haven't shown data, so as a starting point you can group the Unix timestamps by dividing by 300 (for 5 minutes worth of seconds):
select 300 * floor(unix_ts/300) as unix_five_minute,
timestamp '1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC'
+ (300*floor(unix_ts/300)) * interval '1' second as oracle_timestamp,
count(*)
from cte2
group by floor(unix_ts/300);
or if you have millisecond precision adjust by a factor of 1000:
select 300000 * floor(unix_ts/300000) as unix_five_minute,
timestamp '1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC'
+ (300*floor(unix_ts/300000)) * interval '1' second as oracle_timestamp,
count(*)
from cte2
group by floor(unix_ts/300000);
Demo using made-up data generated from current time:
-- CTEs to generate some sample data
with cte1 (oracle_interval) as (
select systimestamp - level * interval '42' second
- timestamp '1970-01-01 00:00:00.0 UTC'
from dual
connect by level <= 30
),
cte2 (unix_ts) as (
select trunc(
extract(day from oracle_interval) * 86400000
+ extract(hour from oracle_interval) * 3600000
+ extract(minute from oracle_interval) * 60000
+ extract(second from oracle_interval) * 1000
)
from cte1
)
-- actual query
select 300000 * floor(unix_ts/300000) as unix_five_minute,
timestamp '1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC'
+ (300*floor(unix_ts/300000)) * interval '1' second as oracle_timestamp,
count(*)
from cte2
group by floor(unix_ts/300000);
UNIX_FIVE_MINUTE ORACLE_TIMESTAMP COUNT(*)
---------------- ------------------------- ----------------
1564072500000 2019-07-25 16:35:00.0 UTC 7
1564072200000 2019-07-25 16:30:00.0 UTC 7
1564071600000 2019-07-25 16:20:00.0 UTC 4
1564071900000 2019-07-25 16:25:00.0 UTC 8
1564072800000 2019-07-25 16:40:00.0 UTC 4
Unix time stamps such as 155639.600 or 155639.637
Those are unusual values; Unix/epoch times are usually 10-digit numbers, or 13 digits for millisecond precision. Assuming (or rather, guessing) that they are tenths of a second for some reason:
-- CTE for sample data
with cte (unix_ts) as (
select 155639.600 from dual
union all
select 155639.637 from dual
)
-- actual query
select 300 * floor(unix_ts*10000/300) as unix_five_minute,
timestamp '1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC'
+ (300*floor(unix_ts*10000/300)) * interval '1' second as oracle_timestamp,
count(*)
from cte
group by floor(unix_ts*10000/300);
UNIX_FIVE_MINUTE ORACLE_TIMESTAMP COUNT(*)
---------------- ------------------------- ----------------
1556396100 2019-04-27 20:15:00.0 UTC 1
1556395800 2019-04-27 20:10:00.0 UTC 1
The 10000/300 could be simplified to 100/3, but I think it's clearer left as it is.
So, my aim is to be able to count time spent on certain activities in hour ranges.
My data contains: start of the certain activity and end of that activity,
for example I know that someone had break from '2019-01-09 17:04:34' to '2019-01-09 19:55:03'.
My aim is to calculate that this person spent 55 minutes on break in interval '17-18', 60 minutes on '18-19' and 55 minutes on '19-20'.
My idea was to always split the source so for the row containing start and and of the activity I would receive as many rows as my time range split in the hour ranges (for this sample data I would receive 3: rows with '2019-01-09 17:04:34' to '2019-01-09 17:59:59', '2019-01-09 18:00:00' to '2019-01-09 18:59:59' and '2019-01-09 19:00:00' to '2019-01-09 19:55:03')
If I could obtain something like that I could manage to count all things I need to. I predict that to obtain this result I should use CTE (as we don't know in how many ranges we need to split time interval), but I have no experience in it.
Hopefully I managed to explain my problem clearly. I work on oracle sql developer.
I'd be very grateful for your help on at least some tips.
Since you mentioned recursion, this uses recursive subquery factoring:
-- CTE for sample data
with your_table (id, start_time, end_time) as (
select 1, timestamp '2019-01-09 17:04:34', timestamp '2019-01-09 19:55:03' from dual
union all
select 2, timestamp '2019-01-09 23:47:01', timestamp '2019-01-10 02:05:03' from dual
union all
select 3, timestamp '2019-01-09 18:01:01', timestamp '2019-01-09 18:02:07' from dual
union all
select 4, timestamp '2019-01-09 13:00:00', timestamp '2019-01-09 14:00:01' from dual
),
-- recursive CTE
rcte (id, hour_period, minutes, period_start_time, end_time, hour_num) as (
select id,
-- first period is the original start hour
extract(hour from start_time),
-- minutes in first period, which can end at the end of that hour, or at original
-- end time if earlier
case when extract(minute from end_time) = 0
and end_time >= cast(trunc(start_time, 'HH') as timestamp) + interval '1' hour
then 60
else extract(minute from
least(cast(trunc(start_time, 'HH') as timestamp) + interval '1' hour, end_time)
- start_time
)
end,
-- calculate next period start
cast(trunc(start_time, 'HH') as timestamp) + interval '1' hour,
-- original end time
end_time,
-- first hour period (for later ordering)
1
from your_table
union all
select id,
-- this period's hour value
extract(hour from period_start_time),
-- minutes in this period - either 60 if we haven't reach the end time yet;
-- or if we have then the number of minutes from the end time
case when end_time < period_start_time + interval '1' hour
then extract(minute from end_time)
else 60
end,
-- calculate next period start
period_start_time + interval '1' hour,
-- original end time
end_time,
-- increment hour period (for later ordering)
hour_num + 1
from rcte
where period_start_time < end_time
)
select id, hour_period, minutes
from rcte
order by id, hour_num;
ID HOUR_PERIOD MINUTES
---------- ----------- ----------
1 17 55
1 18 60
1 19 55
2 23 12
2 0 60
2 1 60
2 2 5
3 18 1
4 13 60
4 14 0
It find finds the amount of time spent in the first hour of the period in the anchor member, then recursively looks at subsequent hours until the end time is reached, increasing the passed-on period end time each time; and in the recursive member it checks whether to use a fixed 60 minutes (if it knows the end time hasn't been reached) or use the actual minutes from the end time.
My example periods include ones that span midnight, cover less than an hour, and that start in the first minute of an hour - and which end in the first minute of an hour, which (in my calculation anyway) ends up with a row for that hour anyway and the number of minutes as zero. You can easily filter that out if you don't want to see it.
It is not entirely clear from your post how you want to handle non-zero seconds components (what combination of rounding and/or truncation). In any case, that can be coded easily, once a complete set of non-contradictory rules is agreed upon.
Other than that, your question consists of two parts: identify the proper hours for each id (each activity or event), and the duration of the part of that event during that hour. In the query below, using the CONNECT BY hierarchical technique, I generate the hours and the duration as an interval day to second. As I said, that can be converted to minutes (between 0 and 60) once you clarify the rounding rules.
with
your_table (id, start_time, end_time) as (
select 1, timestamp '2019-01-09 17:04:34', timestamp '2019-01-09 19:55:03'
from dual union all
select 2, timestamp '2019-01-09 23:47:01', timestamp '2019-01-10 02:05:03'
from dual union all
select 3, timestamp '2019-01-09 18:01:01', timestamp '2019-01-09 18:02:07'
from dual union all
select 4, timestamp '2019-01-09 13:00:00', timestamp '2019-01-09 14:00:01'
from dual
)
select id,
trunc(start_time, 'hh') + interval '1' hour * (level - 1) as hr,
case when level = 1 and connect_by_isleaf = 1
then end_time - start_time
when level = 1
then trunc(start_time, 'hh') + interval '1' hour - start_time
when connect_by_isleaf = 1
then end_time - trunc(end_time, 'hh')
else interval '1' hour
end as duration
from your_table
connect by trunc(start_time, 'hh') + interval '1' hour * (level - 1) < end_time
and prior id = id
and prior sys_guid() is not null
;
Output:
ID HR DURATION
---------- ------------------- -------------------
1 2019-01-09 17:00:00 +00 00:55:26.000000
1 2019-01-09 18:00:00 +00 01:00:00.000000
1 2019-01-09 19:00:00 +00 00:55:03.000000
2 2019-01-09 23:00:00 +00 00:12:59.000000
2 2019-01-10 00:00:00 +00 01:00:00.000000
2 2019-01-10 01:00:00 +00 01:00:00.000000
2 2019-01-10 02:00:00 +00 00:05:03.000000
3 2019-01-09 18:00:00 +00 00:01:06.000000
4 2019-01-09 13:00:00 +00 01:00:00.000000
4 2019-01-09 14:00:00 +00 00:00:01.000000
I would like to run the query to show the data before 30 days and after 30 days, I know i should use CURRENT TIMESTAMP to do this and I'm able to run data before 30 days but not after 30 days. Below is my query and kindly advise this situation. Thanks!
COB.COB_FA > CURRENT TIMESTAMP - 30 days and COB.COB_FA > CURRENT TIMESTAMP + 30 days
I think you simply want or:
COB.COB_FA < CURRENT TIMESTAMP - interval '30' day or
COB.COB_FA > CURRENT TIMESTAMP + '30' day
Try below with current_timestamp (+/-) interval '30' day
COB.COB_FA < current_timestamp - interval '30' day or COB.COB_FA > current_timestamp + interval '30' day
sysdate can do this.
`COB.COB_FA between sysdate - 30 and sysdate + 30
this will work:
create table table_date(dd date);
insert into table_date values(trunc(sysdate));
insert into table_date values(trunc(sysdate)+1);
insert into table_date values(trunc(sysdate)+2);
insert into table_date values(trunc(sysdate)+9);
insert into table_date values(add_months(trunc(sysdate),-5));
//inserting more of them
alter session set nls_date_format = 'dd/MON/yyyy hh24:mi:ss';
SELECT * FROM table_date order by dd;
11/MAY/2018 00:00:00
11/JUL/2018 00:00:00
11/OCT/2018 00:00:00
12/OCT/2018 00:00:00
13/OCT/2018 00:00:00
18/OCT/2018 00:00:00
20/OCT/2018 00:00:00
11/JAN/2019 00:00:00
11/MAR/2019 00:00:00
SELECT * FROM table_date where dd>add_months(current_timestamp,1) or
dd<add_months(current_timestamp,-1);
sample output:
11/JAN/2019 00:00:00
11/MAR/2019 00:00:00
11/JUL/2018 00:00:00
11/MAY/2018 00:00:00
I have to generate a list with two columns of day intervals for every month in a specific period. First column must be the first day of month and the second column the last day of month.
Example:
Start date: 2014-01-01
End date: 2014-06-30
The result should be in two columns:
1. 2014-01-01 | 2014-01-31
2. 2014-02-01 | 2014-02-28
3. 2014-03-01 | 2014-03-31
4. 2014-04-01 | 2014-04-30
5. 2014-05-01 | 2014-05-31
6. 2014-06-01 | 2014-06-30
I have two functions that get the first and last day from a date.
I am trying to combine two series but with no luck.
select i::date
from generate_series(first_day('2014-01-01')
,first_day('2014-06-30'), '1 month'::interval) i
select i::date
from generate_series(last_day('2014-01-01')
,last_day('2014-06-30'), '1 month'::interval) i
The second function does not show the last day correctly when it is in the series.
Based on this answer:
select d::date as start_date,(d + '1 month'::interval - '1 day'::interval )::date end_date
from generate_series('2014-01-01'::date, '2014-06-30'::date, '1 month'::interval) d
Add a month and subtract a day - in a single interval expression:
SELECT d AS mon_first
, d + interval '1 month - 1 day' AS mon_last
FROM generate_series(timestamp '2014-01-01'
, timestamp '2014-06-30'
, interval '1 month') d;
The manual about interval input
Further reading ("end of day" is very similar to "last day of month"):
How to get the end of a day?
About generating a time series:
Generating time series between two dates in PostgreSQL