Oracle SQL automatically converts my field D.START_DT to the following format:
TO_CHAR(D.START_DT,'YYYY-MM-DD')
Which makes it difficult for me to modify my own date format.
I've tried wrapping another TO_CHAR around it with no luck.
TO_CHAR(TO_CHAR(D.START_DT,'YYYY-MM-DD'), 'MM/DD')
And I've tried SUBSTR to select certain characters, with no luck. I think the hyphen is getting int he way.
SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(D.START_DT,'YYYY-MM-DD'), 6, 7) || '/' || SUBSTR(TO_CHAR(D.START_DT,'YYYY-MM-DD'), 9, 10)
What is the work around for this?
I agree with RMAN Express and see no problems converting dates to any format you need...
In case you still have problems try this (first to_char() in outer query is optional):
SELECT to_char(to_date(some_date, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), 'MM/DD') final_date
FROM
(
SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'YYYY-MM-DD') some_date -- this is your "auto converted" date
FROM dual
)
/
A DATE datatype has no format. When you see a date printed on a screen, there was something that APPLIED the format you see. Could be a "default" in the program you are using (like SQL Developer) or your NLS setting, etc. But, a DATE datatype has no format. So, you have complete control over the format you see on screen.
The simplest is to use the TO_CHAR function:
select TO_CHAR(D.START_DT,'YYYY') from dual;
returns just the four digit year.
See TO_CHAR date format options.
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e26088/sql_elements004.htm#CDEHIFJA
You should always supply the format in your code and not rely on some other "default" to supply it.
Related
When running
select processing_date from table;
i got this result "04-30-2020 20.12.49.978711"
what i want to change the format of the result to "30-APR-20"
is there a way i can do that ?
i tried select to_date(processing_date,'mm-dd-yyyy') from table; but it gives me errors
any help ?
You want to_char():
select to_char(processing_date, 'MM-DD-YYYY')
Dates are stored as an internal format, which you cannot change. If you want the date formatted in a particular way, then one solution is to convert to a string with the format you want.
EDIT:
The date appears to be a string. You can convert it to a date using:
select to_date(substr(processing_date, 1, 10), 'MM-DD-YYYY')
You can then either use as-is or use to_date() to get the format you really want.
I am trying to get the idea of char(7) in the following SQL in Teradata:
SELECT current_date (FORMAT'YYYY-MM') (char(7));
as far as it forces the display of the correct format, exactly as specified.
When I try without char(7) at the end, the format is not as specified, e.g.:
SELECT current_date (FORMAT 'YYYY-MM');
returns the day as well, ignoring the format command:
As a subquestion - is this the correct way to display the month and the year from a date column? (with char(7))
I would suggest using TO_CHAR here:
SELECT TO_CHAR(CURRENT_DATE, 'YYYY-MM');
This takes the guesswork out of your problem, as the contract of TO_CHAR is to return a string representation of the input datetime using the format mask you specify. You do not need to worry about requesting a certain string width.
For some reason (I have no control over this) dates are stored as Integers in an iSeries AS400 DB2 system that I need to query. E.g. today will be stored as:
20,171,221
Being in the UK I need it to be like the below in Date format:
21/12/2017
This is from my query: (OAORDT = date field)
Select
Date(SUBSTR( CHAR( OAORDT ),7,2) ||'/' || SUBSTR(CHAR ( OAORDT ),5,2) || '/' || SUBSTR(CHAR (OAORDT ),1,4)) AS "Order Date"
from some.table
However, all I get is Nulls. If I remove the Date function, then it does work but its now a string, which I don't want:
Select
SUBSTR( CHAR( OAORDT ),7,2) ||'/' || SUBSTR(CHAR ( OAORDT ),5,2) || '/' || SUBSTR(CHAR (OAORDT ),1,4) AS "Order Date"
from some.table
How do I convert the OAORDT field to Date?
Just to update - I will be querying this from MS SQL Server using an OpenQuery
Thanks.
1) How do I convert the OAORDT field to Date?
Simplest is to use TIMESTAMP_FORMAT :
SELECT DATE(TIMESTAMP_FORMAT(CHAR(OAORDT),'YYYYMMDD'))
2) Being in the UK I need it to be [...] in Date format 21/12/2017 :
SELECT VARCHAR_FORMAT(DATE(TIMESTAMP_FORMAT(CHAR(OAORDT),'YYYYMMDD')),'DD/MM/YYYY')
Note, you didn't specify where you are doing this, but since you tagged as ibm-midrange, I am answering for embedded SQL. If you want JDBC, or ODBC, or interactive SQL, the concept is similar, just the means of achieving it is different.
Make sure SQL is using dates in the correct format, it defaults to *ISO. For you it should be *EUR. In RPG, you can do it this way:
exec sql set option *datfmt = *EUR;
Make sure that set option is the first SQL statement in your program, I generally put it immediately between D and C specs.
Note that this is not an optimal solution for a program. Best practice is to set the RPG and SQL date formats both to *ISO. I like to do that explicitly. RPG date format is set by
ctl-opt DatFmt(*ISO);
SQL date format is set by
exec sql set option *datfmt = *ISO;
Now all internal dates are processed in *ISO format, and have no year range limitation (year can be 0001 - 9999). And you can display or print in any format you please. Likewise, you can receive input in any format you please.
Edit Dates are a unique beast. Not every language, nor OS knows how to handle them. If you are looking for a Date value, the only format you need to specify is the format of the string you are converting to a Date. You don't need to (can't) specify the internal format of the Date field, and the external format of a Date field can be mostly anything you want, and different each time you use it. So when you use TIMESTAMP_FORMAT() as #Stavr00 mentioned:
DATE(TIMESTAMP_FORMAT(CHAR(OAORDT),'YYYYMMDD'))
The format provided is not the format of the Date field, but the format of the data being converted to a Timestamp. Then the Date() function converts the Timestamp value into a Date value. At this point format doesn't matter because regardless of which external format you have specified by *DATFMT, the timestamp is in the internal timestamp format, and the date value is in the internal date format. The next time the format matters is when you present the Date value to a user as a string or number. At that point the format can be set to *ISO, *EUR, *USA, *JIS, *YMD, *MDY, *DMY, or *JUL, and in some cases *LONGJUL and the *Cxxx formats are available.
Since none of variants suited my needs I've came out with my own.
It is as simple as:
select * from yourschema.yourtable where yourdate = int(CURRENT DATE - 1 days) - 19000000;
This days thing is leap year-aware and suits most needs fine.
Same way days can be turned to months or years.
No need for heavy artillery like VARCHAR_FORMAT/TIMESTAMP_FORMAT.
Below worked for me:
select date(substring(trim(DateCharCol), 1, 2)||'/'||substring(trim(DateCharCol), 3, 2)||'/'||'20'||substring(trim(DateCharCol), 5, 2)) from yourTable where TableCol =?;
SELECT to_date(to_char(SYSTIMESTAMP, 'MM/DD/YYYY'), 'MM/DD/YYYY') FROM DUAL;
==> 04-MAR-16
Can anybody explain why this select statement doesn't result in '03/04/2016'?
How can I write my selection so that it does result in this, as a date type? I have also tried
SELECT to_date(to_char(trunc(SYSTIMESTAMP), 'MM/DD/YYYY'), 'MM/DD/YYYY') FROM DUAL
with the same result.
When a date is returned by a query and displayed, it obviously needs to be formatted in some way. The way a date-type value is formatted is not determined by the query, but by the tool that executes your query and displays the result.
In the case of SQL developer you can set that format as follows:
Choose menu Tools > Preferences.
In the Preferences dialog, select Database > NLS from the left panel.
From the list of NLS parameters, enter "MM/DD/YYYY"
Save and close
See also this question.
Note that to convert a timestamp to date you need just to truncate it: trunc(SYSTIMESTAMP). Converting it to string and then back to a date is unnecessary.
You are converting a datetime to a string and back to a date. Your system defaults the date format to DD-MMM-YY for output purposes; this is the normal default for date in Oracle.
It is important to understand that the internal data structure for date/time types has nothing to do with how they are presented. So, if you want it in another format, convert to a string using to_char().
If you want to change the default format, then look at NLS_DATE_FORMAT. The documentation is here.
There must be a very simple answer, but I can't find it anywhere.
I have the following which is a section of my select statement:
case when q.renewal_date is not null then
to_date(q._renewal_date, 'DD/MM/YYYY')
else
to_date(w.END_DATE, 'DD/MM/YYYY')
end END_DATE,
according to all of the docs I can find the MM should give the month in numbers however I'm getting results such as:
30-SEP-12
26-JUN-11
30-SEP-12
It's also interesting that they're hyphenated (-) and not with slashes (/).
So what's the reason for this and how do I achieve what I want?
Assuming w.end_Date and q._renewal_date are actual dates, you want to to_char them, not to_date. At present I would say you are seeing the dates in the format specified by your NLS settings. (If they are not dates, you are converting them to dates, but still letting your NLS settings choose the format you view it in)
As you are TO_DATEing the value it is stored by Oracle internally as a date. It is displayed back to you using your NLS_DATE settings value which i would assume are set to DD-MON-YY by default.
You can check with
SELECT *
FROM v$parameter
WHERE name = 'nls_date_format';
You'll need to either alter your NLS_DATE_FORMAT setting (either for your session or for the DB) or TO_CHAR the output to the format you want to see.
to_date converts a string to a date. The code you have is taking a string (q._renewal_date) in 'DD/MM/YYYY' format and converting it to a date. What you are seeing is the default rendering of the date field.
Depending on what type q._renewal_date is, you probably need to use a different conversion/formatting function.