I have created a Visual Studio 2012 C++/CX project that targets both WinPhone 8 and WinRT. The solution can be downloaded here (Hybrid.zip) if anyone is interested.
Unfortunately, it doesn’t work as expected with the solution platforms. Two platforms are working properly:
If I select solution platform ARM, a native ARM WinPhone binary is built.
If I select solution platform x64, a native 64-bit Windows binary is built.
However I have trouble with Win32. The Windows Phone SDK understands Win32 as “WinPhone x86 binary for the simulator” whereas the Windows SDK understands Win32 as “Windows x86 native binary”. The same project platform is used for two very different things!
I have tried creating a solution platform WinPhoneEmu. However, I have no idea how to create a project platform that will let me have two different platform configuration choices Win32 and WinPhoneEmu that behave as I expect. How could I do that?
I'm pretty sure this is explicitly not supported. The primary reason being that the XAML syntax between WinRT and Phone is similar, but not exactly compatible (phone is Silverlight-ish, WinRT is some weird new thing).
The best way to target both is to have a total of 3 projects:
A portable class library targeting Phone and WinRT where all your logic goes
A UI layer for WinRT that links to the PCL
A UI layer for Phone that links to the PCL
If I've understood you correctly, in this situation you need to select both platform (x86, x64, ARM) and target (Device, Emulator) manually. You can do it easily by adding platform selector in Visual Studio toolbar. Tools -> Customize -> Commands -> Toolbar -> Standard, then add 'Solution Platforms" command. This is a combo box with x86, x64, ARM, Any CPU, etc. Then you'll be able to select, say, x86 + Emulator WXGA for WP8 emulator, or x86 + Device for W8 device:
... and here how it will look in VS after that:
Related
I want to create an IoT application in VisualStudio 2015 community and want to add a reference to Windows Portable Device, which is a COM library. But the whole COM tab is missing from the references window. Is there a way to include COM libraries in Windows 10 Core IoT, or is that impossible? If the second, does that mean I would have to write drivers for any USB devices myself?
Windows Core libraries are included. Many legacy libraries have been reworked into those core libraries. I suggest checking the core libraries for the functionality you are looking for. Libraries need to be compatible with the Windows Universal Platform.
You will need to write drivers for non-supported devices.
When sharing code between Windows Phone 8 and Windows 8, the two core options for developers are 1) Windows Runtime Components and 2) Portal Class Libraries.
Windows Runtime Components use WinRT and can be projected into all the supported languages. They require linked files in separate projects (binaries) when used on different platforms. They, however, share 90% of the available WinRT APIs.
Portable Class Libraries are a subset (sometimes a significant subset) of the BCL that has binary compatibility across platforms. They can be used on WinRT applications but also on other project types like Silverlight, Xbox, etc.
When a developer is choosing a "sharing strategy" which project type is the go-to technique to do the best job sharing code between Windows Phone 8 and Windows 8? Thanks.
It depends what form of sharing you need:
1) If you have a common C++ business logic layer you can use Windows Runtime (WinRT) components to expose this to both Windows Phone and Windows Store app (that's the only use-case for Windows Phone as you can't write a WP8 app using JavaScript or use .NET to author a WinRT component).
You'd have to build two separate WinRT components however, one for Phone and one for Windows Store. It should be possible to share the C++/CX code of your WinRT interop layer using preprocessor directives (#if) to mark the platform specific code.
2) You have business logic in C#/VB that only has dependencies on the .NET APIs which are available in a Portable Class Library. Then you can use Portable Class Library (PCL) to contain that logic. Basically if you can build your library into a PCL DLL then this should work. You can then reference this PCL in binary form in both Windows Phone and Windows Store app.
However as Martin has said you need to take care when using 3rd party libraries as these will also need to be built for PCL. Some 3rd party libraries are already available in PCL form (JSON.NET for example).
3) You want to share code for that has platform API dependencies (or 3rd party library dependencies) which are not supported by PCL. Then you'd need to create separate DLL libraries, one per platform. You can avoid code duplication using linked C#/VB source files and use a build flag (#if again) to allow small code changes between your target platforms.
If you want to share code between Windows Phone 8 and Windows 8, then you cannot use Windows Runtime Components, because there are different components used for Windows 8 and different for Windows Phone 8 and they are not interchangeable.
I would go for either Portable Class Libraries for some simple generic libraries, or for code sharing via links and #if WP8 compilation directives - this just works and is more powerful than Portable libs.
Keep also in mind that most external libraries like MVVM Light cannot be referenced in Portable Libs, so if you want to use them, you have to use the code sharing via file references.
For some guidance on how to effectively use Portable Class Libraries to share code between platforms, see this blog post: How to Make Portable Class Libraries Work for You
This question is no longer relevant with the introduction of Windows
Phone 8.1 Universal Apps in Visual Studio 2013 Update 2 which supports
Shared Projects.
Wait a moment, as for me even in Visual Studio 2013 Update 4 this question is still relevant because there are two types of projects there:
Class Library (Portable for Universal Apps) - PCL
and
Windows Runtime Component (Portable for Universal Apps) - WinMD
I can see only one big difference between them:
WinMD uses only WinRT and PCL could be used also with .Net and Silverlight. But I also want to know more about which one and when better to choose.
So I have a Windows Store app using C# targeting Any CPU so that the single app will run on any Windows 8 x86/x64 desktop/tablet or ARM tablet. I need to add some special code in C++ which doesn't seemto have the option to target Any CPU. The code will compile and run both on x86/x64 and if I change the entire solution to ARM it will compile and run there too. So I'm looking for a way to make the C++ target Any CPU which I think is probably impossible. Or have the C++ library compiled multiple times (x86, x64 and ARM) and have all of them included in the appx package. I have spent about 3 hours reading Windows Store development docs on C++/CX and haven't found any way to do this yet. Of course I'll keep looking, but I'm hoping someone else has seen how to do this and can point me in the right direction.
There's no way you can create a single package targetting AnyCPU when you're calling into a native library. You need to create three different packages, one for each target architecture. When you're uploading the app to the store, you can include all three packages.
To simplify the process of building all three packages, you could create a Visual Studio extension (vsix) with all three builds of your native library. In this case the native library for the right platform will be automatically included in each package. Here's a quick tutorial on how to do it.
I have some .NET code that I am looking into porting into being a Windows Store app.
This code does a few different things and one of the things it does has a dependency on being compiled as x86 instead of AnyCPU.
Is this going to be a problem? Can a Metro app be compiled as x86 and still be distributed on the Windows Store? Is being compiled as x86 going to stop it from being able to run in Windows RT? Would I have to come up with a version without this subset of functionality to run in Windows RT? If I can get the code into its own assembly can I just have the Windows RT version not use it? (so, the main executable is AnyCPU and this one assembly is x86).
Can a Metro app be compiled as x86 and still be distributed on the Windows Store?
Yes. However, it would only be installable for x86 installations.
Is being compiled as x86 going to stop it from being able to run in Windows RT?
Since Windows RT is designed to run only on ARM CPUs, compiling for x86 will stop it from being able to run on Windows RT.
Would I have to come up with a version without this subset of functionality to run in Windows RT? If I can get the code into its own assembly can I just have the Windows RT version not use it?
You could use conditional compilation symbols to include/exclude functionality as required in your code. https://stackoverflow.com/a/6587823/61385 shows an example of how to do this.
Just compile whatever libs you need and when you upload to app store just upload the one you want to. Check your apppackages folder and look for the .appxupload files.
I originally assumed that Metro style apps were managed (.NET) assemblies whether they are written in C# or C++ and I thought C++ for Metro style apps would be similar in concept to C++/CLI.
However, I now heard on a DotNet Rocks podcast that Metro style apps written in C++ are native. Nevertheless I understand that Metro style apps run on all three CPU architectures Metro is available for. How is this accomplished? Do Metro style apps come with different binaries and only one is chosen/downloaded? Or is it like on Mac OS X where one binary can contain code for different CPUs?
Code that uses only system or OS services from WinRT can be used
within an app and distributed through the Windows Store for both WOA
and x86/64.
from this MSDN blog page
If you go watch this BUILD video things should start to clear up -- http://channel9.msdn.com/events/BUILD/BUILD2011/TOOL-930C (A .NET developer's view of Windows 8 app development)
Basically there is a CLR (.NET 4.5) running. I didn't say a full CLR. WinRT from a .NET perspective is just a .NET Profile (sort of a way that they can layout the API differently exposing or hiding things). The new WinRT APIs use a new version of [gulp] COM, but it is optimized for use with .NET. I'm not 100% sure on the C++ angle. I suspect with C++, you have a few options. Compile for each platform (arm and x86) or compile to IL. Not sure if this helps you at all (I hope so).