RSpec gives error 'trait not registered: name' - ruby-on-rails-3

Question

I tried to test my Rails 3 application on Windows with RSpec. I've wrote tests and factories, but can't solve the issues which raise when I run RSpec on command line.
Here is one of the test files:
require 'spec_helper'
describe "SignIns" do
it "can sign in" do
user = FactoryGirl.create(:user)
visit new_user_session_path
fill_in "login", with: user.username
fill_in "password", with: user.password
click_on "sign in"
current_user.username.should == user.username
end
end
And here's the factories.rb:
factory :layout do
name "layout1"
end
factory :club do
sequence(:name) { |i| "Club #{i}" }
contact_name "John Doe"
phone "[phone]"
email "#{name}#example.com"
association :layout
end
factory :user do
sequence(:username) { |i| "user#{i}" }
password 'password'
email "test#example.com"
club
end
When I try to run RSpec it gives the following error:
trait not registered: name
#C: in 'object'
#.spec/features/sign_in_spec.rb:11:in 'block (2 levels) in (top(required))
What am I doing wrong?

Answer 1

I know this is an old question, but in case anyone else ends up here when searching "Trait not registered":
When using a dependent attribute like how email depends on name in the :club factory from the question, you need to wrap the attribute in curly braces so it gets lazy evaluated:
email {"#{name}#example.com"}

Answer 2

It's a FactoryGirl error, and it seems you're using (at spec/features/sign_in_spec.rb:11) something like :
FactoryGirl.create :user, :name
This will only work if you registered a trait called name for the Factory user, more on traits here
Note that if you just want to override the name of the created user, the syntax is
FactoryGirl.create :user, name: 'THE NAME'

Answer 3

For future readers' reference:
What didn't work -
ArgumentError:
Trait not registered: user_id
FactoryBot.define do
factory :startup do
user_id
name { FFaker::Lorem.word }
website { FFaker::Internet.uri(host: 'example.com') }
founded_at { "01.01.2000" }
end
end
How I solved this issue using either of these, when everything seemed to look right:
put empty curly braces after user_id
FactoryBot.define do
factory :startup do
user_id {}
name { FFaker::Lorem.word }
website { FFaker::Internet.uri(host: 'example.com') }
founded_at { "01.01.2000" }
end
end
Move user_id below other block-using helpers:
FactoryBot.define do
factory :startup do
name { FFaker::Lorem.word }
website { FFaker::Internet.uri(host: 'example.com') }
founded_at { "01.01.2000" }
user_id
end
end

Answer 4

Another late answer. I banged my head awhile because I forgot my model is very new and I didn't migrate the test database. So the attribute in fact did not exist.
i.e. had to run beforehand
rails db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test

Answer 5

In my case, none of the above(below?) answers helped to solve trait not registered error.
This time it was caused by improper order of loading factories. I've moved a file with declared global traits and FactoryBot started to load it in an improper order.
How did I fix it?
Rename it as, "spec/factories/01_factory_traits" and the issue is solved.
Perhaps there is a better way but it works.