I have created a simple application that works ok. However, now I need to link with some libraries in the following directory.
/opt/norton/lib
In my make file I have the following with works, but I need to use cmake
LIBS_PATH = -L/opt/norton/lib
INC_PATH = -I/opt/norton/inc
LIBS = -lntctrl
In my CMakeList.txt I have this but doesn't work I keep gettng the following error:
undefined reference to `nt_init'
This is my CMakeList.txt
# Includes files
INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES(/opt/norton/inc)
# Link libraries
LINK_DIRECTORIES(/opt/norton/lib)
# Add the library that is used by nt_init
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(-lntctrl)
ADD_LIBRARY(application initialize_nw)
Many thanks for any advice,
Try out TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(ntctrl), the -l flag should not be used there (guess from what I have in mind)
This is how I would write the cmake file:
include_directories(/opt/norton/inc)
link_directories(/opt/norton/lib)
add_executable(application initialize_nw)
target_link_libraries(application ntctrl)
To show what are the actual command lines run during a make, use:
make VERBOSE=1
Maybe this shows you the difference between what you ran manually and the cmake generated commands.
Related
As any GTK project grows, GTK applications tend to be bundled with gresources to separate out code and UI design. This is very useful because UI/UX designers don't need to know code in order to... well design and ultimately contribute their skills and effort to the project.
Not only designers but programmers too benefit a lot! Because code becomes heavily "logic or problem solving" instead of maintaining both UI and logic code together in one single file.
However, to compile our GResource we need glib-compile-resources utility tool. The command usually goes like this:
glib-compile-resources --generate-source --target=<output-file> <input-file>
But how do I create a build script that compiles our gresource files and link it with our target project? I'm still a newbie learning CMake and I've gotten far enough to know what a target is, how to set a variable, how to link a target, and also how to pull in the required GTK packages for linking. But I don't have any clue how to proceed ahead with solving this :(
A solution to this is using add_custom_command() to compile your gresources. But first here's a breakdown of what you need for your CMake script:
Pull in glib-compile-resources as executable program - find_program()
Define how to compile your gresource - add_custom_command()
Then define your custom target - add_custom_target()
Tell CMake that resource is a generated file - set_source_files_properties()
Finally, add your custom target to your project target as a dependency - add_dependencies()
Here's a sample CMake script:
cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
project(dummy)
# Step 1:
find_program(GLIB_COMPILE_RESOURCES NAMES glib-compile-resources REQUIRED)
set(GRESOURCE_C test.gresource.c)
set(GRESOURCE_XML test.gresource.xml)
# Step 2:
add_custom_command(
OUTPUT ${GRESOURCE_C}
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
COMMAND ${GLIB_COMPILE_RESOURCES}
ARGS
--target=${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${GRESOURCE_C}
${GRESOURCE_XML}
VERBATIM
MAIN_DEPENDENCY ${GRESOURCE_XML}
DEPENDS
for.glade
bar.glade
)
# Step 3:
add_custom_target(
dummy-resource
DEPENDS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${GRESOURCE_C}
)
# Step 4:
add_executable(${PROJECT_NAME} dummy.c ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${GRESOURCE_C})
set_source_files_properties(
${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${GRESOURCE_C}
PROPERTIES GENERATED TRUE
)
# Step 5:
add_dependencies(${PROJECT_NAME} dummy-resource)
Brief explanation
add_custom_command()
OUTPUT - This is your generated resource file
WORKING_DIRECTORY - Where your XML and glade files are located
VERBATIM - Makes sure our COMMAND receives ARGS unchanged
MAIN_DEPENDENCY - for glib-compile-resources <input-file>
DEPENDS - Your glade file(s). If any of the file changes then your target build is triggered :)
add_custom_target()
dummy-resource - That's your custom target name
DEPENDS - The output your custom target needs in order to trigger your custom command
set_source_files_properties()
When you first generate your build files using cmake command, your resource file isn't generated yet. So CMake will run into error because it doesn't know where your resource file is or where it's coming from. We need to tell CMake "Don't fail, our resource file is generated later"
Use --generate-dependencies instead of hard-coding
Now you might notice we are duplicating our effort ie., when we add new glade files or remove existing ones (or any other resources such as icon, sounds, css files, etc) we have to edit both our XML and CMake script files. glib-compile-resources already provide dependency generation so we can use that in our CMake script and make it smart.
The trick is to change your .xml file to .xml.in as a configuration file. So when that configuration file changes, you call glib tool with --generate-dependencies, get new dependency output values, and send that to add_custom_command(... DEPENDS). Now we have an intelligent CMake :)
If you want to approach this method then the below post would be really helpful:
Use list as dependencies on add_custom_command
Good luck :)
I'm trying to run AmazonFreeRTOS on my ESP32 (at Windows). After creating build folder in my amazon-freertos main folder I've tried to build it from main folder with
cmake --build .\build
The Error I've got is
include could not find load file: targets
However, there is a idf_functions.cmake file that contains include(targets) command, and the targets.cmake file is in the same folder so I don't know why the error occured.
If you pay close attention to the error, you'd notice the full error says something like:
CMake Error at
your-amazon-freertos-directory/vendors/espressif/esp-idf/tools/cmake/idf_functions.cmake: 26 (include)
include could not find load file:
targets
This is because idf_functions.cmake sets the variable IDF_PATH to $ENV{IDF_PATH} which was configured in ~/.profile when the line export IDF_PATH=~/esp/esp-idf was added, as seen here.
If you navigate to ~/esp/esp-idf/tools/cmake/ you'd notice that files like target.cmake and ldgen.cmake, which are being included <your-amazon-freertos-directory>/vendors/espressif/esp-idf/tools/cmake/idf_functions.cmake, do not exist.
Solution 1 (somewhat hacky):
Copy the contents of <your-amazon-freertos-directory>/vendors/espressif/esp-idf/tools/cmake/ to ~/esp/esp-idf/tools/cmake/
Solution 2:
Modify the ~/.profile file to add the following lines instead of that suggested in the guide:
export IDF_PATH=~/<your-amazon-freertos-directory>/vendors/espressif/esp-idf/
export PATH="$PATH:$IDF_PATH/tools"
This should circumvent any CMake include errors during generation of build files and during build.
Since Amazon FreeRTOS supports many different platforms in addition to ESP32, you might need to supply additional commands to tell CMake that ESP32 is the target you want to build.
Try using
cmake -DVENDOR=espressif -DBOARD=esp32_wrover_kit -DCOMPILER=xtensa-esp32 -S . -B your-build-directory
from your top level folder to generate your makefiles into the build folder, and then switching to your build folder and calling
make all
(From the "Build, Flash, and Run the Amazon FreeRTOS Demo Project" section of
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/freertos/latest/userguide/getting_started_espressif.html)
The only online resources I have found are the CMake documentation on CMAKE_<LANG>_CPPLINT (link here) and this example (link here), but I cannot figure out how to actually use it inside a CMakeLists.txt file.
I tried the example provided, but I can't make it work. FYI, I installed cpplint as explained here.
As of now, I can run the cpplint python script inside CMakeLists.txt using this CMake command:
execute_process(COMMAND cpplint path/To/File/To/Analyse.cpp)
However, I am pretty sure that this is not the right way to do this.
Recommended way to use static analysis tools with CMake was presented in Daniel Pffeifer's "Effective Cmake" (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rLopVhns4Zs&=&t=77m13s).
You can either define it when calling cmake, eg.:
cmake "-DCMAKE_CXX_CPPLINT=cpplint" ..
or put it into CMakeLists.txt:
set(CMAKE_CXX_CPPLINT "cpplint")
Recommended option is the first one (we shouldn't define in a project what isn't a project requirement).
CMake will call cpplint for each file it compiles. You can pass extra arguments after semicolon (e.g. -DCMAKE_CXX_CPPLINT=cpplint;--linelength=100).
Downsides of this method:
Errors count will not get accumulated (because cpplint is invoked for each file separately).
It will not check header files (as opposed to what D. Pffeifer says in his presentation, include files are not being scanned by cpplint).
Note that you can use other static analysis tools the same way:
Clan Tidy "-DCMAKE_CXX_CLANG_TIDY=/usr/bin/clang-tidy-3.9;-checks=*"
CppCheck "-DCMAKE_CXX_CPPCHECK=/usr/bin/cppcheck;--std=c++11"
IWYU "-DCMAKE_CXX_INCLUDE_WHAT_YOU_USE=/usr/bin/iwyu;--transitive_includes_only"
LWYU cmake -DCMAKE_LINK_WHAT_YOU_USE=TRUE
clazy
Some of them will require "compilation database" (set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON)).
I failed to use CMAKE_<LANG>_CPPLINT to check code style.
I make it by using add_custom_target.
download cpplint.py
then download cpplint.cmake or write yourselt.
Suppose that there is a source code directory named src in your project, code those statements into your CMakeLists.txt.
aux_source_directory(${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}/src src)
set(CMAKE_MODULE_PATH ${CMAKE_MODULE_PATH} ${CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR}) #I put cpplint.cmake in $CMAKE_SOURCE_DIR
include(cpplint)
add_style_check_target(phoenix-cpplint "${src}")
Note:
you should pass the whole list, so use "${src}" instead of ${src}.
By default nothing depends on the custom target, see add_custom_target.
If there's still some problem, debug your CMakeLists.txt.
I have been struggling with the same problem.
I tried it with CMake 3.10.2 and the comment by user2449761 is still true. Using set(CMAKE_CXX_CPPLINT "cpplint") still does not check any header files.
The answer by kgbook does not work anymore, since aux_source_directory does not list the header files. You can, however, use
get_target_property(src staticcodecheck SOURCES)
That will give you all the non-system headers. The rest can be kept the same. As for running cpplint at a specific time, you might try
add_custom_command(TARGET ${TARGET}
PRE_BUILD
...
That will replace add_custom_target(${TARGET_NAME}... in his cpplint.cmake.
Hope this helps.
The following is how I am running cpplint on all files in the src directory for a project.
file(GLOB_RECURSE SRC_FILES "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/src/**/*")
add_custom_command(TARGET target PRE_BUILD COMMAND cpplint ${SRC_FILES})
This runs every time, it fails the build when there are cpplint issues, and it runs on all files in the src directory. You may also want to consider adding cpplint specific arguments to the command, such as --quiet or --extensions for example.
I'm trying to include an external library in a build environment that uses CMake. I'm not trying to install it on the local system (in fact I'd rather not do that, I don't want /usr/local clogged up with all kinds of libraries); I'd just like to have the resulting libxml2.a available for linking with my executable. I can build it fine with the following in CMakeLists.txt:
set (LIBXML_PATH ${MY_SOURCE_DIR}/libxml2-2.9.1)
add_custom_target (build_libxml ALL
COMMENT "Building libxml"
COMMAND ./configure --prefix=/tmp
COMMAND make
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${LIBXML_PATH}
)
But I'm still having trouble with the following:
1) Is this the right approach in the first place, for the general purpose of getting libraries built with configure and make into a CMake environment?
2) How do I get the resulting library (i.e. libxml2.a) under my build output directory?
3) How can I link to that library for my executable builds?
I tried a fiddly solution with
ADD_LIBRARY( xml2 STATIC libxml2.a )
but it seems like there must be a better way than hauling a whole library's contents into… a library.
Thanks.
You need to make it clearer to CMake what is going on here. All it can see now is that you have some custom command that it will run every time. Instead of using add_custom_target with COMMAND, I've found it better to use add_custom_command.
Something like this:
set (LIBXML_PATH ${MY_SOURCE_DIR}/libxml2-2.9.1)
add_custom_command(
OUTPUT libxml2.a
COMMENT "Building libxml"
COMMAND ./configure --prefix=/tmp
COMMAND make
WORKING_DIRECTORY ${LIBXML_PATH}
)
target_link_libraries(your-program libxml2.a)
By doing it this way, CMake can understand that your custom command's essential product is libxml2.a, and when CMake sees something depending on that, it will run the command (if the library doesn't exist already).
I'm using CMake 2.8 in order to build an application based on MQX OS (using CodeWarrior).
The CMake project basically builds a set of static libraries (let's say LIB1 and LIB2).
I then reference these libraries in the final executable cmake rule:
target_add_executable(X ${some_sources})
target_link_libraries(X LIB1 LIB2)
My problem is that some symbols are defined in more that one library.
Thus, a link command like:
mwldarm <args> -o <output> <objects> /path/to1/libLIB1.a /path/to2/libLIB2.a
would lead to multiple definition of symbols error.
Instead, I would like CMake to generate a link command like:
mwldarm <args> -o <output> <objects> -L/path/to1 -L/path/to2 -lLIB -lLIB2
Question: How to get the following variables from CMAKE?
Libraries directories flags (ex: -L/path/to1 -L/path/to2)
Libraries link flags (ex: -lLIB -lLIB2)
I've read stuff concerning RPATH but it seems to concern shared libraries only. Am I right?
Thanks for advance.
I do appreciate.
It seems that policy CMP0003 may be what you need.
To use it add the following line near the beginning of your CMakeLists.txt:
CMAKE_POLICY( SET CMP0003 OLD )
Another possibility is to directly set the dependencies and search path, however it's not the cleanest way. Assuming you libraries are called liba.a and libb.a, then:
LINK_DIRECTORIES( ${paths_to_search_for} )
TARGET_ADD_EXECUTABLE(X ${some_sources} )
ADD_DEPENDENCIES(X LIB1 LIB2)
TARGET_LINK_LIBRARIES(X a b )
Note that in this case a and b are not cmake targets, therefore a little machinery is needed to correctly set the dependencies.
Part of the design of CMake is that it links with full paths. Why is that a problem?
Toggling the behavior with the policy is not the correct approach.
http://www.cmake.org/gitweb?p=cmake.git;a=commitdiff;h=cd4fa896b
I think CMP0003 is used to switch on/off the function of adding searching path automatically as described in the official document
Libraries linked via full path no longer produce linker search paths.
rather than about replacing the path name with -l.
When linking a library, if the library is a target CMake known, CMake always replaces related -L and -l options with the library's path name. This may not be a problem for linking static libraries. But for a executable to link a shared library, it's may be a problem. Then I found a hacking method, code like below, to solve the problem linking a shread library using -L and `-l' rather than absolute path.
# Find out the link.txt
set(LINK_TXT "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/${ToLinkLib}/CMakeFiles/${ToLinkLIb}.dir/link.txt")
# Add the searching path into link command
add_custom_command(TARGET ${YourTarget} PRE_BUILD
COMMAND sed ARGS -ie "\"s;[[:blank:]]-l; -L${LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH} -l;\"" ${LINK_TXT}
DEPENDS ${LINK_TXT}
COMMENT "Hacking CMake: edit __link.txt__ to use -l instead of path to link internal library ...")
# NOTE: Dont't missing the `-l'.
target_link_libraries(${YourTarget} -l${ToLinkLib})
Of course, this is just a hacking so may not be working well with all versions of CMake.
UPDATED: why linking a shared library may be a problem?
When I run a executable cross compiled for android, which linking a shared library built by the same CMake scripts, I've encounter a problem of linking failed. After I used the above hacking method to get a new version, I can run my executable with a command like below
$ LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. ./the_exe opts