Related
I've a requirement to get 3 similar set of row data replacing the column value if any certain value exists in the given column('[#]' in this case). For example
---------------------
Type Value
---------------------
1 Apple[#]
2 Orange
3 Peach[#]
I need to modify the query to get value as below
----------------------
Type Value
--------------------
1 Apple1
1 Apple2
1 Apple3
2 Orange
3 Peach1
3 Peach2
3 Peach3
I could not come up with logic how to get this
You can also get the same result without recursivity :
select Type, Value from MyTable where Right(Value, 3) <> '[#]'
union
select Type, Replace(Value, '[#]', '1') from MyTable where Right(Value, 3) = '[#]'
union
select Type, Replace(Value, '[#]', '2') from MyTable where Right(Value, 3) = '[#]'
union
select Type, Replace(Value, '[#]', '3') from MyTable where Right(Value, 3) = '[#]'
order by 1, 2
Assuming there is only one digit (as in your example), then I would go for:
with cte as (
select (case when value like '%\[%%' then left(right(value, 2), 1) + 0
else 1
end) as cnt, 1 as n,
left(value, charindex('[', value + '[')) as base, type
from t
union all
select cnt, n + 1, base, type
from cte
where n + 1 <= cnt
)
select type,
(case when cnt = 1 then base else concat(base, n) end) as value
from cte;
Of course, the CTE can be easily extended to any number of digits:
(case when value like '%\[%%'
then stuff(left(value, charindex(']')), 1, charindex(value, '['), '') + 0
else 1
end)
And once you have the number, you can use another source of numbers. But the recursive CTE seems like the simplest solution for the particular problem in the question.
Try this query
DECLARE #SampleData AS TABLE
(
Type int,
Value varchar(100)
)
INSERT INTO #SampleData
VALUES (1, 'Apple[#]'), (2, 'Orange'), (3, 'Peach[#]')
SELECT sd.Type, cr.Value
FROM #SampleData sd
CROSS APPLY
(
SELECT TOP (IIF(Charindex('[#]', sd.Value) > 0, 3, 1))
x.[Value] + Cast(v.t as nvarchar(5)) as Value
FROM
(SELECT Replace(sd.Value, '[#]', '') AS Value) x
Cross JOIN (VALUES (1),(2),(3)) v(t)
Order by v.t asc
) cr
Demo link: Rextester
Using a recursive CTE
CREATE TABLE #test
(
Type int,
Value varchar(50)
)
INSERT INTO #test VALUES
(1, 'Apple[#]'),
(2, 'Orange'),
(3, 'Peach[#]');
WITH CTE AS (
SELECT
Type,
IIF(RIGHT(Value, 3) = '[#]', LEFT(Value, LEN(Value) - 3), Value) AS 'Value',
IIF(RIGHT(Value, 3) = '[#]', 1, NULL) AS 'Counter'
FROM
#test
UNION ALL
SELECT
B.Type,
LEFT(B.Value, LEN(B.Value) - 3) AS 'Value',
Counter + 1
FROM
#test AS B
JOIN CTE
ON B.Type = CTE.Type
WHERE
RIGHT(B.Value, 3) = '[#]'
AND Counter < 3
)
SELECT
Type,
CONCAT(Value, Counter) AS 'Value'
FROM
CTE
ORDER BY
Type,
Value
DROP TABLE #test
I need to truncate data from a column to 10 characters. However, I cannot have any duplicates, so I want any duplicates to end with ~1 for the first duplicate, ~2 for the second duplicate. Here's an example of what I have:
Column
------
The ABC Company Inc.
The ABC Cooperative
XYZ Associates LLC.
I'd like the result to be:
Column
------
The ABC ~1
The ABC ~2
XYZ Associ
The end doesn't have to be ~1 or ~2, I just need something to make it unique after truncating. There may be more than 3 or 4 duplicates after truncating.
So far, I'm just truncating and editing the table manually:
update Table set Column = Left(Column, 10) where len(Column) > 10
First, you care about the first 8 characters, not the first 10, because you need to reserve slots for the additional number.
Assuming that you have fewer than 10 repeats, you can do this:
with toupdate as (
select t.*,
row_number() over (partition by left(col, 8) order by (select null)) as seqnum,
count(*) over (partition by left(col, 8) ) as cnt
from t
update toupdate
set col = (case when cnt = 1 then left(col, 10)
else left(col, 8) + '~' + cast(seqnum as char(1));
The same idea can be used for a select.
Declare #Table Table (Column1 varchar(50))
Insert into #Table values
('The ABC Company Inc.'),
('The ABC Cooperative'),
('XYZ Associates LLC.')
Select NewColumn = Concat(substring(Column1,1,10),' ~',Row_Number() over (Partition By substring(Column1,1,10) Order by Column1))
From #Table
Returns
NewColumn
The ABC Co ~1
The ABC Co ~2
XYZ Associ ~1
The numbers are noisy, so I only add them when necessary:
select case when _r > 1
then Company + '~' + cast(_r as varchar(5))
else Company end as Company
from (
select Company
, ROW_NUMBER() over (partition by Company order by Company) as _r
from(
select left(Company, 10) as Company
from MyTable
) x
) y
order by Company
Company
--------------
The ABC Co
The ABC Co~2
XYZ Associ
Assuming your table is COMPANY and the field is CompanyName.....
You'll have to tweek but hope it helps..
SELECT SUBSTRING( Q.Comp, 1, 5) + '~' + CONVERT(nvarchar(4), Row) as NewFieldValue FROM
(
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY SUBSTRING( C.CompanyName, 1, 6) ORDER BY SUBSTRING( C.CompanyName, 1, 6)) AS Row,
SUBSTRING( C.CompanyName, 1, 6) as Comp
FROM COMPANY C
)Q
DECLARE #Table TABLE (Column1 varchar(50))
INSERT INTO #Table VALUES
('The ABC Company Inc.')
, ('The ABC Cooperative')
, ('XYZ Associates LLC.')
, ('Acme')
, ('Ten Char 123')
, ('Ten Char 132')
, ('Ten Char 231')
;WITH FLen
AS (
SELECT Column1, LEFT(LEFT(Column1,13) + SPACE(13),13) + CHAR(164) AS Column2
FROM #Table
)
,TenCharPD -- Includes possible duplicates
AS (
SELECT Column1, LEFT(Column2,8) +
RIGHT('0' + CAST (
(ASCII(SUBSTRING(Column2, 9,1)) +
ASCII(SUBSTRING(Column2,10,1)) +
ASCII(SUBSTRING(Column2,11,1)) +
ASCII(SUBSTRING(Column2,12,1)) +
ASCII(SUBSTRING(Column2,13,1)))%100
AS NVARCHAR(2)),2) AS Column2
FROM Flen
)
,CullPD
AS (
SELECT Column1, Column2,
ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY Column2 ORDER BY Column2) AS rowx
FROM TenCharPD
)
UPDATE t1
SET Column1 = LEFT(Column2,9) +
CASE rowx
WHEN 1 THEN RIGHT(Column2,1)
ELSE CHAR(rowx + CAST (RIGHT(Column2,1) AS INT) * 5 + 63)
END
FROM #Table t1
JOIN CullPD cpd
ON t1.Column1 = cpd.Column1
SELECT * FROM #Table
I need a quick way to compare 2 or more values from different tables where the orders are arbitrarily stored in sql server. The data comes from a 3rd party who will not change.
Example data below shows the same item described in two ways. the remaining columns contain other data that i am joining.
table1
i j other columns...
1 2 ...
table2
i j other columns
2 1 ...
1 2 ...
right now for 2, i do a union query to cover both directions (i=i, j=j / i=j, j=i) . but if you expand to 3, that is 9 possible orders.
SELECT * FROM Table1 INNER JOIN Table2 ON Table1.i = Table2.i AND Table1.j = Table2.j
UNION
SELECT * FROM Table1 INNER JOIN Table2 ON Table1.i = Table2.j AND Table1.j = Table2.i
is there a way to order data returned from the first two columns before doing the comparison so i don't have to create all the unions?
Edit: New xml approach
I wonder how this approach performs:
select *, cast( '<c>' + cast(i as varchar) + '</c>' +
'<c>' + cast(j as varchar) + '</c>' +
'<c>' + cast(k as varchar) + '</c>'
as xml).query('for $a in /c order by $a return concat($a, "/")').value('.', 'varchar(100)')
from #Table1 o
This can be wrapped in a function and referenced in a persisted column... which should scale very well for you:
create table dbo.Table1 (pk int identity(1,1) primary key, i int, j int, k int);
insert into dbo.Table1
values(1, 2, 3), (3, 1, 2), (4, 5, 6), (9,9,9);
go
create function dbo.fn_GenerateCompare(#i int, #j int, #k int)
returns varchar(100)
with schemabinding
as
begin
return
(
select cast('<c>' + cast(#i as varchar) + '</c>' +
'<c>' + cast(#j as varchar) + '</c>' +
'<c>' + cast(#k as varchar) + '</c>'
as xml).query('for $a in /c order by $a return concat($a, "/")').value('.', 'varchar(100)')
);
end
alter table dbo.Table1
add Compare as dbo.fn_GenerateCompare(i, j, k) persisted;
select * from dbo.Table1
Returns:
pk i j k Compare
-- - - - -------
1 1 2 3 1/2/3
2 3 1 2 1/2/3
3 4 5 6 4/5/6
4 9 9 9 9/9/9
Your query should now be really simple. Slap an index on the new Compare column and it should fly.
Original Post:
I like the sorted list idea proposed by Thorsten. Heres a rough idea of how it might be done. Performance would be greatly improved by persisting this compare column on the table (trigger or persisted computed column?)
declare #Table1 table (pk int identity(1,1) primary key, i int, j int, k int)
declare #Table2 table (pk int identity(1,1) primary key, i int, j int, k int)
insert into #Table1
values(1, 2, 3), (3, 1, 2), (4, 5, 6), (9,9,9)
insert into #Table2
values (2, 1, 3), (6, 4, 5)
--since the order is unimportant, concatenate the columns into a sorted array
--note how 1,2,3 and 3,1,2 both result in the same compare value:
select *
from #Table1 o
cross
apply ( select cast(value as varchar) + '/'
from #Table1
unpivot (value for c in (i,j,k)) as u
where pk = o.pk
order
by value
for xml path('')
)d(compare)
--now, bring in the 2nd table
select [src] = 1, pk, compare
from #Table1 o
cross
apply ( select cast(value as varchar) + '/'
from #Table1
unpivot (value for c in (i,j,k)) as u
where pk = o.pk
order
by value
for xml path('')
)d(compare)
union all
select [src] = 2, pk, compare
from #Table2 o
cross
apply ( select cast(value as varchar) + '/'
from #Table2
unpivot (value for c in (i,j,k)) as u
where pk = o.pk
order
by value
for xml path('')
)d(compare)
--now just group them to find the matching rows
select min(src), min(pk), compare
from (
select [src] = 1, pk, compare
from #Table1 o
cross
apply ( select cast(value as varchar) + '/'
from #Table1
unpivot (value for c in (i,j,k)) as u
where pk = o.pk
order
by value
for xml path('')
)d(compare)
union all
select [src] = 2, pk, compare
from #Table2 o
cross
apply ( select cast(value as varchar) + '/'
from #Table2
unpivot (value for c in (i,j,k)) as u
where pk = o.pk
order
by value
for xml path('')
)d(compare)
)grouped
group
by compare
having count(*) > 1;
How do I get:
id Name Value
1 A 4
1 B 8
2 C 9
to
id Column
1 A:4, B:8
2 C:9
No CURSOR, WHILE loop, or User-Defined Function needed.
Just need to be creative with FOR XML and PATH.
[Note: This solution only works on SQL 2005 and later. Original question didn't specify the version in use.]
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'A',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
SELECT
[ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
If it is SQL Server 2017 or SQL Server Vnext, SQL Azure you can use STRING_AGG as below:
SELECT id, STRING_AGG(CONCAT(name, ':', [value]), ', ')
FROM #YourTable
GROUP BY id
using XML path will not perfectly concatenate as you might expect... it will replace "&" with "&" and will also mess with <" and ">
...maybe a few other things, not sure...but you can try this
I came across a workaround for this... you need to replace:
FOR XML PATH('')
)
with:
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE
).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
...or NVARCHAR(MAX) if thats what youre using.
why the hell doesn't SQL have a concatenate aggregate function? this is a PITA.
I ran into a couple of problems when I tried converting Kevin Fairchild's suggestion to work with strings containing spaces and special XML characters (&, <, >) which were encoded.
The final version of my code (which doesn't answer the original question but may be useful to someone) looks like this:
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] VARCHAR(MAX), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'Oranges & Lemons',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'1 < 2',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
SELECT [ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + CAST([Name] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE
/* Use .value to uncomment XML entities e.g. > < etc*/
).value('.','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') as NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
Rather than using a space as a delimiter and replacing all the spaces with commas, it just pre-pends a comma and space to each value then uses STUFF to remove the first two characters.
The XML encoding is taken care of automatically by using the TYPE directive.
Another option using Sql Server 2005 and above
---- test data
declare #t table (OUTPUTID int, SCHME varchar(10), DESCR varchar(10))
insert #t select 1125439 ,'CKT','Approved'
insert #t select 1125439 ,'RENO','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'CKT','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'RENO','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'pn','Approved'
---- actual query
;with cte(outputid,combined,rn)
as
(
select outputid, SCHME + ' ('+DESCR+')', rn=ROW_NUMBER() over (PARTITION by outputid order by schme, descr)
from #t
)
,cte2(outputid,finalstatus,rn)
as
(
select OUTPUTID, convert(varchar(max),combined), 1 from cte where rn=1
union all
select cte2.outputid, convert(varchar(max),cte2.finalstatus+', '+cte.combined), cte2.rn+1
from cte2
inner join cte on cte.OUTPUTID = cte2.outputid and cte.rn=cte2.rn+1
)
select outputid, MAX(finalstatus) from cte2 group by outputid
Install the SQLCLR Aggregates from http://groupconcat.codeplex.com
Then you can write code like this to get the result you asked for:
CREATE TABLE foo
(
id INT,
name CHAR(1),
Value CHAR(1)
);
INSERT INTO dbo.foo
(id, name, Value)
VALUES (1, 'A', '4'),
(1, 'B', '8'),
(2, 'C', '9');
SELECT id,
dbo.GROUP_CONCAT(name + ':' + Value) AS [Column]
FROM dbo.foo
GROUP BY id;
Eight years later... Microsoft SQL Server vNext Database Engine has finally enhanced Transact-SQL to directly support grouped string concatenation. The Community Technical Preview version 1.0 added the STRING_AGG function and CTP 1.1 added the WITHIN GROUP clause for the STRING_AGG function.
Reference: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt775028.aspx
SQL Server 2005 and later allow you to create your own custom aggregate functions, including for things like concatenation- see the sample at the bottom of the linked article.
This is just an addition to Kevin Fairchild's post (very clever by the way). I would have added it as a comment, but I don't have enough points yet :)
I was using this idea for a view I was working on, however the items I was concatinating contained spaces. So I modified the code slightly to not use spaces as delimiters.
Again thanks for the cool workaround Kevin!
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ( [ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT )
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (1, 'A', 4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (1, 'B', 8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (2, 'C', 9)
SELECT [ID],
REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(SELECT [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) as A
FROM #YourTable
WHERE ( ID = Results.ID )
FOR XML PATH (''))
, '</A><A>', ', ')
,'<A>','')
,'</A>','') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
An example would be
In Oracle you can use LISTAGG aggregate function.
Original records
name type
------------
name1 type1
name2 type2
name2 type3
Sql
SELECT name, LISTAGG(type, '; ') WITHIN GROUP(ORDER BY name)
FROM table
GROUP BY name
Result in
name type
------------
name1 type1
name2 type2; type3
This kind of question is asked here very often, and the solution is going to depend a lot on the underlying requirements:
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=sql+pivot
and
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=sql+concatenate
Typically, there is no SQL-only way to do this without either dynamic sql, a user-defined function, or a cursor.
Just to add to what Cade said, this is usually a front-end display thing and should therefore be handled there. I know that sometimes it's easier to write something 100% in SQL for things like file export or other "SQL only" solutions, but most of the times this concatenation should be handled in your display layer.
Don't need a cursor... a while loop is sufficient.
------------------------------
-- Setup
------------------------------
DECLARE #Source TABLE
(
id int,
Name varchar(30),
Value int
)
DECLARE #Target TABLE
(
id int,
Result varchar(max)
)
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 1, 'A', 4
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 1, 'B', 8
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 2, 'C', 9
------------------------------
-- Technique
------------------------------
INSERT INTO #Target (id)
SELECT id
FROM #Source
GROUP BY id
DECLARE #id int, #Result varchar(max)
SET #id = (SELECT MIN(id) FROM #Target)
WHILE #id is not null
BEGIN
SET #Result = null
SELECT #Result =
CASE
WHEN #Result is null
THEN ''
ELSE #Result + ', '
END + s.Name + ':' + convert(varchar(30),s.Value)
FROM #Source s
WHERE id = #id
UPDATE #Target
SET Result = #Result
WHERE id = #id
SET #id = (SELECT MIN(id) FROM #Target WHERE #id < id)
END
SELECT *
FROM #Target
Let's get very simple:
SELECT stuff(
(
select ', ' + x from (SELECT 'xxx' x union select 'yyyy') tb
FOR XML PATH('')
)
, 1, 2, '')
Replace this line:
select ', ' + x from (SELECT 'xxx' x union select 'yyyy') tb
With your query.
You can improve performance significant the following way if group by contains mostly one item:
SELECT
[ID],
CASE WHEN MAX( [Name]) = MIN( [Name]) THEN
MAX( [Name]) NameValues
ELSE
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
END
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
didn't see any cross apply answers, also no need for xml extraction. Here is a slightly different version of what Kevin Fairchild wrote. It's faster and easier to use in more complex queries:
select T.ID
,MAX(X.cl) NameValues
from #YourTable T
CROSS APPLY
(select STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = T.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''))
,1,2,'') [cl]) X
GROUP BY T.ID
Using the Stuff and for xml path operator to concatenate rows to string :Group By two columns -->
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'A',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',5)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
-- retrieve each unique id and name columns and concatonate the values into one column
SELECT
[ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) -- CONCATONATES EACH APPLICATION : VALUE SET
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID and Name = results.[name] )
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
SELECT
[ID],[Name] , --these are acting as the group by clause
STUFF((
SELECT ', '+ CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) -- CONCATONATES THE VALUES FOR EACH ID NAME COMBINATION
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID and Name = results.[name] )
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID, name
DROP TABLE #YourTable
Using Replace Function and FOR JSON PATH
SELECT T3.DEPT, REPLACE(REPLACE(T3.ENAME,'{"ENAME":"',''),'"}','') AS ENAME_LIST
FROM (
SELECT DEPT, (SELECT ENAME AS [ENAME]
FROM EMPLOYEE T2
WHERE T2.DEPT=T1.DEPT
FOR JSON PATH,WITHOUT_ARRAY_WRAPPER) ENAME
FROM EMPLOYEE T1
GROUP BY DEPT) T3
For sample data and more ways click here
If you have clr enabled you could use the Group_Concat library from GitHub
Another example without the garbage: ",TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')"
WITH t AS (
SELECT 1 n, 1 g, 1 v
UNION ALL
SELECT 2 n, 1 g, 2 v
UNION ALL
SELECT 3 n, 2 g, 3 v
)
SELECT g
, STUFF (
(
SELECT ', ' + CAST(v AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM t sub_t
WHERE sub_t.g = main_t.g
FOR XML PATH('')
)
, 1, 2, ''
) cg
FROM t main_t
GROUP BY g
Input-output is
************************* -> *********************
* n * g * v * * g * cg *
* - * - * - * * - * - *
* 1 * 1 * 1 * * 1 * 1, 2 *
* 2 * 1 * 2 * * 2 * 3 *
* 3 * 2 * 3 * *********************
*************************
I used this approach which may be easier to grasp. Get a root element, then concat to choices any item with the same ID but not the 'official' name
Declare #IdxList as Table(id int, choices varchar(max),AisName varchar(255))
Insert into #IdxLIst(id,choices,AisName)
Select IdxId,''''+Max(Title)+'''',Max(Title) From [dbo].[dta_Alias]
where IdxId is not null group by IdxId
Update #IdxLIst
set choices=choices +','''+Title+''''
From #IdxLIst JOIN [dta_Alias] ON id=IdxId And Title <> AisName
where IdxId is not null
Select * from #IdxList where choices like '%,%'
For all my healthcare folks out there:
SELECT
s.NOTE_ID
,STUFF ((
SELECT
[note_text] + ' '
FROM
HNO_NOTE_TEXT s1
WHERE
(s1.NOTE_ID = s.NOTE_ID)
ORDER BY [line] ASC
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,
1,
2,
'') AS NOTE_TEXT_CONCATINATED
FROM
HNO_NOTE_TEXT s
GROUP BY NOTE_ID
How do I get:
id Name Value
1 A 4
1 B 8
2 C 9
to
id Column
1 A:4, B:8
2 C:9
No CURSOR, WHILE loop, or User-Defined Function needed.
Just need to be creative with FOR XML and PATH.
[Note: This solution only works on SQL 2005 and later. Original question didn't specify the version in use.]
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'A',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
SELECT
[ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
If it is SQL Server 2017 or SQL Server Vnext, SQL Azure you can use STRING_AGG as below:
SELECT id, STRING_AGG(CONCAT(name, ':', [value]), ', ')
FROM #YourTable
GROUP BY id
using XML path will not perfectly concatenate as you might expect... it will replace "&" with "&" and will also mess with <" and ">
...maybe a few other things, not sure...but you can try this
I came across a workaround for this... you need to replace:
FOR XML PATH('')
)
with:
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE
).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
...or NVARCHAR(MAX) if thats what youre using.
why the hell doesn't SQL have a concatenate aggregate function? this is a PITA.
I ran into a couple of problems when I tried converting Kevin Fairchild's suggestion to work with strings containing spaces and special XML characters (&, <, >) which were encoded.
The final version of my code (which doesn't answer the original question but may be useful to someone) looks like this:
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] VARCHAR(MAX), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'Oranges & Lemons',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'1 < 2',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
SELECT [ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + CAST([Name] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE
/* Use .value to uncomment XML entities e.g. > < etc*/
).value('.','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') as NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
Rather than using a space as a delimiter and replacing all the spaces with commas, it just pre-pends a comma and space to each value then uses STUFF to remove the first two characters.
The XML encoding is taken care of automatically by using the TYPE directive.
Another option using Sql Server 2005 and above
---- test data
declare #t table (OUTPUTID int, SCHME varchar(10), DESCR varchar(10))
insert #t select 1125439 ,'CKT','Approved'
insert #t select 1125439 ,'RENO','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'CKT','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'RENO','Approved'
insert #t select 1134691 ,'pn','Approved'
---- actual query
;with cte(outputid,combined,rn)
as
(
select outputid, SCHME + ' ('+DESCR+')', rn=ROW_NUMBER() over (PARTITION by outputid order by schme, descr)
from #t
)
,cte2(outputid,finalstatus,rn)
as
(
select OUTPUTID, convert(varchar(max),combined), 1 from cte where rn=1
union all
select cte2.outputid, convert(varchar(max),cte2.finalstatus+', '+cte.combined), cte2.rn+1
from cte2
inner join cte on cte.OUTPUTID = cte2.outputid and cte.rn=cte2.rn+1
)
select outputid, MAX(finalstatus) from cte2 group by outputid
Install the SQLCLR Aggregates from http://groupconcat.codeplex.com
Then you can write code like this to get the result you asked for:
CREATE TABLE foo
(
id INT,
name CHAR(1),
Value CHAR(1)
);
INSERT INTO dbo.foo
(id, name, Value)
VALUES (1, 'A', '4'),
(1, 'B', '8'),
(2, 'C', '9');
SELECT id,
dbo.GROUP_CONCAT(name + ':' + Value) AS [Column]
FROM dbo.foo
GROUP BY id;
Eight years later... Microsoft SQL Server vNext Database Engine has finally enhanced Transact-SQL to directly support grouped string concatenation. The Community Technical Preview version 1.0 added the STRING_AGG function and CTP 1.1 added the WITHIN GROUP clause for the STRING_AGG function.
Reference: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/mt775028.aspx
SQL Server 2005 and later allow you to create your own custom aggregate functions, including for things like concatenation- see the sample at the bottom of the linked article.
This is just an addition to Kevin Fairchild's post (very clever by the way). I would have added it as a comment, but I don't have enough points yet :)
I was using this idea for a view I was working on, however the items I was concatinating contained spaces. So I modified the code slightly to not use spaces as delimiters.
Again thanks for the cool workaround Kevin!
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ( [ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT )
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (1, 'A', 4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (1, 'B', 8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID], [Name], [Value]) VALUES (2, 'C', 9)
SELECT [ID],
REPLACE(REPLACE(REPLACE(
(SELECT [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) as A
FROM #YourTable
WHERE ( ID = Results.ID )
FOR XML PATH (''))
, '</A><A>', ', ')
,'<A>','')
,'</A>','') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
DROP TABLE #YourTable
An example would be
In Oracle you can use LISTAGG aggregate function.
Original records
name type
------------
name1 type1
name2 type2
name2 type3
Sql
SELECT name, LISTAGG(type, '; ') WITHIN GROUP(ORDER BY name)
FROM table
GROUP BY name
Result in
name type
------------
name1 type1
name2 type2; type3
This kind of question is asked here very often, and the solution is going to depend a lot on the underlying requirements:
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=sql+pivot
and
https://stackoverflow.com/search?q=sql+concatenate
Typically, there is no SQL-only way to do this without either dynamic sql, a user-defined function, or a cursor.
Just to add to what Cade said, this is usually a front-end display thing and should therefore be handled there. I know that sometimes it's easier to write something 100% in SQL for things like file export or other "SQL only" solutions, but most of the times this concatenation should be handled in your display layer.
Don't need a cursor... a while loop is sufficient.
------------------------------
-- Setup
------------------------------
DECLARE #Source TABLE
(
id int,
Name varchar(30),
Value int
)
DECLARE #Target TABLE
(
id int,
Result varchar(max)
)
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 1, 'A', 4
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 1, 'B', 8
INSERT INTO #Source(id, Name, Value) SELECT 2, 'C', 9
------------------------------
-- Technique
------------------------------
INSERT INTO #Target (id)
SELECT id
FROM #Source
GROUP BY id
DECLARE #id int, #Result varchar(max)
SET #id = (SELECT MIN(id) FROM #Target)
WHILE #id is not null
BEGIN
SET #Result = null
SELECT #Result =
CASE
WHEN #Result is null
THEN ''
ELSE #Result + ', '
END + s.Name + ':' + convert(varchar(30),s.Value)
FROM #Source s
WHERE id = #id
UPDATE #Target
SET Result = #Result
WHERE id = #id
SET #id = (SELECT MIN(id) FROM #Target WHERE #id < id)
END
SELECT *
FROM #Target
Let's get very simple:
SELECT stuff(
(
select ', ' + x from (SELECT 'xxx' x union select 'yyyy') tb
FOR XML PATH('')
)
, 1, 2, '')
Replace this line:
select ', ' + x from (SELECT 'xxx' x union select 'yyyy') tb
With your query.
You can improve performance significant the following way if group by contains mostly one item:
SELECT
[ID],
CASE WHEN MAX( [Name]) = MIN( [Name]) THEN
MAX( [Name]) NameValues
ELSE
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
END
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
didn't see any cross apply answers, also no need for xml extraction. Here is a slightly different version of what Kevin Fairchild wrote. It's faster and easier to use in more complex queries:
select T.ID
,MAX(X.cl) NameValues
from #YourTable T
CROSS APPLY
(select STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = T.ID)
FOR XML PATH(''))
,1,2,'') [cl]) X
GROUP BY T.ID
Using the Stuff and for xml path operator to concatenate rows to string :Group By two columns -->
CREATE TABLE #YourTable ([ID] INT, [Name] CHAR(1), [Value] INT)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'A',4)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',8)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (1,'B',5)
INSERT INTO #YourTable ([ID],[Name],[Value]) VALUES (2,'C',9)
-- retrieve each unique id and name columns and concatonate the values into one column
SELECT
[ID],
STUFF((
SELECT ', ' + [Name] + ':' + CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) -- CONCATONATES EACH APPLICATION : VALUE SET
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID and Name = results.[name] )
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID
SELECT
[ID],[Name] , --these are acting as the group by clause
STUFF((
SELECT ', '+ CAST([Value] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) -- CONCATONATES THE VALUES FOR EACH ID NAME COMBINATION
FROM #YourTable
WHERE (ID = Results.ID and Name = results.[name] )
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,2,'') AS NameValues
FROM #YourTable Results
GROUP BY ID, name
DROP TABLE #YourTable
Using Replace Function and FOR JSON PATH
SELECT T3.DEPT, REPLACE(REPLACE(T3.ENAME,'{"ENAME":"',''),'"}','') AS ENAME_LIST
FROM (
SELECT DEPT, (SELECT ENAME AS [ENAME]
FROM EMPLOYEE T2
WHERE T2.DEPT=T1.DEPT
FOR JSON PATH,WITHOUT_ARRAY_WRAPPER) ENAME
FROM EMPLOYEE T1
GROUP BY DEPT) T3
For sample data and more ways click here
If you have clr enabled you could use the Group_Concat library from GitHub
Another example without the garbage: ",TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')"
WITH t AS (
SELECT 1 n, 1 g, 1 v
UNION ALL
SELECT 2 n, 1 g, 2 v
UNION ALL
SELECT 3 n, 2 g, 3 v
)
SELECT g
, STUFF (
(
SELECT ', ' + CAST(v AS VARCHAR(MAX))
FROM t sub_t
WHERE sub_t.g = main_t.g
FOR XML PATH('')
)
, 1, 2, ''
) cg
FROM t main_t
GROUP BY g
Input-output is
************************* -> *********************
* n * g * v * * g * cg *
* - * - * - * * - * - *
* 1 * 1 * 1 * * 1 * 1, 2 *
* 2 * 1 * 2 * * 2 * 3 *
* 3 * 2 * 3 * *********************
*************************
I used this approach which may be easier to grasp. Get a root element, then concat to choices any item with the same ID but not the 'official' name
Declare #IdxList as Table(id int, choices varchar(max),AisName varchar(255))
Insert into #IdxLIst(id,choices,AisName)
Select IdxId,''''+Max(Title)+'''',Max(Title) From [dbo].[dta_Alias]
where IdxId is not null group by IdxId
Update #IdxLIst
set choices=choices +','''+Title+''''
From #IdxLIst JOIN [dta_Alias] ON id=IdxId And Title <> AisName
where IdxId is not null
Select * from #IdxList where choices like '%,%'
For all my healthcare folks out there:
SELECT
s.NOTE_ID
,STUFF ((
SELECT
[note_text] + ' '
FROM
HNO_NOTE_TEXT s1
WHERE
(s1.NOTE_ID = s.NOTE_ID)
ORDER BY [line] ASC
FOR XML PATH(''),TYPE).value('(./text())[1]','VARCHAR(MAX)')
,
1,
2,
'') AS NOTE_TEXT_CONCATINATED
FROM
HNO_NOTE_TEXT s
GROUP BY NOTE_ID