How do I calculate the last day of the month in SQL? - sql

Specifically MSSQL 2005.

Here's a solution that gives you the last second of the current month. You can extract the date part or modify it to return just the day. I tested this on SQL Server 2005.
select dateadd( s, -1, dateadd( mm, datediff( m, 0, getdate() ) + 1, 0 ) );
To understand how it works we have to look at the dateadd() and datediff() functions.
DATEADD(datepart, number, date)
DATEDIFF(datepart, startdate, enddate)
If you run just the most inner call to datediff(), you get the current month number since timestamp 0.
select datediff(m, 0, getdate() );
1327
The next part adds that number of months plus 1 to the 0 timestamp, giving you the starting point of the next calendar month.
select dateadd( mm, datediff( m, 0, getdate() ) + 1, 0 );
2010-09-01 00:00:00.000
Finally, the outer dateadd() just subtracts one second from the beginning timestamp of next month, giving you the last second of the current month.
select dateadd( s, -1, dateadd( mm, datediff( m, 0, getdate() ) + 1, 0 ) );
2010-08-31 23:59:59.000
This old answer (below) has a bug where it doesn't work on the last day of a month that has more days than the next month. I'm leaving it here as a warning to others.
Add one month to the current date, and then subtract the value returned by the DAY function applied to the current date using the functions DAY and DATEADD.
dateadd(day, -day(getdate()), dateadd(month, 1, getdate()))

SELECT DATEADD(M, DATEDIFF(M, '1990-01-01T00:00:00.000', CURRENT_TIMESTAMP), '1990-01-31T00:00:00.000')
Explanation:
General approach: use temporal functionality.
SELECT '1990-01-01T00:00:00.000', '1990-01-31T00:00:00.000'
These are DATETIME literals, being the first time granule on the first day and last day respectively of the same 31-day month. Which month is chosen is entirely arbitrary.
SELECT DATEDIFF(M, '1990-01-01T00:00:00.000', CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)
This is the difference in whole months between the first day of the reference month and the current timestamp. Let's call this #calc.
SELECT DATEADD(M, #calc, '1990-01-31T00:00:00.000')
This adds #calc month granules to the last day of the reference month, the result of which is the current timestamp 'rounded' to the last day of its month. Q.E. D.

Try this:
DATEADD (DAY, -1, DATEADD (MONTH, DATEDIFF (MONTH, 0, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP) + 1, 0)

They key points are if you can get first day of current month,Last Day of Last Month and Last Day of Current Month.
Below is the Step by Step way to write query:
In SQL Server Date Starts from 1901/01/01( Date 0) and up to now each month can be identified by a number. Month 12 is first month of 1902 means January. Month 1200 is January of 2001. Similarly each day can be assigned by unique number e.g Date 0 is 1901/01/01. Date 31 is 1901/02/01 as January of 1901 starts from 0.
To find out First day of Current Month(Current Date or a given date)
First we need to check how many months have passed since date 0(1901/01/01).
SELECT DATEDIFF(MM,0,GETDATE())
Add same number of month to date 0(1901/01/01)
SELECT DATEADD(MM, DATEDIFF(MM,0,GETDATE()),0)
Then we will get first day of current month(Current Date or a given date)
To get Last Day of Last Month
We need to subtract a second from first day of current month
SELECT DATEADD(SS,-1,DATEADD(MM, DATEDIFF(MM,0,GETDATE()),0))
To get Last Day of Current Month
To get first day of current month first we checked how many months have been passed since date 0(1901/01/01). If we add another month with the total months since date 0 and then add total months with date 0, we will get first day of next month.
SELECT DATEADD(MM, DATEDIFF(MM,0,GETDATE())+1,0)
If we get first day of next month then to get last day of current month, all we need to subtract a second.
SELECT DATEADD(SS,-1,DATEADD(MM, DATEDIFF(MM,0,GETDATE())+1,0))
Hope that would help.

Using SQL2005, you do not have access to a helpful function EOMONTH(), So you must calculate this yourself.
This simple function will works similar to EOMONTH
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.endofmonth(#date DATETIME= NULL)
RETURNS DATETIME
BEGIN
RETURN DATEADD(DD, -1, DATEADD(MM, +1, DATEADD(DD, 1 - DATEPART(DD, ISNULL(#date,GETDATE())), ISNULL(#date,GETDATE()))))
END
Query to perform:
SELECT dbo.endofmonth(DEFAULT) --Current month-end date
SELECT dbo.endofmonth('02/25/2012') --User-defined month-end date

Some links to possible answers:
http://www.extremeexperts.com/sql/Tips/DateTrick.aspx
http://www.devx.com/tips/Tip/14405
http://blog.sqlauthority.com/2007/08/18/sql-server-find-last-day-of-any-month-current-previous-next/
http://www.sqlservercurry.com/2008/03/find-last-day-of-month-in-sql-server.html

DECLARE
#Now datetime,
#Today datetime,
#ThisMonth datetime,
#NextMonth datetime,
#LastDayThisMonth datetime
SET #Now = getdate()
SET #Today = DateAdd(dd, DateDiff(dd, 0, #Now), 0)
SET #ThisMonth = DateAdd(mm, DateDiff(mm, 0, #Now), 0)
SET #NextMonth = DateAdd(mm, 1, #ThisMonth)
SET #LastDayThisMonth = DateAdd(dd, -1, #NextMonth)
Sometimes you really do need the last day of this month, but frequently what you really want is to describe the time interval of this month. This is the best way to describe the time interval of this month:
WHERE #ThisMonth <= someDate and someDate < #NextMonth

For completeness, in Oracle you'd do something like ...
select add_months(trunc(sysdate,'MM'),1) ...
or
select last_day(sysdate)+1 ...

DATEADD(dd, -1, DATEADD(mm, +1, DATEADD(dd, 1 - DATEPART(dd, #myDate), #myDate)))

Related

SQL get previous month (in January too)

Hello I'm looking for simple way, how to get data from previous month. I get this code but it didn't work in January (result is 12 2021 and I need 12 2020)
select month(dateadd(month,-1,getdate())), year(getdate())
Presumably, you have some sort of date column.
In SQL Server, you can express this concept using datediff():
where datediff(month, datecol, getdate()) = 1
However, that is not "sargable", meaning that it prevents the use of indexes. So, I would instead recommend:
where datecol < datefromparts(year(getdate()), month(getdate()), 1) and
datecol >= dateadd(month, 1, datefromparts(year(getdate()), month(getdate()), 1))
If you simply want the first day of the previous month, you can use:
dateadd(month, 1, datefromparts(year(getdate()), month(getdate()), 1))
Try This
select CASE WHEN month(getdate())>1 THEN month(getdate())-1 ELSE 12 END ,
CASE WHEN month(getdate())>1 THEN YEAR (getdate()) ELSE YEAR (getdate()) -1 END
Using the answer given here: How can I select the first day of a month in SQL?
SELECT dateadd(month,-1,DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, getdate()), 0)) as previousmonth;
output:
2020-12-01 00:00:00.000
I can provide next query using FORMAT function:
SELECT
-- get current day in previous month
FORMAT(dateadd(month, -1, getdate()), 'yyyy-MM-dd') as current_previousmonth,
-- get first of previous month
FORMAT(dateadd(month, -1, getdate()), 'yyyy-MM-01') as first_previousmonth,
-- previous month without date
FORMAT(dateadd(month, -1, getdate()), 'yyyy-MM') as previousmonth;
test T-SQL here
Here you go!
select dateadd(mm,-1,eomonth(getdate())) as [Previous Month]
Result:
Previous Month
--------------
2020-12-31
You could also use CONVERT() or FORMAT() functions to format the date as you desire.
Try
SELECT FORMAT(DATEADD(month, -1, GETDATE()),'MM/yyyy');
It will give you previous month and the year. If you are comparing to a date column in a existing table, then you need the date part too as you want to know December of which year was the previous month. But if you don't want the year, then just adjust the 'MM/yyyy' part to suit your purpose.

Query select where date between "1st day of current month" and "current day"

I need to select data from SQL Server database between the 1st day of the current month and current day.
SELECT *
FROM table_name
WHERE date BETWEEN "1st day of current month" AND "current day"
You can make use of EOMONTH() to jump to the last day of the month, of the previous month. Then, just add 1 day, by using DATEADD() with 1 as the increment for the day, to get the 1st day of the current month.
SELECT *
FROM <table>
WHERE <date> BETWEEN DATEADD(DAY, 1, EOMONTH(GETDATE(), -1)) and GETDATE()
I think this should work,
SELECT *
FROM TABLE_NAME
WHERE date BETWEEN DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm,0,date), 0) AND GETDATE()
May this will help you,
select * from TABLE_NAME
where date between
dateadd (DAY, -(datepart (DAY, getdate ())) + 1, convert (date, GETDATE ()))
and
convert (date, getdate ())
I don't recommend using between for this purpose. I prefer to have code that works on both dates and datetimes without modification.
In addition, SQL Server has the convenient datefromparts() function. So, I recomend:
WHERE date >= DATEFROMPARTS(YEAR(GETDATE()), MONTH(GETDATE()), 1) AND
date < CONVERT(DATE, DATEADD(DAY, 1, GETDATE()))

Is there is a way to get the month end date for every month

How to get the current month end date through db2 query.
I should not need to modify the query for every month
Every month the sql is executing so it need to automatically take care
In Db2 11.1 this could be a solution:
select next_month(current date) - 1 day from sysibm.sysdummy1
Next_Month will return the first day of the next month from the data provided.
SELECT LAST_DAY(CURRENT_DATE) AS LASTDAY
FROM SYSIBM.SYSDUMMY1;
The query is working
LASTDAY
2019-04-30
The old way would be
CURRENT DATE - (DAY(CURRENT DATE)) DAYS + 1 MONTH
To get the last day of the current month, use this:
SELECT DATEADD (dd, -1, DATEADD(mm, DATEDIFF(mm, 0, GETDATE()) + 1, 0))
This will format the date for you
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(10), DATE, 12)
See this for more information regarding the '12'. 12 is the right code
Another solution is to use TIMESTAMP_FORMAT as such:
TIMESTAMP_FORMAT('190404', 'YYMMDD')

Function to go back 2 years, first day of last month

I'm hoping to find a solution for this to automate a report I have. Basically what I'm trying to accomplish here is grabbing a date (first day of previous month, two years ago through last day of previous month current year).
So the date span if running this month would look like this: between 4/1/2013 and 3/31/2015
I have found code to get the date two years ago but I'm not able to also incorporate the month functions... Any help is very much appreciated!
For year I'm using this:
SELECT CONVERT(VARCHAR(25),DATEADD(year,-2,GETDATE()),101)
First day of previous month 2 years ago:
SELECT CONVERT(DATE,dateadd(day, -1, dateadd(day, 1 - day(GETDATE()), GETDATE())))
Last day of last month:
SELECT CONVERT(DATE,DATEADD(month, DATEDIFF(month, 0, DATEADD(year,-2,GETDATE())), 0))
Then just do whatever logic you need with them
Your where clause can look something like this:
where date >= cast(dateadd(year, -2,
dateadd(month, -1, getdate() - day(getdate()) + 1)
) as date) and
date < cast(getdate() - day(getdate()) + 1 as date)
This makes use of the handy convenience that subtracting/adding a number to a datetime is the same as adding a date. The start date says: get the first day of the month, then subtract one month, then subtract two years. This could have been done as dateadd(month, -25, . . .), but I think separating the logic is clearer.
This gives you two dates you are looking for:
SELECT
CAST((DATEADD(yy, -2, DATEADD(d, -1 * DATEPART(dd, getdate()) + 1 , GETDATE() ))) as date) as yourTwoYearsAgoDate,
CAST((DATEADD(d, -1 * DATEPART(dd, GETDATE()), GETDATE())) as date) as yourEndOfLastMonthDate
Given a reference date (e.g. "today"),
declare #today date = '23 April 2015'
The 1st of the month is computed by subtracting 1 less than the day number of the current month:
select first_of_current_month = dateadd(day,1-day(#today),#today)
The last day of the previous month is day 0 of the current month, so to get the last day of the previous month, just subtract the current day number:
select last_of_previous_month = dateadd(day,-day(#today),#today)
Moving two years back is easy:
select two_years_back = dateadd(year,-2, #today )
Putting it all together, this should do you:
declare #today date = '23 April 2015'
select *
first_day_of_current_month = dateadd(day,1-day(#today),#today),
last_day_of_previous_month = dateadd(day, -day(#today),#today) ,
date_from = dateadd(year,-2, dateadd(day,1-day(#today),#today) ) ,
date_thru = dateadd(day, -day(#today),#today)
yielding the expected results:
first_day_of_current_month: 2015-04-01
last_day_of_previous_month: 2015-03-31
date_from : 2013-04-01
date_thru : 2015-03-31
So you should be able to say something like this:
select *
from foo t
where t.transaction_date between dateadd(year,-2, dateadd(day,1-day(#today),#today) )
and dateadd(day, -day(#today),#today)
If you have to deal with datetime values rather than date, its easier to not use between and say something like this:
declare #today date = current_timestamp -- get the current date without a time component
select *
from foo t
where t.transaction_date >= dateadd(year,-2, dateadd(day,1-day(#today),#today) )
and t.transaction_date < dateadd(year, 0, dateadd(day, -day(#today),#today)
[superfluous addition of 0 years added for clarity]

Getting the date for each day within a date range in SQL

I'm looking for a way to get a list of instances a certain day appears between two date periods in SQL.
I have a range:
DECLARE #ViewStartDate DATETIME
DECLARE #ViewEndDate DATETIME
SET #ViewStartDate = '2014-09-08 00:00:00.000';
SET #ViewEndDate = '2014-09-30 00:00:00.000';
And need to get e.g. every Monday (date) within that list. I have tried looking all over for an answer as specific as this and can't seem to find anything relevant.
The reason is that it will be used in a logistics program to calculate delivery dates between a date range where the required delivery day is every Monday.
You can use the following query.
The first part in the cte is to find the next monday after the startdate. Then keep adding one week until the end date.
;WITH Dates([Date])
AS
(
--If the start date is sunday or monday
SELECT CASE WHEN DATEPART(WEEKDAY,#ViewStartDate) <=2
--Then the monday of that week
THEN DATEADD(WEEK, DATEDIFF(WEEK, 1, #ViewStartDate), 0)
ELSE
-- Mondy of the next week
DATEADD(WEEK,1,DATEADD(WEEK, DATEDIFF(WEEK, 0, #ViewStartDate), 0))
END
UNION ALL
-- Loop by joining the CTE Dates, until the date < #ViewEndDate
SELECT DATEADD(WEEK, 1,Date)
FROM Dates
WHERE DATEADD(WEEK, 1,Date) <= #ViewEndDate
)
SELECT [Date]
FROM Dates;