I have a timestamp that comes in such from: 2021-12-20T18:00:55.126X
I want to change the form and show only the date and time so it would become something like 2021-12-20 18:00:55 The challenge is that I would also like to show the date&time + X days. For example, add 5 days and I want it to show 2021-12-25 18:00:55. Is there a good solution for a case like this?
*I work with Presto
Remove T and X, cast to timestamp and add interval 5 day:
select cast(regexp_replace('2021-12-20T18:00:55.126X','^(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})T(\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\.\d{3})X$','$1 $2') as timestamp) + interval '5' day
Result:
2021-12-25 18:00:55.126
And if you want it as string without milliseconds you can format it:
select format_datetime(( cast(regexp_replace('2021-12-20T18:00:55.126X','^(\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2})T(\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\.\d{3})X$','$1 $2') as timestamp) + interval '5' day),'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss')
Result:
2021-12-25 18:00:55
you can remove X from the string and use from_iso8601_timestamp to parse the timestamp:
select from_iso8601_timestamp(replace('2021-12-20T18:00:55.126X', 'X', ''))
To add days you can use either interval or date_add:
select now() + interval '1' day, date_add('day', 1, now())
Related
How do I add days to a timestamp? If my timestamp is 01-JAN-2011 11-09-05 and I add 2 days, I want 03-JAN-2011 11-09-05.
select '01-jan-2011 11-09-05' + interval '2' day
A completely Oracle-centric solution is to simply add 2 to the timestamp value as the default interval is days for Oracle dates/timestamps:
SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('01-jan-2011 11-09-05','DD-Mon-YYYY HH24-MI-SS') + 2
FROM dual;
In a similar case, I used:
SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('01-jan-2011 11-09-05','DD-Mon-YYYY HH24-MI-SS') + NUMTODSINTERVAL(2, 'DAY')
Because, othewise, the expression is converted to DATE and precission is lost. See: NUMTODSINTERVAL documentation
I have a start_time which is already formatted as date type and have duration as number like 449. It means 449 seconds. So i need end_time. Of course i can obviously convert duration to date format and add duration on start_time using below simply queries
select to_char(to_date(USE_SEC,'sssss'),'hh24miss')
from ABA_RM_INB_USAGE;
USE_SEC column is containing integer(number in oracle) like 1167
and above query is returning date formatted result like 001927 that is okay.
This is query that add duration on start_time
select to_char(USE_STRT_DTTM, 'hh24miss') + to_char(to_date(USE_SEC, 'sssss'), 'hh24miss') as duration
from ABA_RM_INB_USAGE;
This is returning that result which is problem that convert to date format
95980.
It means 09:59:80 oops 80 seconds is absolutely wrong. Can i add dates with keep their formats. How can i ?
You can use +. This is the traditional method:
select start_time + duration / 24*60*60
You can write this now as:
select start_time + duration * interval '1' second
Your first query is converting your number-of-second value to a string. In your second query you are converting the start time to another string. Both represent HHMISS. Then you add them together, effectively:
'094053' + '001927'
For the addition operator to work they are implicitly converted to numbers, so it becomes:
94053 + 1927
which gives you your (numeric) result of 95980.
As soon as you convert to strings you are losing the ability to treat them as dates and honour the mod-60 behaviour for minutes and seconds, which is my you appear to end up with 80 seconds - but they aren't really seconds at all, it's just a number. You also lose the mod-24 behaviour for hours, so if your start time is just before midnight and the duration pushes you over midnight, your result wouldn't reflect that either.
As #GordonLinoff suggested, keep your date as a date, and add the number of seconds as a number, or a number converted to an interval:
USE_STRT_DTTM + USE_SEC / (24*60*60)
or:
USE_STRT_DTTM + USE_SEC * interval '1' second
Demo:
-- CTE for sample data
with ABA_RM_INB_USAGE (USE_STRT_DTTM, USE_SEC) as (
select to_date('09:40:53', 'HH24:MI:SS'), 1167 from dual
union all
select to_date('23:54:55', 'HH24:MI:SS'), 449 from dual
)
-- query showing working
select USE_STRT_DTTM,
USE_SEC,
to_char(to_date(USE_SEC, 'sssss'), 'hh24:mi:ss') as use_sec_hhmiss,
USE_SEC * interval '1' second as use_sec_interval,
USE_STRT_DTTM + USE_SEC / (24*60*60) as result1,
USE_STRT_DTTM + USE_SEC * interval '1' second as result2
from ABA_RM_INB_USAGE;
USE_STRT_DTTM USE_SEC USE_SEC_HHMISS USE_SEC_INTERVAL RESULT1 RESULT2
------------------- ------- -------------- ------------------- ------------------- -------------------
2019-08-01 09:40:53 1167 00:19:27 +00 00:19:27.000000 2019-08-01 10:00:20 2019-08-01 10:00:20
2019-08-01 23:54:55 449 00:07:29 +00 00:07:29.000000 2019-08-02 00:02:24 2019-08-02 00:02:24
Read more about Datetime/Interval Arithmetic.
I have a start_time which is already formatted as date type
Your column is (I hope, and seems to be the case from your query) a date. Dates do not have intrinsic human-readable formats. When you query your table your client will format the date to something readable, using either its own preferences or your session's NLS_DATE_FORMAT.
Of course i can obviously convert duration to date format and add duration on start_time
You originally converted your duration to a date data type (via to_date()), at 00:19:27 on the first day of the current month (which is what if defaults to if not day, month or year components are supplied; my CTE above is doing the same). You cannot add a date to another date. That even has its own error, "ORA-00975: date + date not allowed". So you then converted both your date values (start time and converted duration) to strings. You can't add strings together either, as that makes no sense; but if you try Oracle will implicitly try to convert both strings to numbers. In this case that implicit conversion works for both strings, but it usually won't; the superficially-similar '09:40:53' + '00:19:27' would get "ORA-01722: invalid number".
In Oracle DATE values do not have a format - you use the TO_CHAR function to format them when you need to output them.
In this case it looks like you need to use an interval. You have a field which contains a number of seconds that you want to convert to an interval - for this you can use the TO_DSINTERVAL function, although amusingly enough you have to convert the number to a string in order to use the function to convert it to an interval:
-- Version using TO_DSINTERVAL
WITH cteData AS (SELECT USE_STRT_DTTM + TO_DSINTERVAL('PT' || TO_CHAR(USE_SEC) || 'S') AS DT_TIME
FROM ABA_RM_INB_USAGE)
SELECT TO_CHAR(DT_TIME, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') FORMATTED_DATE_TIME
FROM cteData;
Docs for TO_DSINTERVAL here
dbfiddle demonstrating this in use here
EDIT
As #AlexPoole points out, the better function to use here is NUMTODSINTERVAL:
-- Version using NUMTODSINTERVAL
WITH cteData AS (SELECT USE_STRT_DTTM + NUMTODSINTERVAL(USE_SEC, 'SECOND') AS DT_TIME
FROM ABA_RM_INB_USAGE)
SELECT TO_CHAR(DT_TIME, 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS') FORMATTED_DATE_TIME
FROM cteData;
Docs for NUMTODSINTERVAL here
updated dbfiddle here
Is there a way to cast a date to timestamp. For an example if I had a date like 2012/05/01, how can I convert it to a timestamp like 2012-05-01 00:00:01
You can convert it to a timestamp with this code:
SELECT current_date::timestamp
It will directly assign the time 00:00:00 to current_date.
You can cast the date column to text and then concatenate with the time portion of the timestamp. In the query below I create a timestamp from the current date.
select (cast(current_date as text) || ' 00:00:01'):: timestamp
from yourTable;
Or if we already have a date type, we can simply add on the time component:
select current_date + '00:00:01'::time
Output:
11.07.2017 00:00:01
Demo
Update:
If you just want the difference in months between two dates you can use the following:
DATE_PART('month', AGE(end_date, start_date))
Of course, there is no time component involved here, but assuming you were planning to assign the dummy 00:00:01 to both timestamps, the result would not change.
select cast(current_date as timestamp) + interval '1 second'
Close to Standard SQL, only the interval syntax differs interval '1' second.
You can add time part to date
select current_date + '00:00:01'::time
By using normal minus '-' function between two timestamps, the answer given from oracle is incorrect.
This is what i want to do:
ALTER SESSION SET NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT='DD-MON-RR HH24:MI TZR';
Created table:
CREATE TABLE TEST (
StartTime timestamp with time zone
,EndTime timestamp with time zone
,Science varchar2(7)
);
I create the column data type as timestamp with time zone. This is value I have inserted:
INSERT INTO TEST
VALUES('05-OCT-2013 01:00 +08:00'
,'05-OCT-2013 23:00 +06:00'
,'SCIENCE');
INSERT INTO TEST
VALUES('05-OCT-2013 12:00 +08:00'
,'05-OCT-2013 15:00 -12:00'
,'Maths');
Attempted for rounding time:
CREATE VIEW TESTRECRDS AS
SELECT (Extract(hour FROM(ENDTIME- STARTTIME)) || 'Hours' ||
Extract(minute FROM(ENDTIME- STARTTIME))>=60 Then (Extract(hour FROM(ENDTIME- STARTTIME)) + Extract(minute FROM(ENDTIME- STARTTIME))/60 ELSE 0 END || 'Minutes' AS DURATION,
Science
FROM Test;
Now i have two questions regarding on the calculation and rounding off the minutes to nearest hours.
First let's say the endtime is 1535 +0600 and starttime is 01:50 +0800
So when i deduct endtime - starttime:
the formula should be:
2135 - 0950 = 2085 - 0950
= 1135
But if i use my successful attempt answer to calculate, it is not the correct exact answer. The oracle answer would be 15 hours 45 minutes.
In your last CREATE VIEW statement you try to multiply text, which cannot work:
SELECT To_Char(STARTTIME - ENDTIME, 'HH24:MI TZR')*24 AS DURATION
*24 is operating on the text to_char() returns.
You have to multiply the interval before converting to text.
You define the column Science varchar2(6), then you insert 'SCIENCE', a 7-letter word?
I also fixed a syntax error in your INSERT statement: missing '.
About your comment:
"I would like to insert timestamp with timezone during creation of my tables. Can DATE data type do that too?
Read about data types in the manual.
The data type date does not include time zone information.
If by "timezone difference" you mean the difference between the timezone modifiers, use this to calculate:
SELECT EXTRACT(timezone_hour FROM STARTTIME) AS tz_modifier FROM tbl
Keywords here are timezone_hour and is timezone_minute. Read more in the manual.
But be aware that these numbers depend on the daylight saving hours and such shenanigans. Very uncertain territory!
Get it in pretty format - example:
SELECT to_char((EXTRACT (timezone_hour FROM STARTTIME) * 60
+ EXTRACT (timezone_minutes FROM STARTTIME))
* interval '1 min', 'HH:MI')
In PostgreSQL you would have the simpler EXTRACT (timezone FROM STARTTIME), but I don't think Oracle supports that. Can't test now.
Here is a simple demo how you could round minutes to hours:
SELECT EXTRACT(hour FROM (ENDTIME - STARTTIME))
+ CASE WHEN EXTRACT(minute FROM (ENDTIME - STARTTIME)) >= 30 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
FROM Test;
I'm not sure what number you're trying to calculate, but when you subtract two dates in Oracle, you get the difference between the dates in units of days, not a DATE datatype
SELECT TO_DATE('2011-01-01 09:00', 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi') -
TO_DATE('2011-01-01 08:00', 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi') AS diff
FROM dual
DIFF
----------
.041666667
In this case 8am and 9am are 0.41667 days apart. This is not a date object, this is a scalar number, so formatting it as HH24:MI doesn't make any sense.
To round you will need to do a bit of more math. Try something like:
TO_DATE(ROUND((ENDTIME - STARTTIME) * 96) / 96, 'HH24:MI')
The difference between dates is in days. Multiplying by 96 changes the measure to quarter hours. Round, then convert back to days, and format. It might be better to use a numeric format want to format, in which case you would divide by 4 instead of 96.
Timezone is not particularly relevant to a time difference. You will have to adjust the difference from UTC to that timezone to get the right result with Timezone included.
How do I add days to a timestamp? If my timestamp is 01-JAN-2011 11-09-05 and I add 2 days, I want 03-JAN-2011 11-09-05.
select '01-jan-2011 11-09-05' + interval '2' day
A completely Oracle-centric solution is to simply add 2 to the timestamp value as the default interval is days for Oracle dates/timestamps:
SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('01-jan-2011 11-09-05','DD-Mon-YYYY HH24-MI-SS') + 2
FROM dual;
In a similar case, I used:
SELECT TO_TIMESTAMP('01-jan-2011 11-09-05','DD-Mon-YYYY HH24-MI-SS') + NUMTODSINTERVAL(2, 'DAY')
Because, othewise, the expression is converted to DATE and precission is lost. See: NUMTODSINTERVAL documentation