Related
I'm trying to create a bash script that ingests the output of another script cpu_latency.bt
The output of cpu_latency.bt is generated every second and looks similar to:
#usecs:
[0] 3 |########## |
[1] 5 |################# |
[2, 4) 5 |################# |
[4, 8) 0 | |
[8, 16) 5 |################# |
[16, 32) 15 |####################################################|
[32, 64) 1 |### |
[64, 128) 0 | |
[128, 256) 1 |### |
#usecs:
[0] 1 |### |
[1] 1 |### |
[2, 4) 6 |###################### |
[4, 8) 2 |####### |
[8, 16) 4 |############## |
I am trying to capture only the first number after the [ and then the number before the first | (so in the last line above that would be 8 and 4
The script below is fairly close (with the exception of handling [0] and [1] lines):
duration=10
while read line
do
echo $line | cut -d "|" -f1 | sed 's/\[//g; s/\,//g; s/)//g' | awk '{print $1,$3}' |
while read key value; do
print "The Key is "$key "and the Value is "$value
done
done < <(timeout $duration cpu_latency.bt | grep "\[")
However the output it returns is not quite right:
Error: no such file "The Key is 16"
Error: no such file "and the Value is 10"
Error: no such file "The Key is 16"
Error: no such file "and the Value is 9"
Can recommend a better way of assigning the output of $1 and $3 to variables so I can write them out to a file?
Thanks
CiCa
#RavinderSingh13 I'm not sure if I I'm misunderstanding how I can use an array for this, but a little more work with a while loop has gotten me considerably closer to what I'm aiming for:
while read key value
do
echo `hostname`".cpu-lat."$key"\\"$value"\\`date +"%s"`" >> /tmp/stats.out
done < <(
timeout $duration /root/bpftrace/cpu_latency.bt | awk '
match($0,/^\[[0-9]+/){
val=substr($0,RSTART+1,RLENGTH-1)
match($0,/[0-9]+ +\|/)
val2=substr($0,RSTART,RLENGTH)
sub(/ +\|/,"",val2)
print val,val2
val=val2=""
}' )
Is this what you're trying to do?
$ awk -F'[][,[:space:]]+' 'sub(/ \|.*/,""){print $2, $NF}' file
0 3
1 5
2 5
4 0
8 5
16 15
32 1
64 0
128 1
0 1
1 1
2 6
4 2
8 4
.
$ awk -v host="$(hostname)" -v date="$(date +%s)" -F'[][,[:space:]]+' '
sub(/ \|.*/,"") { printf "%s.cpu-lat.%s\\%s\\%s\n", host, $2, $NF, date }
' file
mypc.cpu-lat.0\3\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.1\5\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.2\5\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.4\0\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.8\5\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.16\15\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.32\1\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.64\0\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.128\1\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.0\1\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.1\1\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.2\6\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.4\2\1576428453
mypc.cpu-lat.8\4\1576428453
sed -e 's/[^0-9]/ /g' lala |gawk '{ print $1, substr($0,20,5) }'
The 'sed' remove all non-numbers
The 'awk' will print first argument, and from position 20, 5 characters of text. (Which can be changed to numeric by addin 0 to it):
sed -e 's/[^0-9]/ /g' lala |gawk '{ print $1, 0+substr($0,20,5) }'
Of course, Ed is right!:
gawk '{ gsub(/[^0-9]/," "); print $1, 0+substr($0,20,5) }'
EDIT: After seeing OP's attempt from my code, adding following now.
awk -v host="$(hostname)" -v date="$(date +%s)" '
match($0,/^\[[0-9]+/){
val=substr($0,RSTART+1,RLENGTH-1)
match($0,/[0-9]+ +\|/)
val2=substr($0,RSTART,RLENGTH)
sub(/ +\|/,"",val2)
printf("%s.cpu-lat.%s\\%s\\%s\n", host, val, val2, date)
val=val2=""
}' Input_file
Could you please try following. I have mentioned Input_file to pass to awk here in case you want to pass s command's output into awk then try like: your_script | following awk code without Input_file
awk '
match($0,/^\[[0-9]+/){
val=substr($0,RSTART+1,RLENGTH-1)
match($0,/[0-9]+ +\|/)
val2=substr($0,RSTART,RLENGTH)
sub(/ +\|/,"",val2)
print val,val2
val=val2=""
}' Input_file
How do I find duplicates in a column?
$ head countries_lat_long_int_code3.csv | cat -n
1 country,latitude,longitude,name,code
2 AD,42.546245,1.601554,Andorra,376
3 AE,23.424076,53.847818,United Arab Emirates,971
4 AF,33.93911,67.709953,Afghanistan,93
5 AG,17.060816,-61.796428,Antigua and Barbuda,1
6 AI,18.220554,-63.068615,Anguilla,1
7 AL,41.153332,20.168331,Albania,355
8 AM,40.069099,45.038189,Armenia,374
9 AN,12.226079,-69.060087,Netherlands Antilles,599
10 AO,-11.202692,17.873887,Angola,244
For instance this has duplicates in the 5th column.
5 AG,17.060816,-61.796428,Antigua and Barbuda,1
6 AI,18.220554,-63.068615,Anguilla,1
How do I view all the others in this file?
I know I can do this:
awk -F, 'NR>1{print $5}' countries_lat_long_int_code3.csv | sort
And I can eyeball and see if there is any duplicates, but is there a better way?
Or I can do this:
Find out how may are there completely
$ awk -F, 'NR>1{print $5}' countries_lat_long_int_code3.csv | sort | wc -l
210
Find out how many unique values are there
$ awk -F, 'NR>1{print $5}' countries_lat_long_int_code3.csv | sort | uniq | wc -l
183
Therefore there are at most 27 (210-183) duplicates.
EDIT1
My desired output would be something as follows, basically all the columns but just showing the rows that are duplicates:
5 AG,17.060816,-61.796428,Antigua and Barbuda,1
6 AI,18.220554,-63.068615,Anguilla,1
This will give you the duplicated codes
awk -F, 'a[$5]++{print $5}'
if you're only interested in count of duplicate codes
awk -F, 'a[$5]++{count++} END{print count}'
To print duplicated rows try this
awk -F, '$5 in a{print a[$5]; print} {a[$5]=$0}'
This will print the whole row with duplicates found in col $5:
awk -F, 'a[$5]++{print $0}'
This is the less memory aggressive i can guess:
$ cat infile
country,latitude,longitude,name,code
AD,42.546245,1.601554,Andorra,376
AE,23.424076,53.847818,United Arab Emirates,971
AF,33.93911,67.709953,Afghanistan,93
AG,17.060816,-61.796428,Antigua and Barbuda,1
AI,18.220554,-63.068615,Anguilla,1
AL,41.153332,20.168331,Albania,355
AM,40.069099,45.038189,Armenia,374
AN,12.226079,-69.060087,Netherlands Antilles,599
AO,-11.202692,17.873887,Angola,355
$ awk -F\, '$NF in a{if (a[$NF]!=0){print a[$NF];a[$NF]=0}print;next}{a[$NF]=$0}' infile
AG,17.060816,-61.796428,Antigua and Barbuda,1
AI,18.220554,-63.068615,Anguilla,1
AL,41.153332,20.168331,Albania,355
AO,-11.202692,17.873887,Angola,355
NOTE: I have included another duplicate for testing purposes.
If you just want to print out a unique value that repeat over the same file just add at the end of the awk:
awk ... ... | sort | uniq -u
That will print the unique values only on alphabetic order
I want to join last column of the line with the next line first column. For example:
cat FILE
12 15
22 25
32 35
42 45
to join like this:
15 22
25 32
35 42
15 (last column) joined with 22 (first column of next line).
My solution is: tr '\n' '#' < FILE | tr '\t' '\n' | grep '#' | grep -v '#$' | tr '#' '\t'
But there might be simple awk command to do this.
awk '{
for (i = 2; i < NF; i += 2)
print $i, $(i + 1)
}' RS= OFS=\\t infile
With bash:
a=($(<infile));printf '%s\t%s\n' ${a[#]:1:${#a[#]}-2}
With zsh:
printf '%s\t%s\n' ${$(<infile):1:-1}
Got it!
$ awk 'BEGIN{OFS="\t"}{if (NR==1) {a=$2} else {print a,$1;a=$2}}' file
15 22
25 32
35 42
'BEGIN{OFS="\t"} set file separator as tab.
{if (NR==1) {a=$2} for first line just store 2nd field.
else {print a,$1;a=$2}} in the rest of cases print 2nd field of previous row and 1st field of current. This way we do not print last record.
Dimitre Radoulov has the solution but if we're golfing:
awk '$1=$NF=X;1' RS= file|xargs -n2
15 22
25 32
35 42
awk 'NR!=1{print $1,p} {p=$2}'
My command looks like this:
cut -f 1 dummy_FILE | sort | uniq -c | awk '{print $2}' | for i in $(cat -); do grep -w $i dummy_FILE |
awk -v VAR="$i" '{distance+=$3-$2} END {print VAR, distance}'; done
cat dummy_FILE
Red 13 14
Red 39 46
Blue 45 23
Blue 34 27
Green 31 73
I want to:
For every word in $1 dummy_FILE (Red, Blue, Green) - Calculate sum of differences between $3 and $2.
To get the output like this:
Red 8
Blue -29
Green 42
My questions are:
Is it possible to replace cut -f 1 dummy_FILE | sort | uniq -c | awk '{print $2}'?
I am using sort | uniq -c to extract every word from the dataset - is it possible to do it with awk?
How can I overcome useless cat in for i in $(cat -)?
grep -w $i dummy_FILE works fine, but I want to replace it with awk (should I?); If so how can I do this?
When I am trying to awk -v VAR="$i" '/^VAR/ '{distance+=$3-$2} END {print VAR, distance}' I am getting "fatal: division by zero attempted".
I got it using:
awk '{a[$1] = a[$1] + $3 - $2;} END{for (x in a) {print x" "a[x];}}' dummy_FILE
Output:
Blue -29
Green 42
Red 8
If you want to sort the output, just append sort after the AWK command.
Here's one way using awk:
awk '{ a[$1]=a[$1] + $3 - $2 } END { for(i in a) print i, a[i] }' dummy
Results:
Red 8
Blue -29
Green 42
If you require sorted output, you could simply pipe into sort like arutaku suggests:
awk '{ a[$1]=a[$1] + $3 - $2 } END { for(i in a) print i, a[i] }' dummy | sort
You can however, print into sort (within the awk statement), like this:
awk '{ a[$1]=a[$1] + $3 - $2 } END { for(i in a) print i, a[i] | "sort" }' dummy
Too cumbersome:
awk '{print " "$4" "$5" "$6" "$7" "$8" "$9" "$10" "$11" "$12" "$13}' things
awk '{for(i=1;i<4;i++) $i="";print}' file
use cut
$ cut -f4-13 file
or if you insist on awk and $13 is the last field
$ awk '{$1=$2=$3="";print}' file
else
$ awk '{for(i=4;i<=13;i++)printf "%s ",$i;printf "\n"}' file
A solution that does not add extra leading or trailing whitespace:
awk '{ for(i=4; i<NF; i++) printf "%s",$i OFS; if(NF) printf "%s",$NF; printf ORS}'
### Example ###
$ echo '1 2 3 4 5 6 7' |
awk '{for(i=4;i<NF;i++)printf"%s",$i OFS;if(NF)printf"%s",$NF;printf ORS}' |
tr ' ' '-'
4-5-6-7
Sudo_O proposes an elegant improvement using the ternary operator NF?ORS:OFS
$ echo '1 2 3 4 5 6 7' |
awk '{ for(i=4; i<=NF; i++) printf "%s",$i (i==NF?ORS:OFS) }' |
tr ' ' '-'
4-5-6-7
EdMorton gives a solution preserving original whitespaces between fields:
$ echo '1 2 3 4 5 6 7' |
awk '{ sub(/([^ ]+ +){3}/,"") }1' |
tr ' ' '-'
4---5----6-7
BinaryZebra also provides two awesome solutions:
(these solutions even preserve trailing spaces from original string)
$ echo -e ' 1 2\t \t3 4 5 6 7 \t 8\t ' |
awk -v n=3 '{ for ( i=1; i<=n; i++) { sub("^["FS"]*[^"FS"]+["FS"]+","",$0);} } 1 ' |
sed 's/ /./g;s/\t/->/g;s/^/"/;s/$/"/'
"4...5...6.7.->.8->."
$ echo -e ' 1 2\t \t3 4 5 6 7 \t 8\t ' |
awk -v n=3 '{ print gensub("["FS"]*([^"FS"]+["FS"]+){"n"}","",1); }' |
sed 's/ /./g;s/\t/->/g;s/^/"/;s/$/"/'
"4...5...6.7.->.8->."
The solution given by larsr in the comments is almost correct:
$ echo '1 2 3 4 5 6 7' |
awk '{for (i=3;i<=NF;i++) $(i-2)=$i; NF=NF-2; print $0}' | tr ' ' '-'
3-4-5-6-7
This is the fixed and parametrized version of larsr solution:
$ echo '1 2 3 4 5 6 7' |
awk '{for(i=n;i<=NF;i++)$(i-(n-1))=$i;NF=NF-(n-1);print $0}' n=4 | tr ' ' '-'
4-5-6-7
All other answers before Sep-2013 are nice but add extra spaces:
Example of answer adding extra leading spaces:
$ echo '1 2 3 4 5 6 7' |
awk '{$1=$2=$3=""}1' |
tr ' ' '-'
---4-5-6-7
Example of answer adding extra trailing space
$ echo '1 2 3 4 5 6 7' |
awk '{for(i=4;i<=13;i++)printf "%s ",$i;printf "\n"}' |
tr ' ' '-'
4-5-6-7-------
Try this:
awk '{ $1=""; $2=""; $3=""; print $0 }'
The correct way to do this is with an RE interval because it lets you simply state how many fields to skip, and retains inter-field spacing for the remaining fields.
e.g. to skip the first 3 fields without affecting spacing between remaining fields given the format of input we seem to be discussing in this question is simply:
$ echo '1 2 3 4 5 6' |
awk '{sub(/([^ ]+ +){3}/,"")}1'
4 5 6
If you want to accommodate leading spaces and non-blank spaces, but again with the default FS, then it's:
$ echo ' 1 2 3 4 5 6' |
awk '{sub(/[[:space:]]*([^[:space:]]+[[:space:]]+){3}/,"")}1'
4 5 6
If you have an FS that's an RE you can't negate in a character set, you can convert it to a single char first (RS is ideal if it's a single char since an RS CANNOT appear within a field, otherwise consider SUBSEP), then apply the RE interval subsitution, then convert to the OFS. e.g. if chains of "."s separated the fields:
$ echo '1...2.3.4...5....6' |
awk -F'[.]+' '{gsub(FS,RS);sub("([^"RS"]+["RS"]+){3}","");gsub(RS,OFS)}1'
4 5 6
Obviously if OFS is a single char AND it can't appear in the input fields you can reduce that to:
$ echo '1...2.3.4...5....6' |
awk -F'[.]+' '{gsub(FS,OFS); sub("([^"OFS"]+["OFS"]+){3}","")}1'
4 5 6
Then you have the same issue as with all the loop-based solutions that reassign the fields - the FSs are converted to OFSs. If that's an issue, you need to look into GNU awks' patsplit() function.
Pretty much all the answers currently add either leading spaces, trailing spaces or some other separator issue. To select from the fourth field where the separator is whitespace and the output separator is a single space using awk would be:
awk '{for(i=4;i<=NF;i++)printf "%s",$i (i==NF?ORS:OFS)}' file
To parametrize the starting field you could do:
awk '{for(i=n;i<=NF;i++)printf "%s",$i (i==NF?ORS:OFS)}' n=4 file
And also the ending field:
awk '{for(i=n;i<=m=(m>NF?NF:m);i++)printf "%s",$i (i==m?ORS:OFS)}' n=4 m=10 file
awk '{$1=$2=$3="";$0=$0;$1=$1}1'
Input
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Output
4 5 6 7
echo 1 2 3 4 5| awk '{ for (i=3; i<=NF; i++) print $i }'
Another way to avoid using the print statement:
$ awk '{$1=$2=$3=""}sub("^"FS"*","")' file
In awk when a condition is true print is the default action.
I can't believe nobody offered plain shell:
while read -r a b c d; do echo "$d"; done < file
Options 1 to 3 have issues with multiple whitespace (but are simple).
That is the reason to develop options 4 and 5, which process multiple white spaces with no problem.
Of course, if options 4 or 5 are used with n=0 both will preserve any leading whitespace as n=0 means no splitting.
Option 1
A simple cut solution (works with single delimiters):
$ echo '1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8' | cut -d' ' -f4-
4 5 6 7 8
Option 2
Forcing an awk re-calc sometimes solve the problem (works with some versions of awk) of added leading spaces:
$ echo '1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8' | awk '{ $1=$2=$3="";$0=$0;} NF=NF'
4 5 6 7 8
Option 3
Printing each field formated with printf will give more control:
$ echo ' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ' |
awk -v n=3 '{ for (i=n+1; i<=NF; i++){printf("%s%s",$i,i==NF?RS:OFS);} }'
4 5 6 7 8
However, all previous answers change all FS between fields to OFS. Let's build a couple of solutions to that.
Option 4
A loop with sub to remove fields and delimiters is more portable, and doesn't trigger a change of FS to OFS:
$ echo ' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ' |
awk -v n=3 '{ for(i=1;i<=n;i++) { sub("^["FS"]*[^"FS"]+["FS"]+","",$0);} } 1 '
4 5 6 7 8
NOTE: The "^["FS"]*" is to accept an input with leading spaces.
Option 5
It is quite possible to build a solution that does not add extra leading or trailing whitespace, and preserve existing whitespace using the function gensub from GNU awk, as this:
$ echo ' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ' |
awk -v n=3 '{ print gensub("["FS"]*([^"FS"]+["FS"]+){"n"}","",1); }'
4 5 6 7 8
It also may be used to swap a field list given a count n:
$ echo ' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ' |
awk -v n=3 '{ a=gensub("["FS"]*([^"FS"]+["FS"]+){"n"}","",1);
b=gensub("^(.*)("a")","\\1",1);
print "|"a"|","!"b"!";
}'
|4 5 6 7 8 | ! 1 2 3 !
Of course, in such case, the OFS is used to separate both parts of the line, and the trailing white space of the fields is still printed.
Note1: ["FS"]* is used to allow leading spaces in the input line.
Cut has a --complement flag that makes it easy (and fast) to delete columns. The resulting syntax is analogous with what you want to do -- making the solution easier to read/understand. Complement also works for the case where you would like to delete non-contiguous columns.
$ foo='1 2 3 %s 5 6 7'
$ echo "$foo" | cut --complement -d' ' -f1-3
%s 5 6 7
$
Perl solution which does not add leading or trailing whitespace:
perl -lane 'splice #F,0,3; print join " ",#F' file
The perl #F autosplit array starts at index 0 while awk fields start with $1
Perl solution for comma-delimited data:
perl -F, -lane 'splice #F,0,3; print join ",",#F' file
Python solution:
python -c "import sys;[sys.stdout.write(' '.join(line.split()[3:]) + '\n') for line in sys.stdin]" < file
For me the most compact and compliant solution to the request is
$ a='1 2\t \t3 4 5 6 7 \t 8\t ';
$ echo -e "$a" | awk -v n=3 '{while (i<n) {i++; sub($1 FS"*", "")}; print $0}'
And if you have more lines to process as for instance file foo.txt, don't forget to reset i to 0:
$ awk -v n=3 '{i=0; while (i<n) {i++; sub($1 FS"*", "")}; print $0}' foo.txt
Thanks your forum.
As I was annoyed by the first highly upvoted but wrong answer I found enough to write a reply there, and here the wrong answers are marked as such, here is my bit. I do not like proposed solutions as I can see no reason to make answer so complex.
I have a log where after $5 with an IP address can be more text or no text. I need everything from the IP address to the end of the line should there be anything after $5. In my case, this is actualy withn an awk program, not an awk oneliner so awk must solve the problem. When I try to remove the first 4 fields using the old nice looking and most upvoted but completely wrong answer:
echo " 7 27.10.16. Thu 11:57:18 37.244.182.218 one two three" | awk '{$1=$2=$3=$4=""; printf "[%s]\n", $0}'
it spits out wrong and useless response (I added [] to demonstrate):
[ 37.244.182.218 one two three]
Instead, if columns are fixed width until the cut point and awk is needed, the correct and quite simple answer is:
echo " 7 27.10.16. Thu 11:57:18 37.244.182.218 one two three" | awk '{printf "[%s]\n", substr($0,28)}'
which produces the desired output:
[37.244.182.218 one two three]
I've found this other possibility, maybe it could be useful also...
awk 'BEGIN {OFS=ORS="\t" }; {for(i=1; i<14; i++) print $i " "; print $NF "\n" }' your_file
Note: 1. For tabular data and from column $1 to $14
Use cut:
cut -d <The character between characters> -f <number of first column>,<number of last column> <file name>
e.g.: If you have file1 containing : car.is.nice.equal.bmw
Run : cut -d . -f1,3 file1 will print car.is.nice
This isn't very far from some of the previous answers, but does solve a couple of issues:
cols.sh:
#!/bin/bash
awk -v s=$1 '{for(i=s; i<=NF;i++) printf "%-5s", $i; print "" }'
Which you can now call with an argument that will be the starting column:
$ echo "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14" | ./cols.sh 3
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Or:
$ echo "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14" | ./cols.sh 7
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
This is 1-indexed; if you prefer zero indexed, use i=s + 1 instead.
Moreover, if you would like to have to arguments for the starting index and end index, change the file to:
#!/bin/bash
awk -v s=$1 -v e=$2 '{for(i=s; i<=e;i++) printf "%-5s", $i; print "" }'
For example:
$ echo "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14" | ./cols.sh 7 9
7 8 9
The %-5s aligns the result as 5-character-wide columns; if this isn't enough, increase the number, or use %s (with a space) instead if you don't care about alignment.
AWK printf-based solution that avoids % problem, and is unique in that it returns nothing (no return character) if there are less than 4 columns to print:
awk 'NF > 3 { for(i=4; i<NF; i++) printf("%s ", $(i)); print $(i) }'
Testing:
$ x='1 2 3 %s 4 5 6'
$ echo "$x" | awk 'NF > 3 { for(i=4; i<NF; i++) printf("%s ", $(i)); print $(i) }'
%s 4 5 6
$ x='1 2 3'
$ echo "$x" | awk 'NF > 3 { for(i=4; i<NF; i++) printf("%s ", $(i)); print $(i) }'
$ x='1 2 3 '
$ echo "$x" | awk 'NF > 3 { for(i=4; i<NF; i++) printf("%s ", $(i)); print $(i) }'
$