I have 3 tables:
users, contact and pay_roll.
All of the tables share the column user_id which is the primary key and is auto incrementing on all of them, when I insert a new user into the table "users", is there a way to add a blank row to both contact and pay_roll to then be updated later?
My SQL query so far:
INSERT INTO dbo.users (fName, lName) VALUES ('Kieron', 'Oates')
You can use output clause of insert and insert into another table as below:
declare #otheruser table (fname varchar(10), lname varchar(10))
declare #user table (fname varchar(10), lname varchar(10))
insert into #user(fname, lname)
output inserted.fname, inserted.lname into #otheruser
values ('Kieron', 'Oates')
select * from #otheruser
select * from #user
For empty rows you can use as below:
create table #contact (userid int, fname varchar(10), addr varchar(10))
create table #user (userid int identity(1,1), fname varchar(10), lname varchar(10))
create table #pay_roll (userid int, pay money)
insert into #user(fname, lname)
output inserted.userid, null as fname, null as addr into #contact
values ('Kieron', 'Oates')
You're doing it wrong; your schema is fundamentally flawed. The "child" tables contact and payroll are dependent on the user table and should NOT have an identity column used as the foreign key to user. Remove the identity property from these columns. And since it is apparent that you want to create a 1:1 relationship between user and each child table, then the user column in contact and payroll should be both primary key and foreign key.
And no - you do not add "blank" rows to be filled in later. Why? For one, you cannot really distinguish between a "blank" row and a non-blank row without making assumptions about the content of columns. This approach will only lead to tears and many many long hours of work at a later date.
Related
I beginning to learn how to write trigger with this basic database.
I'm also making my very 1st database.
Schema
Team:
TeamID int PK (TeamID int IDENTITY(0,1) CONSTRAINT TeamID_PK PRIMARY KEY)
TeamName nvarchar(100)
History:
HistoryID int PK (HistoryID int IDENTITY(0,1) CONSTRAINT HistoryID_PK PRIMARY KEY)
TeamID int FK REF Team(TeamID)
WinCount int
LoseCount int
My trigger: when a new team is inserted, it should insert a new history row with that team id
CREATE TRIGGER after_insert_Player
ON Team
FOR INSERT
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO History (TeamID, WinCount, LoseCount)
SELECT DISTINCT i.TeamID
FROM Inserted i
LEFT JOIN History h ON h.TeamID = i.TeamID
AND h.WinCount = 0 AND h.LoseCount = 0
END
Executed it returns
The select list for the INSERT statement contains fewer items than the insert list. The number of SELECT values must match the number of INSERT columns.
Please help thank. I'm using SQL Server
The error text is the best guide, it is so clear ..
You try inserting one value from i.TeamID into three columns (TeamID,WinCount,LoseCount)
consider these WinCount and LoseCount while inserting.
Note: I Think the structure of History table need to revisit, you should select WinCount and LoseCount as Expressions not as actual columns.
When you specify insert columns, you say which columns you will be filling. But in your case, right after insert you select only one column (team id).
You either have to modify the insert to contain only one column, or select, to retrieve 3 fields as in insert.
If you mention the columns where values have to be inserted(Using INSERT-SELECT).
The SELECT Statement has to contain the same number of columns that have been specified to be inserted. Also, ensure they are of the same data type.(You might face some issues otherwise)
How to add multiple values in a single column of table in SQL? My table looks like this:
Create table emp
(
id number(5),
name varchar(25),
phone varchar(25)
);
Now I want to add values and multiple phones in the phone column. How to do that? I tried using
insert into emp values (id, name, phone)
values (1, lee, (23455, 67543));
but this is not working
Use two insert statements instead
insert into emp values (id, name,phone) values (1,'lee','23455');
insert into emp values (id, name,phone) values (1,'lee','67543');
or If you want to store both the values in single row
insert into emp values (id, name,phone) values (1,'lee','23455,67543');
Here table is not normalised. You either need to store Phone Number info in separate table or use two different column in same table.
Try changing you table design like this.
EMP table
CREATE TABLE emp
(
emp_id INT IDENTITY(1, 1) PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(25)
);
PhoneNumber Table
CREATE TABLE PhoneNumber
(
phoneno_id INT IDENTITY(1, 1),
emp_id INT,
Phone_Number int,
Cell_Number Int,
FOREIGN KEY (emp_id) REFERENCES emp(emp_id)
)
Note : Auto increment syntax may differ based on the database you are using.
The proper and only real well-designed way to do this in a relational setting is to use a separate table for your phones (this is in SQL Server specific syntax - it might be slightly different, depending on which concrete database system you're using):
Create table emp
(
id INT PRIMARY KEY,
name varchar(25)
)
create table phone
(
phoneId INT IDENTITY(1,1) PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED,
empid INT NOT NULL,
phone varchar(25) NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT FK_Phone_Emp
FOREIGN KEY(empid) REFERENCES dbo.emp(id)
);
and then you insert the employee data into emp :
insert into emp(id, name)
values (1, lee);
and the phones into phone:
insert into phone(empid, phone) values(1, 23455);
insert into phone(empid, phone) values(1, 67543);
With this setup, you have proper normalization for the database, and you can store as many phones as you like, for each employee.
I've created a insert stored procedure with two tables like in the exapmle:
Table NameAge
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Assignment3_NameAge]
(
userID int PRIMARY KEY IDENTITY(1,1),
Name varchar(255) NOT NULL,
Age int NOT NULL
)
Table Hobbies
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Assignment3_Hobbies]
(
hobbiesID int Identity(1,1) Primary Key,
userID int Foreign Key references Assignment3_NameAge(userID),
hobbies varchar(255) NOT NULL,
)
Insert Stored Procedure
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].p_Assignment3Join_ins
#Name nvarchar(100),
#Age int,
#Hobbies nvarchar(100)
AS
INSERT INTO [TABLE].[dbo].[Assignment3_NameAge]
([Name]
,[Age])
VALUES (#Name,#Age)
INSERT INTO [TABLE].[dbo].[Assignment3_Hobbies]
([Hobbies])
VALUES (#Hobbies)
The problem is that when i run the stored procedure the table Hobbies has a null value for userid(the foreign key)
What am i doing wrong?
You should provide the key of the Assignment3_NameAge value you want to insert into Assignment3_Hobbies.
If you want the last inserted you can use SCOPE_IDENTITY() from SQL Server(if you're using SQL Server) or equivalent. It will give you the last inserted value from Assignment3_NameAge
I am guessing this is SQL Server based on the IDENTITY column. Correct?
The first insert creates a user, but there is no user ID being set on the insert of the hobby. You need to capture the identity value from the first insert to be used in the second insert. Have you gon over the system functions available?
You're not supplying a value for it, SQL won't automagically fill the value in for you even though you've created a Foreign Key relationship. It's your job to populate the tables.
I need help in auto populating the primary key values in foreign key table while inserting data in foreign key table. For Example: I have created table:
create table Patient
(
PatientId int IDENTITY(1,1) primary key,
FirstName varchar(50),
SurName varchar(50),
Gender char(20),
)
Say 5 rows are there in this Patient Table:
Say First Row value is: 1, Priya, Kumari, Female
I have created the Guardians Table:
create table Guardians
(
GuardiansId int identity(1,1) primary key,
PatientId int foreign key references Patient(PatientId),
FirstName varchar(50),
SurName varchar(50),
Gender char(20),
RelationToPatient varchar(50),
)
In this table Insert operations are like this:
insert into Guardians(FirstName, SurName, Gender,RelationToPatient)values('Sumit','Kumar','Male','Wife')
While selecting the Guardians Table PatientId showing NULL values: My query is while inserting the values in Guardians Table PatientId should be auto Populated which will come from Patient Table...
My second problem is: How to create the Identity column as varchar. For example: suppose I want to increment my Guardians Table with 'GRD0001', 'GRD0002', 'GRD0003' like this...
Thanks,
S.D
Your question is not very clear - what exactly do you want to do??
When you insert something into the Guardians table, you want to automatically also insert it into the Patients table? I don't quite follow. Can you make a complete example, maybe??
If you need to capture the insert IDENTITY value from the Patient table, do this:
DECLARE #NewPatientID INT
INSERT INTO dbo.Patient(fields) VALUES(.......)
SET #NewPatientID = SCOPE_IDENTITY()
INSERT INTO dbo.Guardians(PatientId, ......) VALUES(#NewPatientID, ......)
As for your second question: leave you GuardiansId IDENTITY as it is (only an INT column can be an IDENTITY and you want to keep that - trust me!) and add a computed column to your table:
ALTER TABLE dbo.Guardians
ADD GuardianIDWithPrefix AS
'GDR' + RIGHT('0000' + CAST(GuardiansId AS VARCHAR(4)), 4) PERSISTED
Since it's a PERSISTED field, you can even index on it and use it like a normal field in every respect.
That should do the trick!
I have a table with a column that I want to extract out and put into a separate table.
For example, lets say I have a table named Contacts. Contacts has a column named Name which stores a string. Now I want to pull out the names into another table named Name and link the Contact.Name column to the Id of the Name table.
I can only use SQL to do this. Any ideas on the best way to go about this?
Let me know if I can clarify anything, thanks!
[edit]
One problem is that different contacts can be tied to the same name. So when different contacts have the same name and it gets exported the Name table would only have one unique row for that name and all the contacts would point to that row. I guess this wouldn't make sense if I were actually working on a contact book, but I'm just using it to illustrate my problem.
CREATE TABLE Name (NameID int IDENTITY(1, 1), [Name] varchar(50))
INSERT INTO Name ([Name])
SELECT DISTINCT [Name]
FROM Contact
ALTER TABLE Contact
ADD COLUMN NameID int
UPDATE Contact
SET NameID = [Name].NameID
FROM Contact
INNER JOIN [Name]
ON Contact.[Name] = [Name].[Name]
ALTER TABLE Contact
DROP COLUMN [Name]
Then add foreign key constraint, etc.
Create the new table with a Foreign key that points back to the contact table. Then insert the names and contactids from the contact table into this new table. After that you can drop the "name" column from the contact table.
CREATE TABLE Name
(
ContactId int,
Name nvarchar(100)
);
INSERT Name(Name)
SELECT ContactId, Name From Contact;
ALTER TABLE Contact
DROP Column name;
EDIT: Since you have edited the question to mention that one name can be associated with multiple contacts, this changes things in the opposite way.
CREATE TABLE Name
(
NameId int IDENTITY,
Name nvarchar(100)
);
INSERT Name(Name)
SELECT DISTINCT Name From Contact;
ALTER TABLE Contact
ADD NameId int;
UPDATE c
SET c.NameId = n.NameId
FROM Contact c
JOIN Name n on n.Name = c.Name;
ALTER Table Contact
Drop Column Name;
NOTE: Make sure that you create the appropiate foreign key between the Contact and Name tables using the NameId on the Contact table and also create a UNIQUE constraint on the "name" column in the Name table.
insert into another_table( contact_id, name )
select id, name
from contacts;
insert into new_table (contact_id, name)
select min(id), name
from contacts
group by name;
This is one way of ensuring only one row per name - you can substitute other functions for min (like, for eg max).
I'm not too sure why you would want to do this, though. No matter what, you will end up with some contacts that don't have a name linked to them...
ALTER TABLE `Contacts` ADD `name_id` INT( 12 ) NOT NULL
ALTER TABLE `Name` ADD `Name` VARCHAR( 200 ) NOT NULL
INSERT INTO Name (id, name) SELECT id, Name FROM Contacts
ALTER TABLE `Contacts` DROP `Name`
The problem is the name_id field, which is filles with "0" and should be have the same value as the id in the Contacts-Table. Here you can use the LOOP or ITERATE statement (if you using MySQL).