Split column into two columns based on type code in third column - sql

Question

My SQL is very rusty. I'm trying to transform this table:
+----+-----+--------------+-------+
| ID | SIN | CONTACT | TYPE |
+----+-----+--------------+-------+
| 1 | 737 | b#bacon.com | email |
| 2 | 760 | 250-555-0100 | phone |
| 3 | 737 | 250-555-0101 | phone |
| 4 | 800 | 250-555-0102 | phone |
| 5 | 850 | l#lemon.com | email |
+----+-----+--------------+-------+
Into this table:
+----+-----+--------------+-------------+
| ID | SIN | PHONE | EMAIL |
+----+-----+--------------+-------------+
| 1 | 737 | 250-555-0101 | b#bacon.com |
| 2 | 760 | 250-555-0100 | |
| 4 | 800 | 250-555-0102 | |
| 5 | 850 | | l#lemon.com |
+----+-----+--------------+-------------+
I wrote this query:
SELECT *
FROM (SELECT *
FROM people
WHERE TYPE = 'phone') phoneNumbers
FULL JOIN (SELECT *
FROM people
WHERE TYPE = 'email') emailAddresses
ON phoneNumbers.SIN = emailAddresses.SIN;
Which produces:
+----+-----+--------------+-------+------+-------+-------------+--------+
| ID | SIN | CONTACT | TYPE | ID_1 | SIN_1 | CONTACT_1 | TYPE_1 |
+----+-----+--------------+-------+------+-------+-------------+--------+
| 2 | 760 | 250-555-0100 | phone | | | | |
| 3 | 737 | 250-555-0101 | phone | 1 | 737 | b#bacon.com | email |
| 4 | 800 | 250-555-0102 | phone | | | | |
| | | | | 5 | 850 | l#lemon.com | email |
+----+-----+--------------+-------+------+-------+-------------+--------+
I know that I can select the columns I want, but the SIN column is incomplete. I seem to recall that I should join in the table a third time to get a complete SIN column, but I cannot remember how.
How can I produce my target table (ID, SIN, PHONE, EMAIL)?
Edit and clarification: I am grateful for the answers I have received so far, but as a SQL greenhorn I am unfamiliar with the techniques you are using (case statements, conditional aggregation, and pivoting). Can this not be done using JOIN and SELECT? Please excuse my ignorance in this matter. (It's not that I am not interested in superior techniques, but I do not want to move too fast too soon.)

Answer 1

One way to approach this is conditional aggregation:
select min(ID), SIN,
max(case when type = 'phone' then contact end) as phone,
max(case when type = 'email' then contact end) as email
from people t
group by sin;

Answer 2

Seems a pivot (oracle.com) would work easily here.
SELECT ID, SIN, PHONE, EMAIL
FROM PEOPLE
PIVOT (
MAX(CONTACT)
FOR TYPE IN ('EMAIL', 'PHONE')
)

Answer 3

I realize this is less elegant than all the solutions posted, but here it is anyhow, a solution using only JOIN and SELECT:
SELECT sins.SIN, phone, email
FROM ((SELECT SIN email_sin, contact email
FROM people
WHERE TYPE = 'email') email
FULL JOIN (SELECT SIN phone_sin, contact phone
FROM people
WHERE TYPE = 'phone') phone
ON email.email_sin = phone.phone_sin)
RIGHT JOIN (SELECT DISTINCT SIN FROM people) sins
ON sins.SIN = phone_sin OR sins.SIN = email_sin;
This lacks the ID column.