I have the following value in a column in Oracle db ('abc', 'xyz')
I want to extract the values separately like abc, xyz by removing ' and (). Is there a way to do it using INSTR and SUBSTR functions?
Thanks
Use this query:
with sample as (select '(''abc'', ''xyz'')' text from dual)
select substr(text,instr(text,'''',1,1) + 1,instr(text,'''',1,2) - instr(text,'''',1,1) - 1),
substr(text,instr(text,'''',1,3) + 1,instr(text,'''',1,4) - instr(text,'''',1,3) - 1)
from sample;
It would help to know what you want to do with the data once parsed. How it could be handled in SQL vs PL/SQL to achieve your requirement could be very different.
That said, here's one way to strip surrounding parens and remove single quotes at the same time during the select using the powerful regexp_replace(source_string, pattern_string, replace_string) :
WITH qry AS (SELECT '(' || '''abc''' || ',' || '''xyz''' || ')' orig_string
FROM dual
)
SELECT regexp_replace(orig_string, '[()'']', '' ) clean_string
FROM qry;
The regexp_replace pattern_string says to match a character class (defind by opening and closing square brackets) containing a left paren or a right paren or a single quote (quoted so Oracle sees it) and the replace_string replaces it with nothing.
Then, to parse the values remaining here's an example from by bag of tricks I got somewhere and tweaked for this case:
set serveroutput on
DECLARE
-- Build a string in the format "('abc','xyz')"
orig_string varchar2(20) := '(' || '''abc''' || ',' || '''xyz''' || ')';
CURSOR cur IS
WITH qry AS (SELECT regexp_replace(orig_string, '[()'']','' ) clean_string
FROM dual
)
SELECT regexp_substr(clean_string, '[^,]+', 1, ROWNUM) element
FROM qry
CONNECT BY LEVEL <= LENGTH(regexp_replace (clean_string, '[^,]+')) + 1;
BEGIN
FOR rec IN cur LOOP
dbms_output.put_line('Element:' || rec.element);
END LOOP;
END;
It basically loops through the elements and prints them. I'm sure you can adapt this to your situation.
Related
I have a table which has column and is inserted with data and in the data there are some characters for example
output should be like this
column name :Name
value 1: andrew-jr
value 2 :john-doctor
but I am getting it as
Name
andrewâ€jr
johnâ€doctor
The - is getting replaced with †character
Your string has CHR(226) and CHR(128).
You could use TRANSLATE or REPLACE.
select TRANSLATE ( 'â€', CHR(226)||CHR(128), '-') FROM DUAL;
yields - ( Tested in SQL developer )
So, to update the column ( check carefully before doing this), use
UPDATE yourtable
SET
columnname = translate(columnname,CHR(226)
|| CHR(128),'-')
WHERE
columnname LIKE '%'
|| CHR(226)
|| CHR(128)
|| '%';
To get a complete list of all characters and CHR values, use any of these.
SELECT
level i,
chr(level) str
FROM
dual
CONNECT BY
level <= 255;
OR
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..255 LOOP
dbms_output.put_line(chr(i)
|| ' == '
|| i);
END LOOP;
END;
/
I want remove specific value from comma separated sting using oracle.
Sample Input -
col
1,2,3,4,5
Suppose i want to remove 3 from the string.
Sample Output -
col
1,2,4,5
Please suggest how i can do this using oracle query.
Thanks.
Here is a solution that uses only standard string functions (rather than regular expressions) - which should result in faster execution in most cases; it removes 3 only when it is the first character followed by comma, the last character preceded by comma, or preceded and followed by comma, and it removes the comma that precedes it in the middle case and it removes the comma that follows it in the first and third case.
It is able to remove two 3's in a row (which some of the other solutions offered are not able to do) while leaving in place consecutive commas (which presumably stand in for NULL) and do not disturb numbers like 38 or 123.
The strategy is to first double up every comma (replace , with ,,) and append and prepend a comma (to the beginning and the end of the string). Then remove every occurrence of ,3,. From what is left, replace every ,, back with a single , and finally remove the leading and trailing ,.
with
test_data ( str ) as (
select '1,2,3,4,5' from dual union all
select '1,2,3,3,4,4,5' from dual union all
select '12,34,5' from dual union all
select '1,,,3,3,3,4' from dual
)
select str,
trim(both ',' from
replace( replace(',' || replace(str, ',', ',,') || ',', ',3,'), ',,', ',')
) as new_str
from test_data
;
STR NEW_STR
------------- ----------
1,2,3,4,5 1,2,4,5
1,2,3,3,4,4,5 1,2,4,4,5
12,34,5 12,34,5
1,,,3,3,3,4 1,,,4
4 rows selected.
Note As pointed out by MT0 (see Comments below), this will trim too much if the original string begins or ends with commas. To cover that case, instead of wrapping everything within trim(both ',' from ...) I should wrap the rest within a subquery, and use something like substr(new_str, 2, length(new_str) - 2) in the outer query.
Here is one method:
select trim(both ',' from replace(',' || '1,2,3,4,5' || ',', ',' || '3' || ',', ','))
That said, storing comma-delimited strings is a really, really bad idea. There is almost no reason to do such a thing. Oracle supports JSON, XML, and nested tables -- all of which are better alternatives.
The need to remove an element suggests a poor data design.
You can convert the list rows using an XMLTABLE, filter to remove the unwanted rows and then re-aggregate them:
SELECT LISTAGG( x.value.getStringVal(), ',' ) WITHIN GROUP ( ORDER BY idx )
FROM XMLTABLE(
( '1,2,3,4,5' )
COLUMNS value XMLTYPE PATH '.',
idx FOR ORDINALITY
) x
WHERE x.value.getStringVal() != 3;
For a simple filter this is probably not worth it and you should use something like (based on #mathguy's solution):
SELECT SUBSTR( new_list, 2, LENGTH( new_list ) - 2 ) AS new_list
FROM (
SELECT REPLACE(
REPLACE(
',' || REPLACE( :list, ',', ',,' ) || ',',
',' || :value_to_replace || ','
),
',,',
','
) AS new_list
FROM DUAL
)
However, if the filtering is more complicated then it might be worth converting the list to rows, filtering and re-aggregating.
I do not knwo how to do this in Oracle, but with SQL-Server I'd use a trick:
convert the list to XML by replacing the comma with tags
use XQuery to filter the data
reconcatenate
This is SQL Server syntax but might point you the direction:
declare #s varchar(100)='1,2,2,3,3,4';
declare #exclude int=3;
WITH Casted AS
(
SELECT CAST('<x>' + REPLACE(#s,',','</x><x>') + '</x>' AS XML) AS TheXml
)
SELECT x.value('.','int')
FROM Casted
CROSS APPLY TheXml.nodes('/x[text()!=sql:variable("#exclude")]') AS A(x)
UPDATE
I just found this answer which seems to show pretty well how to start...
I agree with Gordon regarding the fact that storing comma delimited data in a column is a really bad idea.
I just preceed the csv with a ',', then use the replace function followed by a left trim function to clean-up the preceeding ','.
SCOTT#tst>VAR b_number varchar2(5);
SCOTT#tst>EXEC :b_number:= '3';
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SCOTT#tst>WITH srce AS (
2 SELECT
3 ',' || '3,1,2,3,3,4,5,3' col
4 FROM
5 dual
6 ) SELECT
7 ltrim(replace(col,',' ||:b_number),',') col
8 FROM
9 srce;
COL
1,2,4,5
I have this requirement where we need to separate values from a string the format of the is like
{Feature1=Value1} | {Feature2=Value2} | .. | {FeatureN=ValueN}
{12345=Gold}|{12346=Silver}
so need to separate features and values from the given srting..
To separate PIPE separated values i am using..
select *
from xmltable('r/c' passing xmltype('<r><c>' || replace('{12345=Gold}|{12346=Silver}','|','</c><c>') || '</c></r>')
columns new_str varchar2(30) path '.');
NEW_STR
------------------------------
{12345=Gold}
{12346=Silver}
I am writing a PLSQL block which iterate through each pipe separate values using above query.
I can store these values in PLSQL variable.
Now another task here is to get features and values from two above strings for this i write below SQL
select substr ('{12345=Gold}',2, instr('{12345=Gold}', '=')-2) features from dual;
FEATURES
----------------------
12345
SELECT SUBSTR('{12345=Gold}', instr('{12345=Gold}', '=')+1, LENGTH(substr ('{12345=Gold}', instr('{12345=Gold}', '=')+1, INSTR('{12345=Gold}', '}', 2)))-1) value FROM DUAL;
VALUE
--------------
Gold
So here i am able to get the features and values from a string......
I am looking for another or alternate SQL for my SQL's specially for the last one i find it complex function use so if you have any better idea for the above scenario then please Post !
Please ask if the scenario is not clear
MY DB is --
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
with line as (
select '{12345=Gold}|{12346=Silver}|{12399=Copper}' str from dual)
select substr (parse, 2, instr(parse,'=')-2) as feature
,substr (parse, instr(parse,'=')+1, length(parse)-instr(parse,'=')-1 ) as value
from
(select distinct regexp_substr(str, '[^|]+', 1, level) as parse
from line
connect by regexp_substr(str, '[^|]+', 1, level) is not null)
Here is a way using types and a handy built-in package called apex_util:
create type keyval_t is object (key varchar2(10), value varchar2(100));
/
create type keyval_tab_t is table of keyval_t;
/
create or replace package test_pkg is
function keyval_tab (p_keyval_string varchar2) return keyval_tab_t;
end;
/
create or replace package body test_pkg is
function keyval_tab (p_keyval_string varchar2) return keyval_tab_t
is
l_tab apex_application_global.vc_arr2;
l_tab2 apex_application_global.vc_arr2;
l_keyval_tab keyval_tab_t := keyval_tab_t();
l_str long;
begin
-- Split string at pipe delimiters
l_tab := apex_util.string_to_table (p_keyval_string, '|');
-- For each {key=value} pair
for i in 1..l_tab.count loop
l_str := l_tab(i);
-- Remove the {}
l_str := ltrim (l_str, '{ ');
l_str := rtrim (l_str, '} ');
-- Split string into key and value
l_tab2 := apex_util.string_to_table (l_str, '=');
if l_tab2.count = 2 then
l_keyval_tab.extend;
l_keyval_tab(i) := keyval_t (l_tab2(1), l_tab2(2));
else
-- ?? invalid string
null;
end if;
end loop;
return l_keyval_tab;
end;
end;
/
Now you can query:
SQL> select value from table(test_pkg.keyval_tab ('{12345=Gold}|{12346=Silver}'))
2* where key='12346';
VALUE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Silver
SQL> select key from table(test_pkg.keyval_tab ('{12345=Gold}|{12346=Silver}'))
2 where value='Gold';
KEY
----------
12345
Use this query to get your expected output. Sorry if there are too many replace functions. But this is quite easier.
select EXTRACTVALUE (COLUMN_VALUE, '/row/Code') code,
EXTRACTVALUE (COLUMN_VALUE, '/row/Value') Value
from TABLE(XMLSEQUENCE(EXTRACT(XMLTYPE('<rowset><row>'||replace(replace(replace(replace('{12345=Gold}|{12346=Silver}','}|{','</Value></row><row><Code>'),'{','<Code>'),'=','</Code><Value>'),'}','</Value>')||'</row></rowset>'),'/rowset/row')));
If you already have separated columns into rows the work to do is fairly simple with REGEXP_REPLACE function.
Considering that your cols now is:
NEW_STR
--------------
{12345=Gold}
{12346=Silver}
You can do this sql to transform it into two different columns:
select regexp_replace( col, '\{(\d+)=\w+\}', '\1' ) as feature,
regexp_replace( col, '\{\d+=(\w+)\}', '\1' ) as value
from testTable
Transform that into a view and then just select with columns as you like:
create or replace view testView as
select regexp_replace( col, '\{(\d+)=\w+\}', '\1' ) as feature,
regexp_replace( col, '\{\d+=(\w+)\}', '\1' ) as value
from testTable
Then just do:
select * from testView where feature = '12345'
Or
Select * from testView where value = 'Gold'
If you like to transform the feature value as a number just use the to_number function on that column as:
to_number(regexp_replace( col, '\{(\d+)=\w+\}', '\1' ))
Remember that in order to do this you must be absolute sure that it is only numbers on that, otherwise you will have conversion errors
You can also use a pivot table and REGEXP_SUBSTR
with MyStrings as
(select '{Feature1=Value1}|{Feature2=Value2}|{FeatureN=ValueN}' Str from dual
union all
select '{12345=Gold}|{12346=Silver}' from dual
)
,pivot as (
Select Rownum Pnum
From dual
Connect By Rownum <= 100
)
SELECT rownum rn
,REGEXP_SUBSTR (ms.Str,'[^|]+',1,pv.pnum) TXT
FROM MyStrings ms
,pivot pv
where REGEXP_SUBSTR (ms.Str,'[^|]+',1,pv.pnum) is not null
I've got some SQL that I'd like to format correctly for a mailout (generated directly from SQL - don't ask!). The code is as follows:
SELECT wm_concat('<br>• ' || FIELD1 || ' ' || FIELD2 || ' : ' || FIELD 3 || ' text') AS "Team"
Okay, so this kinda works - but it places a comma at the end of each line. Silly question, and possibly quite trivial, but is there anyway at all to remove the comma please? I think it's being added by the wm_concat function
Thanks
Yes the WM_CONCAT function puts a comma between each value it concatenates.
If there are no commas in your data you could do this:
SELECT replace (wm_concat('<br>• ' || FIELD1 || ' ' || FIELD2 || ' : '
|| FIELD 3 || ' text'),
',', null) AS "Team"
If you are on 11G you can use the new LISTAGG function instead:
SELECT LISTAGG ('<br>• ' || FIELD1 || ' ' || FIELD2 || ' : '
|| FIELD 3 || ' text')
WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY <something>) AS "Team"
That will produce a result without commas.
Just trim the string for trailing commas:
RTRIM( wm_concat(...), ',' )
Oracle 10g provides a very convenient function wm_concat used to solve line reclassified demand, very easy to use this function, but the function provides only ',' this kind of delimiter.
In fact, as long as some simple conversion you can use other delimiters separated, the first thought is replace function
with t as( select 'a' x from dual union select 'b' from dual )
select replace(wm_concat(x),',','-') from t;
But taking into account the string itself may contain ',' character, use the above SQL will lead to erroneous results, but also made some changes to the above SQL.
with t as( select 'a' x from dual union select 'b' y from dual)
select substr(replace(wm_concat('%'||x),',%','-'),2) from t;
In the above SQL by a '%' as a separator, and then replace the '%' to remove the error. The program assumes that the string does not exist within the '%' string to replace the '%' in the SQL can also use other special characters.
Source: http://www.databaseskill.com/3400944/
You can create your own aggregate functions in Oracle and use those to aggregate strings.
Or use the StrAgg function written by Tom Kyte: http://www.sqlsnippets.com/en/topic-11591.html
SELECT StrAgg('<br>• ' || FIELD1 || ' ' || FIELD2 || ' : ' || FIELD 3 || ' text') AS "Team"
FROM Abc
I need to tokenize a string and reverse it in SQL. For example if the string is, 'L3:L2:L1:L0', i need to reverse it as 'L0:L1:L2:L3'. The tokenizing could be done using a delimiter ':' and then reverse it. Please suggest a Function in SQL for the same.
Thanks in advance,
Geetha
If possible, the best solution would be to change your data so that each value is stored in a different row.
If that doesn't work, you can create a PL/SQL function.
If you want a purely SQL solution, typically you'll have to split each value into multiple rows (cross join with an object table, or connect by level <= max number of items), and then re-aggregate the data using one of a dozen different methods (listagg, collect, stragg, xml, sys_connect_by_path, etc.)
Another SQL-only way is to use regular expressions. This is probably the fastest, but it only works with up to 9 items because Oracle only supports 9 back references:
--Get everything except the extra ':' at the end.
select substr(string, 1, length(string) - 1) string from
(
select regexp_replace(
--Add a delimter to the end so all items are the same
'L3:L2:L1:L0'||':'
--Non-greedy search for anything up to a : (I bet there's a better way to do this)
,'(.*?:)?(.*?:)?(.*?:)?(.*?:)?(.*?:)?(.*?:)?(.*?:)?(.*?:)?(.*?:)?(.*?:)?'
--Reverse the back-references
,'\9\8\7\6\5\4\3\2\1') string
from dual
);
Something like :
SELECT
REGEXP_REPLACE('L1:L2:L3',
'([[:alnum:]]{1,}):([[:alnum:]]{1,}):([[:alnum:]]{1,})',
'\3 \2 \1') "REGEXP_REPLACE"
from dual
But you might need to detail what constitutes a token.
Here is a solution using a PL/SQL pipelined function to split the elements:
create type t_str_array as table of varchar2(4000);
create or replace function split_str (p_str in varchar2,
p_separator in varchar2 := ':') return t_str_array pipelined
as
l_str varchar2(32000) := p_str || p_separator;
l_pos pls_integer;
begin
loop
l_pos := instr(l_str, p_separator);
exit when (nvl(l_pos,0) = 0);
pipe row (ltrim(rtrim(substr(l_str,1,l_pos-1))));
l_str := substr(l_str, l_pos+1);
end loop;
return;
end split_str;
Then you would use normal SQL to order the elements:
select * from table(split_str('L3:L2:L1:L0')) order by column_value
declare
s varchar2(1000) := 'L 1 0:L9:L8:L7:L6:L5:L4:L3:L2:L1:L0';
j number := length(s);
begin
for i in reverse 1..length(s) loop
if substr(s, i, 1) = ':' then
dbms_output.put(substr(s, i + 1, j - i) || ':');
j := i - 1;
end if;
end loop;
dbms_output.put_line(substr(s, 1, j));
end;
Convert elements in a CSV string into records, suppressing all NULLs:
SELECT REGEXP_SUBSTR( :csv,'[^,]+', 1, LEVEL ) AS element
FROM dual
CONNECT BY REGEXP_SUBSTR( :csv, '[^,]+', 1, LEVEL ) IS NOT NULL ;
Convert elements in a CSV string into records, preserving NULLs (but not order):
SELECT REGEXP_SUBSTR( :csv,'[^,]+', 1, LEVEL ) AS element
FROM dual
CONNECT BY LEVEL <= LENGTH( :csv ) - LENGTH( REPLACE( :CSV, ',' ) ) + 1 ;
Improving upon Kevan's answer, here is what I tried:
select listagg(TOKEN, ':') WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY TOKEN_LEVEL DESC)
from
(SELECT REGEXP_SUBSTR( myStr,'[^:]+', 1, LEVEL ) AS TOKEN, LEVEL TOKEN_LEVEL
FROM dual
CONNECT BY REGEXP_SUBSTR( myStr, '[^:]+', 1, LEVEL ) IS NOT NULL);
Since you use Oracle it would be easy to generate a java stored procedure passing the string and then
split sting into array
loop array backwards and concate the resulting string
return the resulting string
this will be a small java code and not slower then pl/sql. but if you want to use pl/sql you can possibly also use DBMS_UTILITY.table_to_comma/.comma_to_table. But as the function name let assume -> you have to use "," as token.