In the above t-sql table I would like very much for the Total row to appear at the bottom. I have been wracking my head against this and in all of my other Queries simply using ORDER BY Status works as Total is alphabetically much farther down the list than most of our row values.
This is not the case here and I just can't figure out how to change it
I'm pretty new to sql and I'be been having a lot of difficulty even determining how to phrase a google search. So far I've just gotten results pertaining to Order By
The results of a select query, unless an order is explicitly specified via an 'order by' clause, can be returned in any order. Moreover, the order in which they are returned is not even deterministic. Running the exact same query 3 times in succession might return the exact same result set in 3 different orderings.
So if you want a particular order to your table, you need to order it. An order by clause like
select *
from myTable t
where ...
order by case Status when 'Total' then 1 else 0 end ,
Status
would do you. The 'Total' row will float to the bottom, the other rows will be ordered in collating sequence. You can also order things arbitrarily with this technique:
select *
from myTable t
where ...
order by case Status
when 'Deceased' then 1
when 'Total' then 2
when 'Active' then 3
when 'Withdrawn' then 4
else 5
end
will list the row(s) with a status of 'Deceased' first, followed by the row(s) with a status of 'Total', then 'Active' and 'Withdrawn', and finally anything that didn't match up to an item in the list.
ORDER BY CASE WHEN STATUS = 'Total' THEN 'zzz' ELSE STATUS END
In SQL Server (and most other databases), you can use case to sort certain statūs above others:
order by
case Status
when 'Total' then 2
else 1
end
, Status
In MS Access, you can use iif:
order by
iif(Status = 'Total', 2, 1)
, Status
You can use conditional expressions in order by:
order by (case when status = 'Total' then 1 else 0 end),
status
Related
I have the following table. Using sqlite DB
Item
Result
A
Pass
B
Pass
A
Fail
B
Fail
I want to realize the above table as below using some query.
Item
Total
Accept
Reject
A
2
1(50%)
1(50%)
B
2
1(50%)
1(50%)
How should I construct this query?
You can try PIVOT() if your DBMS supports. Then use CONCAT or || operator depending on the DMBS.
Query:
SELECT
item,
total,
SUM(Pass)||'('|| CAST((SUM(Pass)*1.0/total*1.0)*100.0 AS DECIMAL)||'%)' AS Accept,
SUM(Fail)||'('|| CAST((SUM(Fail)*1.0/total*1.0)*100.0 AS DECIMAL)||'%)' AS Reject
FROM
(
SELECT
Item,
result,
COUNT(result) OVER(PARTITION BY item ORDER BY result ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING) AS total,
CASE
WHEN Result = 'Pass' then 1
ELSE 0
END AS Pass,
CASE
WHEN Result = 'Fail' then 1
ELSE 0
END AS Fail
FROM t
) AS j
GROUP BY item, total
Query explanation:
Since SQLITE does not handle PIVOT, we are creating the flags Pass and Fail manually using CASE statement
To calculate total, COUNT is used as analytical function here. It is basically a shortcut to calculate count and place it in all rows
Then in the outer query, we are calculating %s and using || as the concatenate operator to concatenate the result with total sum and % of it
See demo in db<>fiddle
I have a small piece of data (15 records) where part of it I want ordered in alphabetical order, and part of it ordered by ID
Image 1 shows my data in the original order
After doing the query SELECT * FROM tableName ORDER BY code;
Image 2 shows my data now in alphabetical order, which is great however I would like the top 2 records to be ordered by id
Image 3 shows how I would like my data to look
Could someone help with my query please?
i assumed id is an integer. You can use conditional CASE in the ORDER BY clause.
Note for the first expression case when code in ('LUX-INT', 'LUX-CONT') then -id end desc, it will return id or NULL. As NULL will comes first in ORDER BY, I use DESC and negate the id value so that id is in ascending order
order by case when code in ('LUX-INT', 'LUX-CONT') then -id end desc, code
use case when
SELECT * FROM tableName ORDER BY case when code in ('LUX INT','LUX-CONT') then id else code end
I would write this as:
order by (case when code in ('LUX-INT', 'LUX-CONT') then 1 else 2 end), -- put the special codes first
(case when code in ('LUX-INT', 'LUX-CONT') then code end), -- order them alphabetically
id -- order the rest by id
This works regardless of the types and collations of the underlying columns.
I have a database people that looks like this:
I wanted to count the occurrences of state='CA'.
My first attempt was:
SELECT COUNT(state='CA')
FROM people
;
this returned 1 row with a value of 1000. So I thought that there were 1000 people from CA in the database.
This turns out to be incorrect. I know that they are 127, which I can verify with the query
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM people
WHERE state='CA'
;
which returns 1 row with a value of 127.
I understand how the second query works. However, I do not understand what is wrong with the first one. What is it returning?
If you want to see what's going on, run the query:
select state='CA' from people;
You will see that you will get one result for each row in people, with the value 0 or 1 (or True/False). What you've selected is whether state='CA' for each row, and there will be just as many of those results as there are rows.
You can't constrain a COUNT statement within the statement, you have to do that via the WHERE clause as in your second example.
count is not a sum .. your first query is improper because don't return the number of the rows true .. but the total numbers of not null rows true or false
if you want a filter count you must use a where condition (as your second query) otherwise you must use an if or a a select case inside the sum() function eg:
Select sum(case
when state='CA' then 1 else 0
end) as my_result from People;
or if you want count .. use null and not 0min count
Select count(case
when state='CA' then 1 else null
end) as my_result from People;
Try this-:
Select count(case when state='CA' then 1 else null end) as xyz from People;
1st query will work if you use case when in side count,
like below query will returned count of CA
SELECT sum( case when state='CA' then 1 else 0 end)
FROM people
In first query it is assigning the value 'CA' to the column state for all 1000 rows instead of filtering the values. That is what SELECT does. SELECT does not filter the number of returning rows, it modifies the data.
Whereas in WHERE clause the rows are being filtered first then the SELECT clause runs the COUNT function.
There is a sequence for running the query. It starts from FROM then WHERE, GROUP BY, ORDER BY at the end SELECT will run.
To answer the actual question - why do you get 1000? I'm guessing that there are 1000 rows in your database, or at least 1000 where state is not null. Count will return the number of rows where the thing inside the () is not null and as one of your comments says, the part inside your () will return either true or false, neither of which is null, so will count them all. Your second example is of course the right way to do it.
I want to retrieve a full table with some of the values sorted. The sorted values should all appear before the unsorted values. I though I could pull this off with a UNION but order by is only valid to use after unioning the table and my set of data isn't set up such that that is useful in this case. I want rows with a column value of 0-6 to show up sorted in DESC order and then the rest of the results to show up after that. Is there some way to specify a condition in the order by clause? I saw something that looked close to what I wanted to so but I couldn't get the equality condition working in sql. I'm going to try to make a query using WHEN cases but I'm not sure if there's a way to specify a case like currentValue <= 6. If anyone has any suggestions that would be awesome.
You could do something like this:
order by (case when currentValue <= 6 then 1 else 0 end) desc,
(case when currentValue <= 6 then column end) desc
The first puts the values you care about first. The second puts them in sorted order. The rest will be ordered arbitrarily.
Try this:
SELECT *
FROM yourdata
ORDER BY CASE WHEN yourColumn BETWEEN 0 AND 6 THEN yourColumn ELSE -1 End Desc
One RDBMS-agnostic solution would be to add a second field that takes the same value as the field you wish to sort when that field is less than or equal to six. Then just sort by that field.
I'm building a query with a GROUP BY clause that needs the ability to count records based only on a certain condition (e.g. count only records where a certain column value is equal to 1).
SELECT UID,
COUNT(UID) AS TotalRecords,
SUM(ContractDollars) AS ContractDollars,
(COUNTIF(MyColumn, 1) / COUNT(UID) * 100) -- Get the average of all records that are 1
FROM dbo.AD_CurrentView
GROUP BY UID
HAVING SUM(ContractDollars) >= 500000
The COUNTIF() line obviously fails since there is no native SQL function called COUNTIF, but the idea here is to determine the percentage of all rows that have the value '1' for MyColumn.
Any thoughts on how to properly implement this in a MS SQL 2005 environment?
You could use a SUM (not COUNT!) combined with a CASE statement, like this:
SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN myColumn=1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)
FROM AD_CurrentView
Note: in my own test NULLs were not an issue, though this can be environment dependent. You could handle nulls such as:
SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN ISNULL(myColumn,0)=1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END)
FROM AD_CurrentView
I usually do what Josh recommended, but brainstormed and tested a slightly hokey alternative that I felt like sharing.
You can take advantage of the fact that COUNT(ColumnName) doesn't count NULLs, and use something like this:
SELECT COUNT(NULLIF(0, myColumn))
FROM AD_CurrentView
NULLIF - returns NULL if the two passed in values are the same.
Advantage: Expresses your intent to COUNT rows instead of having the SUM() notation.
Disadvantage: Not as clear how it is working ("magic" is usually bad).
I would use this syntax. It achives the same as Josh and Chris's suggestions, but with the advantage it is ANSI complient and not tied to a particular database vendor.
select count(case when myColumn = 1 then 1 else null end)
from AD_CurrentView
How about
SELECT id, COUNT(IF status=42 THEN 1 ENDIF) AS cnt
FROM table
GROUP BY table
Shorter than CASE :)
Works because COUNT() doesn't count null values, and IF/CASE return null when condition is not met and there is no ELSE.
I think it's better than using SUM().
Adding on to Josh's answer,
SELECT COUNT(CASE WHEN myColumn=1 THEN AD_CurrentView.PrimaryKeyColumn ELSE NULL END)
FROM AD_CurrentView
Worked well for me (in SQL Server 2012) without changing the 'count' to a 'sum' and the same logic is portable to other 'conditional aggregates'. E.g., summing based on a condition:
SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN myColumn=1 THEN AD_CurrentView.NumberColumn ELSE 0 END)
FROM AD_CurrentView
It's 2022 and latest SQL Server still doesn't have COUNTIF (along with regex!). Here's what I use:
-- Count if MyColumn = 42
SELECT SUM(IIF(MyColumn = 42, 1, 0))
FROM MyTable
IIF is a shortcut for CASE WHEN MyColumn = 42 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END.
Not product-specific, but the SQL standard provides
SELECT COUNT() FILTER WHERE <condition-1>,
COUNT() FILTER WHERE <condition-2>, ...
FROM ...
for this purpose. Or something that closely resembles it, I don't know off the top of my hat.
And of course vendors will prefer to stick with their proprietary solutions.
Why not like this?
SELECT count(1)
FROM AD_CurrentView
WHERE myColumn=1
I had to use COUNTIF() in my case as part of my SELECT columns AND to mimic a % of the number of times each item appeared in my results.
So I used this...
SELECT COL1, COL2, ... ETC
(1 / SELECT a.vcount
FROM (SELECT vm2.visit_id, count(*) AS vcount
FROM dbo.visitmanifests AS vm2
WHERE vm2.inactive = 0 AND vm2.visit_id = vm.Visit_ID
GROUP BY vm2.visit_id) AS a)) AS [No of Visits],
COL xyz
FROM etc etc
Of course you will need to format the result according to your display requirements.
SELECT COALESCE(IF(myColumn = 1,COUNT(DISTINCT NumberColumn),NULL),0) column1,
COALESCE(CASE WHEN myColumn = 1 THEN COUNT(DISTINCT NumberColumn) ELSE NULL END,0) AS column2
FROM AD_CurrentView