I'm trying to access box.com with libcurl. To use SSL I exported the SSL certificates with my web browser, box.com uses certificates issued by GeoTrust. But even if I pass them to curl (also with the command line tool (curl https://www.box.com --cacert /certs.pem)) I get an error that curl can't verify the certificate.
If I do exactly the same with a different site, which uses certificates issued by CAcert everything works just fine.
Do I need more/different certificates for box.com, additional to the GeoTrust certificates shown by the browser? If I use the complete certificate bundle stored in my system at /etc/ssl/certs I can connect to box.com but how do I found out which certificates are needed?
If you simply want to get it working, you could set this attribute to false:
CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER
Related
I am using the curl terminal and while issuing the following command :-
curl --anyauth --user admin:admin "https://localhost:8000/LATEST/search?q=caesar"
I am getting below alert :-
curl: (77) schannel: next InitializeSecurityContext failed: SEC_E_UNTRUSTED_ROOT (0x80090325) - The certificate chain was issued by an authority that is not trusted.
Please suggest. I have installed curl in Windows and also downloaded the .pem file and placed it in the same folder.
If your server has a self-signed cert, then by default curl doesn't know that it can trust that the server is who it says it is, and doesn't want to talk.
You can either:
import the cert into your trust store (best and most secure)
apply the -k or --insecure switch to ignore and continue. This may be fine for local development.
use a real cert, signed by a trusted CA
For local dev and a quick solution, run this line
set_config( config( ssl_verifypeer = 0L ) )
before
httr::GET(....)
but as suggested it's still preferable to use a real cert.
I am trying to call an URL using curl, I used below command:
curl https://testenvironment/login --cert Qa1Certificate.pem
The result I get is:
curl: (60) Peer certificate cannot be authenticated with known CA certificates
More details here: http://curl.haxx.se/docs/sslcerts.html
curl performs SSL certificate verification by default, using a "bundle"
of Certificate Authority (CA) public keys (CA certs). If the default
bundle file isn't adequate, you can specify an alternate file
using the --cacert option.
If this HTTPS server uses a certificate signed by a CA represented in
the bundle, the certificate verification probably failed due to a
problem with the certificate (it might be expired, or the name might
not match the domain name in the URL).
If you'd like to turn off curl's verification of the certificate, use
the -k (or --insecure) option.
The Qa1Certificate.pem is placed in the current directory, and I believe that it is not taken into consideration because when I run the same command with a file name which does not exist:
curl https://testenvironment/login --cert ThisFileDoesNotExist.pem
I get the same result.
I am aware that I can obtain what I need using the -k or --insecure options( or other ways of disabling curl's verification of the certificate), but I
want to find out how can I use the certificate in order to perform a successful GET to my test environment.
The test environment uses a self signed certificate which I obtained using openSSL.
TLDR: it's --cacert
From the man page, which should be on your system or on the web:
-E, --cert <certificate[:password]>
(TLS) Tells curl to use the specified client certificate file when getting a file with HTTPS, FTPS or another SSL-based protocol. [snip rest]
Note the words 'client certificate'. --cert is used to specify a certificate and possibly key to authenticate the client, NOT to verify the server.
Now consider another entry on the man page:
--cacert
(TLS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate file to verify the peer. The file may contain multiple CA certificates. The certificate(s) must be in PEM format. Normally curl is built to use a default file for this, so this option is typically used to alter that default file.
This is the option to specify a cert or certs to verify (and specifically to anchor) the server's cert. Since your server cert is selfsigned, the cert is its own anchor/root and effectively is a CA cert, even though the server isn't actually a CA.
That's why the error message you posted includes the words
you can specify an alternate file using the --cacert option.
It does not say --cert.
Whether the client cert (and key) is read depends on the middleware used by the specific build of curl you are running. IME if built with OpenSSL it does give an error if you specify --cert with a nonexistent filename, but a version built with NSS (on Ubuntu 14.04LTS) gives an error only if the server requests client auth, which most servers don't.
I created a Let's Encrypt certificate using SSLforFREE. It works great in the browser, but generates an "unknown certificate" error when used with an Alexa skill. Manually uploading the certificate to the Alexa service works, but it will not work as a "trusted" certificate.
Has anyone successfully used one of these as a "trusted" certificate with Alexa?
Oh, here's what you can do:
Download the contents of your fullchain.pem cert, from /etc/letsencrypt/live/<domain>/fullchain.pem on your server
On your skill config page, select the "SSL" Tab.
Mark "I will upload a self-signed certificate in X.509 format."
Paste the contents of your fullchain.pem file.
It worked for me. Not sure if chain or cert would be enough.
Dont use sslforfree. Use Letsencrypt fullchain certificates directly
Though certificates from https://www.sslforfree.com/ utilizes letsencrypt certificate chain, amazon finds an issue while tracing to a trusted certificate authority.
This is another discussion on missing certificate chains.
The solution that will work is, Use LetsEncrypt certificates directly with chained certificates to a trusted CA certificate.
For this, use certbot in order to generate LetsEncrypt certificate on your Server and follow the steps in #aldrinleal answer.
I created self signed certificate and is being used in my express project. The problem is when I do
curl https://<domain>
doesn't and only works with -k option, it doesn't use the certificate to encrypt its content. I don't see how that is effective since that is similar to http itself.
Also from what I understand in CA signing request is that browsers like chrome they are preinstalled with the information trusted CAs in the web such as Verisign. So how does curl work in this way, does it also know before hand like in chrome regarding who are the trusted CAs?
Also in my project the app communicates with the ec2 machine does it need client side certificate for https ?
Yes, curl has a pointer to a list of trusted Certificate Authority keys. You can override it with the --capath flag.
I've recently obtained a PositiveSSL certificate at Namecheap and installed it on my server. Accessing the site from Firefox works fine, but accessing it from Ruby's net/https library doesn't work: it fails to verify the connection certificate even though I've specified the path to the certificate and I've checked that the file is readable. Curl also fails:
curl --cacert /path/to/cert https://mysite.com/
It simply says something like this:
curl: (60) SSL certificate problem, verify that the CA cert is OK. Details:
error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed
More details here: http://curl.haxx.se/docs/sslcerts.html
curl performs SSL certificate verification by default, using a "bundle"
of Certificate Authority (CA) public keys (CA certs). If the default
bundle file isn't adequate, you can specify an alternate file
using the --cacert option.
If this HTTPS server uses a certificate signed by a CA represented in
the bundle, the certificate verification probably failed due to a
problem with the certificate (it might be expired, or the name might
not match the domain name in the URL).
If you'd like to turn off curl's verification of the certificate, use
the -k (or --insecure) option.
"certificate verify failed" isn't a terribly useful error message. How do I find out what exactly is wrong with my certificate and what to do about it? I find it confusing that it works in the browser but not anywhere else.
It looks like curl requires that the CA certificate file contains ALL certificates in the chain. I've downloaded all of them and combined them into a single file and now both Curl and Ruby are happy.